Hazard Recognition & Control Training

Exercise A:
1. Most incidents in the workplace are caused by a combination of unsafe acts and ______.
a. hazards
b. the environment
c. unsafe conditions
d. safe acts

2. What is a Hazard defined as.

a. Anything that has the potential to cause harm to people, the environment, assets and
business
b. Anything that has the potential to cost money to people, the environment and business
c. Anything that has the potential to improve the business
d. Anything that results in the environment, assets and business changing

3. The most common cause of incidents at Saudi Aramco is a failure to follow.

a. rules and procedures
b. yellow lines in the workshop
c. co-workers good suggestions
d. supervisors instructions

4. Hazard recognition and reporting is the responsibility of.

a. your supervisor
b. your co-workers
c. everyone
d. the Loss Prevention Department

Exercise B:
1. Match the following hazard control methods with the correct description.

a. _2, 5_ Engineering
b. _4, 6_ Administrative
c. _1, 3_ PPE

2. The purpose of hazard recognition is to identify hazards before they can cause an incident.
3. A safety hazard is anything that can have an adverse impact on your safety.
4. Equipment noise, impact noise, and vibrations are example of health hazards.
5. A Joint Site inspection (JSI) is a work permit process that helps identify, control, eliminate or
minimize any hazards before work can begin, and then ensure that the area is safe when the
work is complete.
6. Select the main Safety processes Saudi Aramco uses to identify hazards early to avoid
incidents:
a. Safety Observations Checklist
b. Joint Site Inspection
c. Work Permit system
d. Hazard Analysis Checklist
e. All answers

EXERCISE C
1. Why do you wear safety shoes, harnesses and lanyards?
a. To have a place to put their tools
b. To store tools when they climb ladders
c. To prevent slips, trips and falls
d. To be more comfortable

2. What indicates an area has a noise hazard requiring earplugs or earmuffs to be worn?
a. "Hearing protection required" signs are present in area
b. Work and see if your hearing is damaged
c. Wear ear plugs in one ear and see what happens
d. See if other workers in the area are wearing ear plugs

3. Mechanical energy can be hazardous if it does not have adequate.

a. Guarding
b. un-guarding
c. guardianship
d. velocity

4. Select a method used to protect people on the ground, from tools or equipment falling from
elevated areas?
a. Install ladders at all platforms
b. Installing barricades and signs to keep people away
c. Wearing safety shoes
d. Watch the wind direction

5. What is the maximum wind speed limits for crane lifts, manbaskets, and for work on
scaffolds?
a. Crane max. 32kph, Manbasket max. 25kph and Scaffold max. 65kph
b. Crane max. 25kph, Manbasket max. 32kph and Scaffold max. 65kph
c. Crane max. 32kph, Manbasket max. 65kph and Scaffold max. 25kph
d. Crane max. Unlimited, Manbasket max. 55kph and Scaffold max. 55kph
6. When entering areas where H2S concentrations are equal to or above 10 ppm, testing for
H2S, there is any indication of equipment failure or product leak or entering a confined space
containing sour liquids or sour gases you must wear?
a. SCBA or SABA
b. Safety shoes and dust marks
c. Rubber gloves and dust respirator
d. No RPE required below 100ppm of H2S

7. What will happen if a confined space is not properly isolated?

a. Air will enter quickly inside a confined space
b. Flammable, toxic or hazardous gases could enter by accident
c. The space will become noisy
d. SCBA will not work properly

EXERCISE D
1. Identify the proper angle to set a ladder against a wall before climbing.
a. 50 degrees or a 2-to-1 slope
b. 10 degrees or a 9-to-1 slope
c. 60 degrees or a 6-to-1 slope
d. 75 degrees or a 4-to-1 slope

2. What must be installed on every scaffold?

a. Wooden planks
b. Barricades and warning signs
c. Safety harness and tag lines
d. A safe means of access

3. What is used to tell people to keep away from a scaffold?

a. Hot work permit
b. Green scaffold tag
c. Barricades and warning signs
d. Standby man

4. What are some of the basic safety checks that should be made before accessing scaffolding?
a. materials must be in good condition (no rusty tubing and no split boards)
b. no leaning
c. no evidence of collision damage
d. no gaps in the planks or boards
e. toe boards are fitted
f. all of the above

5. In the SCAFFTAG process, a Red tag means?

a. No access except scaffolders erecting or dismantling.
b. Everyone must use a full-body harnesses on the scaffold.
c. You may use the completed scaffold without a harness
d. Color not important only the tag number matters

EXERCISE E
1. Identify a major hazard when using heavy equipment in an operating area?
a. The machine could hit and damage people or equipment
b. Tire ratings may be too high for safe work
c. The operator’s certificate may expire
d. The operating manual may be missing

2. What should be done if a heavy equipment operator’s certificate expired yesterday?

a. Prevent the operator from using the equipment
b. Get a waiver from the operations superintendent
c. Assign a standby man who is at least a Rigger II
d. The crane inspector should renew the certificate on the spot

3. Which two things must be checked before operating heavy equipment?

a. Manufacturer’s manual and inspection certificate
b. Lift plan approval and operator’s certificate
c. Hydraulic pressure and operator’s certificate
d. Operator certification and safe clearance from equipment

4. Which of the following must be checked before issuing a work permit to operate a crane in an
operating area?
a. Crane balance sheet and wind direction
b. Lift plan and operator’s certificate
c. Crane boom length and log book
d. Log book and lattice boom extension

5. What must be checked before a man-lift basket can be used?

a. Load moment indicator and tire pressure
b. Grab bars and the three point hitch
c. Inspection sticker and lift plan
d. Crane operator’s manual and wind speed

EXERCISE F
1. What must be done before a backhoe can dig an excavation in a hydrocarbon process area?
a. Shut down all critical process equipment
b. Have a standby man at all access points
c. Install shoring after the excavation is finished
d. Locate and mark all underground equipment and cables
2. What does shoring, benching and sloping refer to?
a. Installing catalyst in a vessel
b. Gardening or tree removal
c. Carpentry or woodworking
d. Preventing excavation collapse

3. What precaution must men take before they work in an excavation?

a. Ground all double-insulated equipment
b. Assign a certified fire watch
c. Wear self-contained breathing apparatus
d. Check shoring, benching or sloping is in place

4. Which precautions should be taken to make sure people cannot accidentally fall into an
excavation?
a. Install barricades and warning signs
b. Have all people wear safety harnesses
c. Have all workers wear safety lanyards
d. Have all workers tie-off to the excavation

5. Why is it important to keep heavy equipment, sand, rock or other debris away from the edge
of an excavation?
a. To keep access ladders from becoming blocked
b. To keep the weight from caving in the excavation
c. To make enough room for barricades and warning signs
d. To keep bench guards from being covered or blocked

6. Excavating machines are not allowed to operate closer than how many meters from the
nearest underground hazard?
a. 3 meters
b. 1 meters
c. 5 meters
d. 10 meters

7. Why is it unsafe to operate internal combustion engines near excavations?

a. Fuel leaks can fill up the excavation
b. Toxic exhaust fumes can build up in an excavation
c. Barricades and warning signs may be moved
d. Workers in the excavation could get an electric shock

8. How can you control the hazards of underground cables or utilities before starting any
excavation?
a. Identify and mark cables and services before digging.
b. Use cable drawings and plans.
c. Use cable locating devices
d. Safe digging practice last 3 meters by hand
e. All answers

9. True or false: The heavy equipment is parked as close to the excavation as it deep. For
example if the trench is 10 feet deep you park 10 feet away.
a. True
b. False

10. How close to the edge of an excavation can heavy equipment is parked?
a. 1.3 meters
b. 5 meters
c. 3.1 meters
d. Not important

EXERCISE G
1. Why is it mandatory that asbestos material be kept wet with water while it is being handled?
a. To prevent fires and explosions from happening
b. Water changes it into a non-hazardous material
c. Water keeps it cool during hot summer months
d. Water keeps the fibers from becoming airborne

2. What is the distance compressed flammable gas cylinders must be kept from those
containing O2 or oxidizers?
a. 6.1 meters or 20 feet
b. 5 meters or 16 feet
c. 10 meters or 33 feet
d. 3 meters or 10 feet

3. Identify two hazards that might be found when using compressed air driven equipment?
a. GFCI missing and not double-insulated
b. Damaged base plates and missing guards
c. Damaged hoses and missing coupling safety pins
d. Tools rated over 115 volts and damaged hoses

4. Why should you inspect a compressed gas cylinder before you use it?
a. To see if it needs to be painted
b. To check the bonding cable
c. To make sure it is safe to use
d. It is a GI requirement

5. Identify two hazards that are associated with abrasive blasting equipment.
a. Nonflammable gas and toxic gas
b. Iron sulfide and hydrogen sulfide
c. Ignition source and water spray
d. Low visibility and ignition source

6. Which of the following safety precautions must be used when abrasive blasting?
a. Dead-man switch, dust masks and steel-toed safety shoes
b. Air-supplied hoods, dead-man switch and bonding
c. Foot protection, dust masks and grounded equipment
d. Isolate, purge and ground all electrical equipment

7. What must be provided to protect from radiation, when radiography work is done?
a. Respirators and skin protection
b. Hazard Identification Plan
c. Time, distance and shielding
d. Time, shielding and elevation

8. Why is spray-painting inside a confined space more dangerous than spray painting in an open
area?
a. Flammable paint vapors may become explosive in confined spaces
b. Paint can build up on the inside of the vessel walls, top and floor
c. Dust can cause paint not to dry properly in confined spaces
d. Paint cans can trip and injure workers in confined spaces

9. Identify three safety precautions workers must take when doing abrasive blast cleaning?
a. Dead man switch, respirator and bonding
b. Bonding, dead man switch and fire watch
c. Respirator, fire watch and bonding
d. Fire watch, respirator and dead man switch

EXERCISE H
1. What are six hazardous properties of H2S gas?
Extremely toxic, invisible, heavier than air, flammable and explosive, corrosive and reactive,
deadens your sense of smell

2. What is produced when H2S burns?

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)

3. Why should you look for the windsock if you hear a gas alarm?
To see the wind direction – the wind shows the direction that the H2S will travel

4. What happens to your sense of smell at higher concentrations of H2S?

Your sense of smell is deadened, so you cannot smell anything

5. What is the main route of entry of H2S into your body?

Inhalation (breathing)

6. When mixed with H2S may form a corrosive acid?

Moisture or water

7. What are four types of control measure that reduce the risks associated with H2S gas?
Engineering controls, PPE, procedures, personal gas monitors

8. If you hear the H2S alarm, you should immediately move to safety in which direction?
a. Upwind
b. Downwind
c. Cross wind
d. Not important just run away

9. Never attempt a rescue in an H2S area, unless you are fully a trained rescuer, and wearing
respiratory protection.
10. You must wear SCBA/SABA protection before entering an area where the H2S
concentration is 10ppm or more.

11. Only trained personnel wearing an SCBA/SABA should attempt to rescue a victim of H2S
exposure.

12. What are three Saudi Aramco facilities where H2S may be found?
Gas plant, GOSP, refinery, drilling rig, sewage treatment

13. What is the most common way for H2S to enter the body?
Inhalation or Breathing

14. Who is authorized to enter an area where the H2S alarm is sounding?
A trained rescuer, wearing respiratory protection and PPE

15. Which direction should you move if you hear the H2S alarm?
Crosswind

EXERCISE I
1. Why is a hot work permit required for abrasive blasting?
a. A bonding system is not used
b. It may cause an ignition source
c. It creates extremely high temperatures
d. A fire watch is not required

2. How do we control welding activities in restricted areas?

a. Tell the area foreman
b. Use portable radios
c. Hot work permit and assign a fire watch
d. Cold work permit and warning signs

3. Why are welding, cutting and brazing tasks in confined spaces dangerous?
a. Flammable atmospheres and combustible material can be easily ignited by these tasks
b. They increase the risk of carbon monoxide (CO) exposure
c. They increase the risk of low oxygen levels.
d. All the above answers

4. True or False: For any cutting, welding or burning operation (even if a hot work permit is not
issued) a qualified Fire watch must be assigned?
a. True
b. False

5. What are the some of the best precautions and controls to prevent electrical fire?
a. Regular inspections
b. UL listed equipment and GFCI or grounding for all portable electrical tools
c. Good housekeeping
d. Qualified personnel for maintenance
e. All the above

EXERCISE J
1. Why does Saudi Aramco organizations have specific Emergency Response Plans?
a. To avoid incorrect or delayed response
b. To avoid escalation and/or increased damage or casualties (victims)
c. To ensure everyone knows their roles and responsibilities
d. To ensure you know how to respond, report and evacuate to safe location
e. All the above

2. In case of an emergency you must immediately report:

a. All work related injuries/illnesses or vehicle collisions, no matter how slight, to your
supervisor.
b. All fires, spills, and releases, no matter how small, to your supervisor.
c. Any unsafe condition, practice, near miss, or incident to your supervisor.
d. All the above answers.

3. In case of an emergency, you must:

a. Follow local plans or instructions
b. Remain calm and stop work
c. Proceed immediately and safely to the designated assembly point
d. Remain at assembly area until the “all clear” signal is given
e. All the above answers
 Confined Space Entry
EXERCISE A
1. An excavated trench deeper than feet is considered a confined space.
a. 4
b. 3
c. 2
d. 3.5

2. A confined space has restricted and.

a. entry and exit
b. leaving and escape
c. exit and egress
d. leaving and exit

3. Which of the following are considered to be confined spaces?

a. Tanks
b. Vessels
c. Manholes
d. All answers

4. Which of the following describes a confined space?

a. Limited access
b. Limited natural ventilation
c. Not design for human occupancy and limited working space
d. All the answers

5. The atmosphere of a confined space is unacceptable if the oxygen level is below percent or
above percent.
a. 20% and 23.5%
b. 19.5% and 22%
c. 19% and 22%
d. 20% and 21%

6. Which of the following hazards can be found in confined spaces?

a. Temperature
b. Noise
c. Hazardous atmosphere
d. All the answers

7. Which hazardous atmosphere can be found in a confined space?

a. Asphyxiating atmospheres (suffocation)
b. Toxic atmospheres
c. Flammable atmospheres (LEL)
d. All the answers

8. Exhaust diesel or petrol fumes near a confined space may contain that can present a hazard for a
nearby confined space.
a. carbon monoxide
b. carbon dioxide
c. carbon trioxide
d. oxygen

9. The air temperature in a confined space is not considered when evaluating working conditions in
confined spaces.
a. True
b. False

EXERCISE B
1. What must you have before entering into a confined space within a Saudi Aramco facility or a project
site?
a. A valid Confined Space Entry permit issued by a certified Issuer
b. A valid entry plan is sufficient; no need for work permit
c. Qualified and certified employees don’t need work permit
d. All the answers

2. What are the roles you need for a confined space entry?
a. A Confined Space Entry Supervisor, an Entrant and a Standby man
b. A confined Space Entry Supervisor and any other employees can go in if he watches them
c. An Entrant and a flagman at the exit point
d. A Standby Man, Fireman and the Supervisor

3. Which of the following are part of the Standby Man’s responsibilities?

a. Monitors internal and external activities of a confined space entry
b. Never leaves the point of entry and never enters
c. Maintains communication and orders evacuation of entrant(s) in case of an emergency
d. All the answers

4. Which of the following are part of the Entrant’s responsibilities?

a. Never enters until all precautions are in place and he understands the work assignment
b. Maintains communication with the Standby Man
c. Alerts Standby Man and other Entrants to exit in case of emergency
d. All the answers

EXERCISE C
1. A confined space entry permit is required for jobs when you enter a confined space.
a. True
b. False
2. Vessel entry for cleaning activities in hydrocarbon processing plants requires a confined space entry
(CSE) permit.
a. True
b. False

3. A confined space entry permit ensures the proper preparation of the confined space, identification
and control of hazards, the safe entry and exit of personnel, and rescue plans are in place.
a. True
b. False

4. A confined space entry plan is the written to isolate, de-pressurize, clean, drain, purge or ventilate,
and perform emergency rescue unique to a specific confined space.
a. procedures
b. stories
c. quotation
d. essay

5. During the joint site Inspection, all hazards and controls are identified and recorded on the work
permit form and become conditions for the confined space entry?
a. True
b. False

EXERCISE D
1. Select the correct statement when LEL equal to or greater than 10%?
a. No Entry is permitted
b. Permitted only while continuously wearing an SCBA. Division Head must countersign
c. Permitted without an atmosphere-supplying respirator
d. All entries permitted

2. An LEL concentration of less than 5% allows what type of work?

a. Permitted to perform Cold Work and Confined space entry allowed
b. Permitted to perform Hot Work and Confined Space entry
c. Not permitted to perform any work and no entry into Confined Space is allowed
d. Not permitted to enter into Confined Space

3. When CO concentration is greater than 35 ppm but less than 1000 ppm, select the correct statement
from the following list.
a. Allowed to perform Work and Confined Space entry with SCBA allowed with Division Head approval
b. Confined space entry and Cold work only is allowed
c. Allowed to perform any work and no SCBA required below 1000 ppm
d. Not allowed to perform any work and no entry permitted above 35 ppm with or without SCBA

4. Rescues from a confined space can only be done by?

a. The Confined Space Entry Supervisor
b. The Craft Foreman
c. The Standby Man
d. A Trained Rescue Team

5. The Standby Man must have and ensure all entrants sign the CSE for all confined space entry.
a. Air mover
b. Vacuum truck
c. Entry log
d. Training plan

6. Ignition sources must be eliminated or controlled in a confined space, if they are present (e.g., torch
cutting) you must ensure:
a. Periodic gas Tests are performed
b. Fire protection equipment are present and a fire watch
c. Air movers and other electrical equipment are grounded to prevent static buildup
d. All the answers

7. Confined space entry is not permitted if the atmosphere is:

a. at or above 10% LEL
b. H2S concentration is at or above 100 ppm
c. CO concentration is at or above 1,000 ppm \
d. O2 concentration is above 23.5 %
e. All the answers

8. Select the correct statement when LEL equal to or greater than 10%?
a. No Entry are permitted
b. Permitted only while continuously wearing an SCBA. Division Head must countersign
c. Permitted without an atmosphere-supplying respirator
d. All entries permitted

9. Rescues from a confined space can only be done by?

a. The Confined space Entry Supervisor
b. The Craft Foreman
c. The Standby Man
d. A Trained Rescue Team

10. The Standby Man must have and ensure all entrants sign the CSE for all confined space entry.
a. Air mover
b. Vacuum truck
c. Entry log
d. Training plan

11. Communication between Entrants and Standby Man is important but when verbal, face to face of
direct visual contact is not possible what are other means of communication?
a. Two way Radio
b. Hand Signal
c. Rope communication OATH method
d. All the answers
12. Ignition sources must be eliminated or controlled in a confined space, if they are present (e.g., torch
cutting) you must ensure:
a. Periodic gas Tests are performed
b. Fire protection equipment are present and a fire watch
c. Air movers and other electrical equipment are grounded to prevent static buildup
d. All the answers

13. Confined space entry is not permitted if the atmosphere is:

a. at or above 10% LEL
b. H2S concentration is at or above 100 ppm
c. CO concentration is at or above 1,000 ppm
d. O2 concentration is above 23.5 %
e. All the answers

EXCAVATION
1. Identify two common excavation hazards?
Side wall collapse and underground utilities.
2. Why should gas test be taken before entering an excavation?
Toxic or flammable gas could be present.
3. What hazard does a back hoe cause when digging an excavation?
It can rupture underground utility lines.
4. What is the best way locating underground hazard before starting to dig an excavation?
Use a metal detector or review drawing.
5. How do you make sure excavating machine operators know where the underground
hazards?
Physically marks the location at the site.
6. How close to an underground hazard can an excavating machine be used while digging?
Heavy equipment shall not be operated within 3 m of any excavation.
7. What is the minimum distance a crane can operate next to an excavation?
Cranes shall not be operated closer than the depth of the excavation.
8. How far away from an excavation side wall must the spoil pile be kept?
0.6 meters.
9. Why lifting equipment must never be raised, lowered, or swung over the people who are
working in an excavation?
Workers could be struck by the equipment. Load may fail.
10. Why do we slope or bench excavations?
To prevent sidewall collapse.
11. What is the best method of preventing the side wall of an excavation from collapsing?
Sloping. Benching or Shoring.
12. What do you call the excavation support system that uses an engineered structure to
support the sidewall?
Shoring.
13. How close must ladders or other means of access be spaced in larger excavations?
At least every 7.5 meters and extending 1m above the top of the excavation wall.
14. What must be done if traffic must be re-routed because of an excavation?
Use barricade and signs.
15. What can be used to mark an excavation at night so people can see it?
Blinking warning lights. Guardrails or Barriers, as necessary, shall be established a safe distance
from the excavation.
16. Who should be assigned to direct traffic around an excavation?
Flag man.
17. What must be installed to allow people to cross over an excavation?
A walk-way with guardrails.
18. How deep must an excavation be before it is called a confined space?
Deeper than 4 feet or 1.2 meters.
19. What is the only way to find out if the atmosphere inside an excavation is safe?
Take gas tests by certified Gas tester.
20. What should be done whenever workers enter an excavation?
A gas test must be conducted to ensure the atmosphere is safe before entering the confined
space. Also, you must assign a Stand by Man.
21. Who must inspect all excavation, every day before workers go inside?
A qualified person shall make daily inspections of excavations prior to the start of the work
shift.
22. What is the proper way to remove shoring from an excavation?
From the bottom first.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

23. How can toxic material get into our lungs?

By inhalation.
24. How do we protect our lugs against toxic material?
Use respiratory protection equipment.
25. What minimum eye protection must workers wear while working in area where eye injuries
could occur?
Safety glasses with side shields.
26. What safety equipment protects your eyes against flying particles, airborne mists or
chemical splashes?
Goggles.
27. What can a worker do to have the best possible eye protection?
Wear a face shield and goggles.
28. What is the minimum safety equipment that a worker must wear when there is danger of
head injury?
Safety helmet.
29. Why must safety helmets not be painted?
Paint could hide cracks or damage.
30. Why metal safety helmets are prohibited at all Saudi Aramco facilities?
They store and conduct Static Electricity.
31. What will happen if you do not wear hearing protection in an environment of 85db of
higher noise?
Your hearing will be damaged and you will start to suffer hearing loss.
32. How can you tell if hearing protection should be worn in a work area?
Look for the warning signs.
33. What safety equipment provides the best possible hearing protection?
Using both earplugs and earmuffs.
34. How can you prevent most hand injuries?
Wear gloves.
35. Which type of gloves can protect against damage from rough surfaces and sharp edges?
Abrasion resistant gloves.
36. Which hazard can chemical resistant gloves protect against?
Acids or caustics.
37. What cause foot injuries?
Impacts or blows from dropped tools.
38. What minimum foot protection must employees wear in area where a foot injury could
occur?
Wear approved safety footwear.
39. Where must workers wear personal fall prevention equipment?
On Unguarded, elevated work areas. Shall be used if the working height is greater than 1.8m
from the floor, depth of trench or platform level. Used on any fixed ladder taller than 6m and
not equipped with a cage. Used in man cages or operating on a scaffold with a yellow scaf tag.
40. What equipment is used to keep workers from falling from elevated work areas?
Full body harness and safety lanyard.
41. What should you look for when inspecting fall prevention equipment?
Wear cuts or cracked fittings. Make sure it is fully rated and manually compatible for the task.
42. How can you prevent injury from toxic or oxygen deficient atmospheres?
Wear respiratory protection equipment.
43. What must be done before using a respirator?
Make sure the face/mask seal is tight. Receive training
44. What is the best way to find out which type respirator you need to wear?
Read a chemical hazard bulletin CHB (Chemical Hazard Bulletin) or MSDS (Material Safety Data
Sheet).
45. Which type of respirator must be worn whenever hydrogen sulfide may be present?
Self-Contained breathing apparatus SCBA/SABA.
46. SCBA is set to (positive pressure). This gives what safety condition?
Provides continuous air flow to the mask.
47. What setting should be used when using an SCBA in potentially hazardous atmospheres?
Positive pressure.
48. What should you do before using an SCBA?
Inspect it. Be trained in the use of SCBA.
49. What advantage does a cascade breathing air system have over SCBA?
It has a larger air supply.
50. What is used with a cascade breathing air system to give emergency breathing air if you
must escape or if the breathing air supply stops?
A 5 minute bottle (escape pack).
51. What do SCBA and cascade breathing air system do that air purifying respirators do not do?
Give an independent air supply.
52. Which type of respirator only protects the respiratory tract?
Half mask.
53. Who can you contact to help you choose the correct type of respirator?
Loss prevention or industrial hygiene.

COMPRESSED AIR EQUIPMENT

54. What equipment uses compressed air?
Abrasive Blasting, Compressors, any airlines, impact wrenches, jackhammers and spray painting
equipment.
55. Can compressed air equipment cause severe injuries?
Yes. Failure to.
56. Identify two hazards when using compressed air hose?
Hose failure and accidental disconnection.
57. What should you look for when you inspect compressed air hoses and couplings?
Cut abrasion, damage, worn, missing or loose parts. Safety wire and clips must be fitted.
58. What must be done to prevent compressed air hose couplings from separating by accident?
Install a safety wire and safety clips.
59. What safety precaution should be taken to make compressed air equipment safe at the end
of the workday?
Depressurized the system.
60. Why are most paints and paint thinners used in Saudi Aramco hazardous?
They are flammable and toxic.
61. Why is spray painting inside a confined space more hazardous than spray painting in open
area?
Lower Explosive Levels will increase. Therefore there is a greater risk from explosion.
62. What is the best way to find out if certain paint is hazardous?
Read warning labels or CHBs (chemical hazard bulletins) and MSDS.
63. What first aid equipment is required to help a worker if paint gets into his eyes?
Eyewash fountain.
64. What is the best way to make sure flammable paint vapors do not become explosive?
Ventilation and the elimination of static electricity or ignition source.
65. How do spray painters protect themselves from toxic paint vapors?
Wear air purifying respirators (SABA/SCBA) and approved cartridge type respirators.
66. Identify two hazards from abrasive blast cleaning?
Flying particles and noise. Static Electricity. Dust. Communication. No Bonding. No Dead Man
Switch (DMS).
67. Identify the safety precaution workers must take when abrasive blast cleaning?
Dead man switch, an air –supplied hood (SABA) with 5 minute emergency bottle, bonding,
hearing protection and full body protection.
68. What is a dead – man switch used for?
Stop the flow of abrasive material if released.
69. Why is a bonding system used with abrasive blast cleaning equipment?
To prevent a static charge from developing.
70. What type of respiratory protection equipment must abrasive blast operators wear?
Air supplied hood (SABA).

ELEVATED WORK PLATFORM

71. What do you do before any ladder is used?
It must be inspected.
72. How do we inspect the ladder?
Inspect for: split or broken side rails or rungs. Missing, broken, loose or damage parts. Broken
joints, rivets and hardware. Damaged support feed, oil, grease, dirt or other materials that
could cause a worker to slip.
73. Can we paint the ladders?
The ladders must be not be painted because paint can hide defects.
74. What is the correct angle to use when placing a ladder?
75 degrees or 4:1 slope.
75. Why must ladders extended from 91cm (36``) to 107cm (42``) above the top edge of their
supporting structure?
Supports the ladder and allows men to climb off.
76. What problems might you find during a ladder inspection?
Missing, damaged, worn or loose parts.
77. What two things cause most ladder accidents?
Unsafe Conditions (Damaged parts) and unsafe acts.
78. Do you support the ladder by the rung?
No.
79. Can we use a ladder as a platform?
No.
80. When are ladders safe & best to use?
Temporary access for jobs that do not take a long time to complete.
81. Can we use the ladders temporary as a work platform, like a scaffold work deck, or truck
bed or man basket?
No the ladders must never be used from a temporary work platform, like a scaffold work, truck
bed or man basket.
82. Why do we not use metal ladders or ladders with metal reinforced side rails near electrical
equipment?
This could cause an electric shock.
83. What is the best way to climbing a ladder?
3 points of contact at all times.
84. What must be installed on all scaffolds to prevent people or equipment from falling?
Top rails, toe boards, mid rails.
85. What problem might you find when inspecting scaffold planks?
The wood is decayed or cracked.
86. Identify a hazard you might find when inspecting a scaffold?
The platform is not fully planked.
87. Why are base plates installed on scaffold?
They prevent the scaffold from sinking.
88. What is used to tell people to keep away from scaffold?
Warning signs.
89. What must be installed on every scaffold?
A safe means of access.
90. What tells an operator of an elevating work platform the checks that must be made during
the pre-operational inspection?
Manufacturer’s instructions.
91. What must an elevating work platform operator have before he can operate the machine?
Training.
92. What must workers wear when they are being lifted in an elevating work platform basket?
Safety harness.
93. What should be done to warn employees to stay away from an elevating work platform
while it is in operation?
Install barricades around the machine.

ENERGY

94. Why do we install lock and hold tags on main circuit breakers?
To prevent the accidental startup of equipment.
95. Who must install lock and tags on main circuit breakers before work starts?
Authorized person only.
96. Why is it important to try to start electrical equipment at the field start stop switch after the
main circuit breaker has been locked and tagged?
To make sure the correct system has been isolated and de energized.
97. Who must be at the work site when work must be done on energized electrical circuits?
Two electricians and foremen.
98. What are the closest distance men or equipment can work away from energized power
lines?
Up to 50,000v = 3m (10ft)
50,000v to 250,000v = 6m (20ft)
Over 250,000v = 7.6m (25ft)
99. What safety precaution should be taken before working a pneumatic or hydraulic?
Make sure it is depressurized.
100. What safety precaution should be taken before working a hydraulic system?
Chock or support parts that could move.
101. What should be done before a hydro test begins?
Barricade and sign. Inspect all parts for damage or wear.
102. What is the most serious hazard about a hydro test?
Failure of equipment.
103. What should be done to keep people away from a hydro test?
Install barricades and warning signs.
104. Why must we have the hydro test procedure at the work site before the test begins?
To know which safety precautions to take.
105. Why must a checklist be completed before a hydro test is done?
To it ensures all safety precautions have been taken.

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
106. What disease can you get from breathing asbestos dust and may lead to lung cancer?
Asbestosis.
107. What is the main hazard from working with asbestos?
Lung Cancer. Inhalation of air borne fibers.
108. Who must be trained about asbestos hazards?
All people who handle it.
109. Who is allowed to go into an area where asbestos work is taking place?
Only workers who are direct by involved.
110. What safety equipment must workers wear when they handle asbestos?
Coveralls, rubber gloves, safety glass, respirator with cartridge.
111. What safety equipment must workers wear who remove asbestos?
Air purifying respirator or approved respirator with cartridge.
112. Why must asbestos kept wet with water when it is handled?
To reduce the risk of airborne fibers travelling with the wind.
113. How do we protect ourselves from the radiation used when radiography work is done?
Time, distance and shielding.
114. Who is authorized to handle radioactive sources?
A person who has a radiographer’s permit.
115. How do we identify an area where radiography work is taking place?
Sign, rope or barrier tape.
116. What safety equipment is used to wash chemicals from your eyes or skin?
Safety showers and eyewash fountains.
117. What should you do about the safety showers and eye wash fountains while working in
chemical areas?
Know their location and know how to use them.
118. How must compressed gas cylinders be stored?
Up right.
119. How far apart must compressed gas cylinders containing flammable gas kept from those
containing oxidizers when not in use?
At least 6.1 meters.
120. What is the best way to ensure a compressed gas cylinder is safe to use?
Inspect it for defects and the regulator and flash back arrestor are fitted.
121. What is the correct way to move a compressed gas cylinder?
Use cylinder trolley, material basket, cylinder rack.

HEAVY EQUIPMENT AND CRANES EQUIPMENT

122. Identify three potential hazards when using machines powered internal combustion
engines?
Exhaust fumes (Toxic), Oxygen deficient atmosphere, high noise and fire.
123. Name three things that should be checked when inspecting a gasoline or diesel powered
machine?
Fuel system, muffler and electrical wiring.
124. What should always be available when operating an internal combustion engine?
Fire extinguisher.
125. What should be done before refueling equipment?
Stop the engine and wait 15 minutes.
126. What are machine guards used for?
To cover moving parts and prevent injury.
127. What must be done before using any equipment that will dig into the ground?
Locate and mark all underground hazards.
128. What should be done when towing trailer mounted equipment in congested area or near
plant equipment?
Assign a spotter.
129. What can be done to prevent heavy equipment from hitting equipment or people while it
is being operated?
Use a flag man and barricades.
130. What should you do when working near heavy equipment to keep from being hit by the
machine?
Use eye contact and stay out of blind spots.
131. What should be done if a heavy equipment operator’s certificate has expired?
He must not operate the equipment.
132. What must crane operator do before he uses a crane?
Inspect it.
133. Who must be in charge of all crane lifts?
Competent person.
134. What certification must a crane operator have in his possession to operate a crane?
Saudi government and Aramco license.
135. What does a lift plan do?
Lists all requirements for a safe crane lift.
136. What must be attachment to a crane before it can be used?
Inspection sticker.
137. What must be done is a lifting sling is found damaged?
Remove it from service.
138. What condition would require a sling to be destroyed?
Corrosion or heat damage.
139. What must be stamped on a wire rope sling before it can be used?
Safe working load.
140. What must be marked on the stitched label attached to a fabric sling?
Rated capacity and type of material.
141. What should crane hooks, shackles and connectors be checked for before they are used?
Bending, warping or heat damage.

TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

142. What should be done before using any hand tools?
Inspect it.
143. What can make hand tools dangerous to use?
Damaged, lose, worn or missing parts.
144. What should you do if a hand tools is found in poor condition?
Remove it from the job site.
145. What is the most common problem with electric power tools?
Damaged cords or receptacles.
146. Why is frayed or damaged electrical wiring dangerous on power tools?
It could cause an electrical shock.
147. At what volt rating must electrical power tools used at work be rated?
At or below 125 in SHGP GI 12 volt.
148. What does a ground fault circuit interrupter do?
Shuts down electric current if a ground fault occurs.
149. Identify one hazard when using cartridge?
Operated tools.
150. What safety equipment must be worn by a person using a cartridge operated tools?
Gloves, hearing and eye protection.
151. Why welding hoses must be removed from confined spaces during work breaks or
overnight?
To prevent a dangerous buildup of gas.
152. When you are welding, why is it important to position the welding return lead as close as
possible to the weld point?
To prevent dangerous stray currents.
153. Why must portable welding machines that have 110 volt circuits be grounded?
To prevent electric shock.
154. Why must welders and other workers nearby wear special eye and face protection?
To protect them from radiation.
155. What safety equipment must a welder wear if he is welding in a confined space with poor
ventilation?
He must be use respirator.
Important Notes to Remember

1. Portable ladders should be extended at least 1m (3ft) above the landing surface.
2. Worker should maintain a 3 Points of contact with ladder at all times i.e. Hand Hand Foot Foot
3. The Scaffold Supervisor must sign the tags for all scaffolds above 1.8m
4. The scaffold inspector (along with Supervisor) must sign the tags for all scaffolds above 6m
5. Scaffolds must be re-inspected every two weeks or after any alteration
6. For shock-absorbing lanyards, secure at least 18 ft above impact surface. These lanyards must be either
a “Y” lanyard (i.e., two lanyards sharing a common deceleration device) or double-leg lanyard (i.e., two
lanyards each with their own individual deceleration device.
7. Keep motor vehicles, cranes and heavy equipment away from the edge of the excavation at least 2 m
(6.5 feet) or the depth of the excavation, whichever is greatest—unless the excavation is in stable rock or
protected by shoring as designed or approved by a degreed civil/structural engineer.
8. Spoils piles should be placed at least 2ft (60cms) away from the edge of the excavation.
9. Scaffold should not be erected near the excavation; it should be at least 1.5 times the depth of the
trench.
10. Cranes shall be operated away from the trench more than the depth of the trench.