 What are cells?

The smallest unit that can live on its own and that makes up all living organisms and
the tissues of the body.
 Do all organisms contain DNA? Why?
DNA is found in all living things and carries the instructions to make proteins – A
single DNA strand holds the information to build many different proteins
 What is DNA and what is its function?
DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is a long molecule that contains our unique genetic
code. DNA contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, survive and
reproduce.
 What are genes?
Genes are pieces of DNA that hold the information to build 1 type of protein – A
chromosome has many genes
 What is the relationship between DNA and chromosomes
The chromosomes serve as the structure that holds the DNA. The DNA acts as a
complete set of instructions that tells our bodies how to develop.

Types of organisms and tell how many autosomes they have

 Humans have 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes (the X and Y).
Autosomes are numbered roughly in relation to their sizes.
 The vast majority of snakes have diploid numbers of 36 chromosomes, containing 16
macro chromosomes and 20 micro chromosomes.
 The normal karyotype of domestic cattle follows the pattern of the members of the
Bovidae family: 60 chromosomes, including 58 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes.