MANSUETO, NICOLE E.

CORTEZ, JULY ROSE

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
a. identify the types of figures of speech in poetry;
b. construct a poem using the figures of speech.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Figures of Speech In Poetry
Reference:https://courses.lumenlearning.com/atd-distanceminnesota-
creativewriting/chapter/lesson-12-figures-of-speech-in-poetry/#:~:text=Several%20types
%20of%20figures%20of,personification%2C%20hypberbole%2C%20and
%20understatement.&text=A%20simile%20compares%20one%20thing,the%20words
%20like%20or%20as.
Materials: Visual Aids/Powerpoint Presentation

III. LEARNING PROCEDURE

A. Preparatory Activities
1. Prayer
2. Greetings
3. Checking of Attendance
4. Review
Diction- is the careful selection of words to communicate a message or establish
a particular voice or writing style.
Types of Diction: Formal diction, informal diction, colloquial diction, slang diction,
and poetic diction.

5. Motivation (short activity, brainstorm, ice breaker etc.)

Do you have any idea about figures of speech in poetry?
Can you give me at least three figures of speech?
 6. Developmental Activity/Lesson Proper
 A figure of speech is a rhetorical device that achieves a special effect by using
words in a distinctive way.
 Figurative language is often associated with literature and with poetry in
particular. Whether we're conscious of it or not, we use figures of speech every
day in our own writing and conversations.

1. Simile 
A simile compares one thing to another by using the words like or as. Read
Shakespeare’s poem “Sonnet 130.”
In this sonnet, Shakespeare’s simile in the first line is a contrast where one
thing is not like or as something else. He wrote, “My mistress’ eyes are
nothing like the sun.”
2. Metaphor
A metaphor compares one to another by saying one thing is another. Read
Emily Dickinson’s poem “Hope Is the Thing with Feathers.”
Notice that Emily Dickinson compared hope to a bird–the thing with feathers.
Because there are bird images throughout the poem, it is called an extended
metaphor poem.
3. Personification
A personification involves giving a non-human, inanimate object the qualities
of a person. Robert Frost did that in his poem “Storm Fear.”
Look specifically at the strong action verbs to find the human traits that are
attributed to the wind and storm.
4. Hyperbole
A hyperbole is an exaggeration of the truth in order to create an effect.
Sometimes that’s done in a single statement. Other times it can happen with
repetition like in Robert Frost’s famous poem “Stopping by Woods on a
Snowy Evening.” Read the poem aloud. Notice the effect of the last two lines.
The reader feels the tiredness of the weary traveler.
5. Understatement
Understatement is the exact opposite of a hyperbole. The writer deliberately
chooses to downplay the significance or seriousness of a situation or an
event. This is evident in Mary Howitt’s Poem ” The Spider and the Fly.”

B. Activity
Group the class into four.
Each group will write a poem (with any topic) and must include figures of
speech. Underline the lines that contains the figures of speech.
Each group will present their work.
C. Analysis (HOTS questions)
1. What is the importance of figures of speech in poetry?
Figurative language creates meaning by comparing one thing to another thing. Poets
use figures of speech in their poems. Several types of figures of speech exist for them
to choose from.

D. Abstraction (Generalization of the topic)

Five common figures of speech are simile, metaphor, personification, hypberbole, and
understatement.
1. A simile compares one thing to another by using the words like or as. 
2. A metaphor compares one to another by saying one thing is another.
3. A personification involves giving a non-human, inanimate object the qualities of a
person.
4. A hyperbole is an exaggeration of the truth in order to create an effect.
5. Understatement is the exact opposite of a hyperbole. The writer deliberately
chooses to downplay the significance or seriousness of a situation or an event.

E. Application
She is as pretty as Julia Barretto.
She is the moon that shines in my darkest times.
The flower dances gracefully as the wind blows.
I cried a river when he left me.
It is just a small scratch, don’t make it a big deal.

IV. EVALUATION
I. Identify and label each sentence as SIMILE, METAPHOR, HYPERBOLE,
PERSONIFICATION, or UNDERSTATEMENT.
Example: Khaleed is as handsome as his brother. –SIMILE

1. As the earthquake strikes, the building dances.

2. “All the world's a stage.”
3. Alice dresses like a princess.
4. “I was beaten by the bullies, it was just a small thing.”
 5. There is a bunch of food in the fridge that it can feed the whole world.

II. Construct your own sentence using a figures of speech.

V. ASSIGNMENT
Research more figures of speech and give examples for each.