TOWN

PLANNING
ADITI MANOJ

ROLL NO. 04

SEM 6 NCA
 I. CRZ-COASTAL REGULATION ZONE.

II. SEZ-SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE.

TOPICS III. JNNURM-JAWAHAR LAL NEHRU

NATIONAL URBAN RENEWABLE MISSION.

IV. LAND ACQUISITION ACT.

 1. CRZ - Coastal regulation zone
• In 1991, the Government of India issued a notification under the
Environment Protection Act, 1986 administered by the Ministry of
Environment and Forests (MoEF) to protect and conserve the environment
and ecosystem on the coastline of the country.

• Accordingly to the notification, the coastal land up to 500m from the High
Tide Line (HTL) and a stage of 100m along banks of creeks, estuaries,
backwaters and rivers subject to tidal fluctuations, is called the Coastal
Regulation Zone (CRZ).

• Coastal Regulation Zone along the country has been placed in four
categories as per the CRZ Notification of 1991 until 2003. They are listed
and described in the table below:
1. CRZ - Coastal regulation zone

Area that are ecologically sensitive and essential for maintaining the
ecosystem on the coast

Permissions:
CRZ 1
• Exploration of natural gas
• Extraction of salt.
Areas that are developed up to the shoreline of the coast.
Permissions:
CRZ 2 • Some construction as per the guidelines only.
• Reconstruction of the authorized building without a change in the existing use.

Urban and Rural Areas that don’t fall under CRZ- 1 and CRZ- 2 come under CRZ- 3. They are areas
allocated to the municipality but are not substantially built up.
CRZ 3
1. CRZ - Coastal regulation zone

Permissions:

• Only certain activities related to agriculture, horticulture, gardens, pastures, parks, playfields,
forestry and salt manufacture from seawater.
• No construction shall be permitted in this zone except for repairs of existing authorized
CR3 structures.
• Construction of only public facilities.

Coastal stretches in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep and small islands, except
those designated as CRZ I, CRZ II and CRZ III. Solid waste should be let off in this zone.

CR4 Permissions:
• Corals and sand from the beaches and coastal waters shall not be used for construction and
purposes.
• Dredging and underwater blasting in and around coral formations shall not be permitted.
2.SSEZ-special Economic Zone

• A special economic zone (SEZ) is an area in which the business and

trade laws are different from the rest of the country. SEZs are located
within a country's national borders, and their aims include increasing
trade balance, employment, increased investment, job creation and
effective administration. To encourage businesses to set up in the zone,
financial policies are introduced. These policies typically encompass
investing, taxation, trading, quotas, customs and labor regulations.
Additionally, companies may be offered tax holidays, where upon
establishing themselves in a zone, they are granted a period of lower
taxation.
3.JNNURM-Jawahar Lal Nehru
National urban Renewable Mission

• The JNNURM was launched in 2005 as the first flagship

scheme of this Ministry. JNNURM implemented by
MOHUPA has two components e.g. Basic Services for
Urban poor (BSUP) and Integrated Housing and Slum
Development Program (IHSDP) which aimed at integrated
development of slums through projects for providing
shelter, basic services and other related civic amenities
with a view to providing utilities to the urban poor.
• The Mission was initially for a seven year period i.e. up to March 2012 which
was extended up to March 2014 for completion of the already approved
projects. During March 2013, the Mission period was extended by one more
year i.e. up to March 2015 to complete ongoing works. 65 Mission Cities
identified based on urban population (Census 2001), cultural and tourist
importance was covered under BSUP and the remaining cities were covered
under IHSDP (887).
4. Land Acquisition Act.

• Land acquisition is the process by which the government acquires private property for
public purpose.

• Till 2013,land acquisition in India was governed by land acquisition act of 1894.

• It acquires land from its owners in order to pursue certain public purpose or for
any company. ... The collector shall after making his comments forward it to the Central
Govt, whose decision on the matter shall be final .. The collector shall after making his
comments forward it to the Central Govt, whose decision on the matter shall be final.
 (a) the expression land includes benefits to arise out of
land, and things attached to the earth or permanently
fastened to anything attached to the earth;

[(aa) the expression local authority includes a town

planning authority (by whatever name called) set up
under any law for the time being in force;]
LAND (b) the expression person interested includes all persons
ACQUISITION claiming an interest in compensation to be made on
account of the acquisition of land under this Act; and a
ACT OF 1894 person shall be deemed to be interested in land if he is
interested in an easement affecting the land;

(c) the expression Collector means the Collector of a

district, and includes a Deputy Commissioner and any
officer specially appointed by the [appropriate
Government] to perform the functions of a Collector
under this Act;
• (d) the expression Court means a principal Civil Court of original jurisdiction, unless
the [appropriate Government] has appointed (as it is hereby empowered to do) a special judicial
officer within any specified local limits to perform the functions of the Court under this Act;

• (e) the expression Company means, in relation to acquisition of land for the purposes of the
Union, the Central Government, and, in relation to acquisition of land for any other purposes,
the State Government;]

• (f) the expression public purpose includes

(i) the provision of village-sites, or the extension, planned development improvement of existing
village-sites;

(ii) the provision of land for town or rural planning;

(iii) the provision of land for planned development of land from public funds in pursuance of any
scheme or policy of Government and subsequent disposal thereof in whole or in part by lease,
assignment or outright sale with the object of securing further development as planned;
(iv) the provision of land for a corporation owned or controlled by the State;

(v) the provision of land for residential purposes to the poor or landless or to persons residing in
areas affected by natural calamities, or to persons displaced or affected by reason of the
implementation of any scheme undertaken by Government, any local authority or a corporation
owned or controlled by the State.

(vi) the provision of land for carrying out any educational, housing, health or slum clearance
scheme sponsored by Government or by any authority established by Government for carrying out
any such scheme, or, with the prior approval of the appropriate Government, by a local authority,
or a society registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 (21 of 1860), or under any
corresponding law for the time being in force in a State, or a co-operative society within the
meaning of any law relating to co-operative societies for the time being in force in any State;

(vii) the provision of land for any other scheme of development sponsored by Government, or, with
the prior approval of the appropriate Government, by a local authority;

(viii) the provision of any premises or building for locating a public office,
 Consent: For government projects, no consent is
required while consent of 70 per cent of landowners
is required for Public-Private Partnership (PPP)
projects and 80 per cent for private projects.

Social Impact Assessment: In the case of a land

acquisition (irrespective of the ownership of project),
LAND Social Impact Assessment is necessary unless and
ACQUISITION until there is an urgency. If the project is for
irrigation, then Environmental Impact Assessment is
ACT 2013 required.

Irrigated multi-cropped land: In case the land in

question is irrigated multi-cropped, it cannot be
acquired beyond a limit specified by the state
government.
• Limitations: The Central Act of 2013 was brought to give effect to pre-
existing fundamental right to livelihood of citizens. It ensures that livelihood
will not be taken away unless
• It is in public interest and that is seen by social impact assessment
• The affected citizens are given rehabilitation
• The amendments made without considering the above factors will take away
fundamental rights of the citizens.
• Safeguards: State Governments have to set up dispute settlement
Chairman and he should be a district judge or practising as a lawyer for 7
years. The Act also has provision for the establishment of Land Acquisition,
Rehabilitation and Resettlement Authority for speedy disposal of disputes.
• Return of land: If the project doesn't start in 5 years, the land acquired
under the Act has to be returned to the original owner or the land bank.
 THE NINE AMENDMENTS THAT WERE ADOPTED IN THE
LAND BILL 2015 ARE:

1. Government to acquire land for government bodies, corporations

2. Farmers may get right to appeal/ complain over land acquisition
hearing and redressal of grievances at the district level
3. Panchayat's nod may be compulsory for acquiring tribal land
LAND 4. Social Infrastructure under PPP, not anymore in exempted
ACQUISITION category
5. Replacing the term 'private entity' with 'private enterprise'
BILL 6. Compulsory employment to one member of the affected family of
farm laborer.
7. Limiting the industrial corridor to one kilometer on both the
sides of the highways and railways
8. Ceiling on land for acquisition in industrial corridors
9. Hassle free mechanism for grievances redressal of land losers
THANK YOU.