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GRAMMAR MAP

Past perfect
Affirmative Negative
I / you / he / she / it had I / you / he / she / it had not
told told
we / they ’d we / they hadn’t

PAST PERFECT

Questions Short answers


I / you / he / she / it Yes, I / you / he / she / it / we / they had.
Had told?
we / they No, I / you / he / she / it / we / they hadn’t.

USE
Talking about a past event that happened before another past event:
■ 
John had finished his homework when someone knocked on the door.

first event: past perfect second event: past simple

Indefinite pronouns

INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
person thing place
some someone / somebody something somewhere
any anyone / anybody anything anywhere
every everyone / everybody everything everywhere
no no one / nobody nothing nowhere

USE
■ W
 e use compounds of some in affirmative sentences or when making an offer
We need to buy something tomorrow.
Would you like to meet somewhere tomorrow?
■ 
We use compounds of any in negative or interrogative forms.
I can’t find my keys anywhere.
Is there anything to eat?
■ 
We use compounds of every in all forms, affirmative, negative and interrogative.
It is used with verbs in singular form.
Everyone is friendly here.
Is everything ready for the trip?
■ 
We use compounds of no with positive verbs but to express negative situations.
There was nobody at home.

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