OUTCOME 1

CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS

PREPARED BY:
NUR ‘AIN BINTI BORHAN

STUDENT ID:
(00000107898)

SUBJECT NAME:
EDS 120 (INTRO TO IT)

LECTURER’S NAME:
PN. SURIATI BINTI ADNAN
NO CONTENTS

1.0 PERSONAL COMPUTERS

2.0 MOBILE COMPUTERS AND MOBILE DEVICES

3.0 GAME CONSOLES

4.0 SERVER

5.0 MAINFRAMES

6.0 SUPERCOMPUTERS

7.0 EMBEDDED COMPUTERS

CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS

1.0 Personal Computers

 PC is short for personal computer or IBM PC.

 can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself.
 refer to any small, relatively inexpensive computer designed for an individual user.
 All are based on the microprocessor technology that enables manufacturers to put an
entire CPU on one chip.
 personal computers are desktop computers used in homes, schools and small businesses.
 electronic device that manipulates information, or data.
 It has the ability to store, retrieve, and process data.
 can use a computer to type documents, send email, play games, and browse the Web, also
use it to edit or create spreadsheets, presentations, and even videos.
2.0 Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

1. Notebook computers

 A notebook computer is a battery- or AC-powered personal computer generally

smaller than a briefcase that can easily be transported and conveniently used in
temporary spaces.
 weighs less than 5 pounds and is 3 inches or less in thickness.
 Notebook computers generally cost more than desktop computers with the same
capabilities because they are more difficult to design and manufacture.
 A notebook can effectively be turned into a desktop computer with a docking
station, a hardware frame that supplies connections for peripheral input/output
devices such as a printer or larger monitor.
 The less capable port replicator allows you to connect a notebook to a number of
peripherals through a single plug.
2. Laptop computers

 having a thin LCD or LED computer screen mounted on the inside of the upper
lid of the clamshell and an alphanumeric keyboard on the inside of the lower lid.
 Laptops combine all the input/output components and capabilities of a desktop
computer, including the display screen, small speakers, a keyboard, data storage
device.
 Laptops can be powered either from an internal battery or by an external power
supply from an AC adapter.
3. Tablet PC

 tablet computers are designed to be portable. However,

 they provide a different computing experience.
 The most obvious difference is that tablet computers don't have keyboards or
touchpads.
 Instead, the entire screen is touch-sensitive, allowing you to type on a virtual
keyboard and use your finger as a mouse pointer.
 Also allows you to write or draw on the screen using a digital pen.
 Two famous branded that all using is Apple’s iPad and Microsoft’s Surface
4. Smart phones
 A smartphone is a more powerful version of a traditional cell phone. Old version
just has phone calls, voicemail, text messaging only.
 smartphones can connect to the Internet over Wi-Fi or a cellular network (which
requires purchasing a monthly data plan).
 This means you can use a smartphone for the same things you would normally do
on a computer, such as checking your email, browsing the Web, or shopping
online.
 Most smartphones use a touch-sensitive screen, meaning there isn't a physical
keyboard on the device.
 Other standard features include a high-quality digital camera and the ability to
play digital music and video files.
 Smartphone can actually replace electronics like an old laptop, digital music
player, and digital camera in the same device.
5. PDA
 Personal digital assistant is a term for a small, mobile, handheld device that
provides computing and information storage and retrieval capabilities for personal
or business use.
 PDAs had a small physical keyboard, and some had an electronically sensitive
pad on which handwriting could be received.
 Some PDAs offered a variation of the Microsoft Windows operating system
called Windows CE.
 Types of applications: maintaining schedules, keeping names and phone numbers,
doing simple calculations, taking notes, and, with a modem, exchanging e-mail
and getting information from the Web.
6. Handheld computers
 A handheld computer is a computer that can conveniently be stored in a pocket
(of sufficient size) and used while you're holding it.
 The original handheld that accepted handwriting was Apple's Newton, which was
later withdrawn from the market.
 The most popular handheld that accepts handwritten input is the PalmPilot from
3Com. Philips, Casio, NEC, Compaq, and other companies make handhelds with
small keyboards.
 Windows CE and EPOC are two of the most widely used operating systems in
handheld computers.
 Handheld computers are typically used for personal information.
7. Portable media players
 A portable media player (PMP) is a portable consumer electronics device capable
of storing and playing digital media such as audio, images, and video files
 portable media players are equipped with a 3.5 mm headphone jack, which users
can plug headphones into, or connect to a boombox or hi-fi system.
 The data is typically stored on a compact disc (CD), Digital Video Disc (DVD),
Blu-ray Disc (BD), flash memory, Microdrive, or hard drive.
3.0 Game Consoles
 game console is an electronic or computer device that outputs a video signal or
visual image to display a video game that one or more people can play through
some type of game controller.
 Standard game consoles use a handheld controller(s) as an input device(s); a
television screen as an output device; and hard disks, optical discs, and/or
memory cards for storage.
 Three popular models are Microsoft’s Xbox 360, Nintendo’s Wii (pronounced
wee), and Sony’s PlayStation 3
4.0 Server
 A server is a computer program or device that provides a service to another
computer program and its user, also known as the client.
 In a data centre, the physical computer that a server program runs on is also
frequently referred to as a server.
 In the server programming model, a server program awaits and fulfils requests
from client programs, which might be running in the same or other computers.
5.0 Mainframes
 mainframes are high-performance computers with large amounts of memory and
processors that process billions of simple calculations and transactions in real
time
 Mainframes store tremendous amounts of data, instructions, and information.
 Mainframes also can act as servers in a network environment.
 Servers and other mainframes can access data and information from a mainframe.
 People also can access programs on the mainframe using terminals or personal
computers.
6.0 Supercomputers
 Supercomputer, any of a class of extremely powerful computers. The term is
commonly applied to the fastest high-performance systems available at any given
time.
 weights that exceed 100 tons, these computers can store more than 20,000 times
the data and information of an average desktop computer.
 Large-scale simulations and applications in medicine,
 aerospace, automotive design, online banking, weather forecasting, nuclear
energy research, and petroleum exploration use a supercomputer.
7.0 Embedded Computers
 An embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as a
component in a larger product.
 Consumer Electronics: mobile and digital telephones, digital televisions, cameras,
video recorders, DVD players and recorders, answering machines
 Home Automation Devices: thermostats, sprinkling systems, security monitoring
systems, appliances, lights
 Automobiles: antilock brakes, engine control modules, airbag controller, cruise
control
 Process Controllers and Robotics: remote monitoring systems, power monitors,
machine controllers, medical devices
 Computer Devices and Office Machines: keyboards, printers, fax and copy
machines.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

CATEGORIES OF ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

COMPUTERS
 Speed  Virus and hacks attack
Personal computers  Accuracy  Negative effect on
 Research environment
 In business  Health issues
 Ability to access  Maintenance. Long
Mobile Computers and learning (almost) term cost.
Mobile Devices everywhere  Reception is poor in
 Educational some area.
programs/applications  Battery life
installed
 Cheaper than a  Low quality graphics
gaming PC. compared to Gaming
 Updates for console pc.
 games come in first  Expensive games.
before pc games get  Pay for multiplayer.
Game Consoles updated.
 No need to worry
about hardware
upgrades.
 You get to play with a
controller for more
competitive gaming
and better.
 Some great
exclusives.
Server  All files are stored in  The server is
a central location. expensive to purchase.
 Backups and network  If any part of the
security are controlled network fails a lot of
centrally. disruption can occur.
 Users can access
shared data which is
centrally controlled.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

CATEGORIES OF ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

COMPUTERS
 Increased processing  Hardware and
power: Mainframe software for
computers are mainframes are
Mainframes supported by large clearly expensive.
numbers of high-  mainframe hardware
power processors. occupies more space
 Virtualization: A than other computers.
mainframe system can  one needs high-end
be divided into logical skills to work with
partitions. mainframe computers.
 Reliability,
availability, and
 serviceability.
 Can decrypt any
Supercomputers password.
 Environment safety
 Cost efficiency
 They are easy for
Embedded Computers mass production
 It is highly reliable
 It has improved
product quality
 The embedded
systems use low
power operation
 The embedded system
operates very fast, and
it is portable and
small in size
 A lot of electricity
used.
 A lot of areas
required.
 It has no room for
technological
improvements
 The embedded
systems are hard to
maintain
 It is complicated to
take back up of the
embedded files
 The embedded
systems have less
power supply
durability if it is
battery operated.

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