j

Application
The relay type DL400 is a pilot wire relay for the
protection of overhead lines and cables. A variety of
schemes having at least two pilots are possible. The
protection detects phase faults in unearthed systems
and phase and earth faults in solidly or resistance
earthed systems. The zone of protection mayalso
include a power transformer.

Main features
Single-phase relay with smal! dimensions
High through-fault stability
. .
High-speed operation
Inrush-proof up to very high surge currents when
energizing cables or power transformers
Extremely low burden
Plug-in design with automatic short-circuiting of
current circuits
k:BC · Ullr
Settings for basic sensitivity and piek-up ratio
Built-in signa I flag
Selectable auxiliary supply voltage range

Design and principle of operation

At both ends of the overhead line orcable 1 (Fig. 2), the 199 0851
currents of the main c.t's 2 are connected via the inter-
posing c.t's 3 and the restraint circuits 4 of the relays to Fig. 1 - Pilot wire relay type 0 L41l, front view
the shunts 6. The voltage drops across the shunts
produced by the secondary currents of the interposing
c.t's during normal operation and through faults are
equal in phase and magnitude and no spil! current flows
through the pilots 7 and the operating circuits 5.
When a fault occurs on the protected line, the secondary Station I Station 11
currents of the interposing c.t's and therefore also the
voltage drops across the shunts are unequal and a differ-
ential current iA flows through the pilots and the
operating circuits of both relays, which then trip the
circuit-breakers. Hence the protection compares via pilot
wires the incoming and outgoing currents in a balanced 6 6
voltage scheme. The protection is selective having a !iR 7
clearly defined zone of operation marked by the loca- 154 662.1

tions of the c.t's. Overcurrent relays may be included in Fig. 2 - Simplified circuit diagram
the scheme to provide an overcurrent check and back-up
protection function. They also prevent a mal-operation in 1= protected unit 6 = shunt
2= main c.t's 7 = pilot wires
the event of a short-circuit between the pilot wires.
3= interposing c.t's iH = restraint current
The diagram of Fig. 4 shows the main components of the 4= restraint circuit iA = operating current
relay: the rectifier bridges Dl, D2 and D3, connected to 5= operating circuit iA = shunt current
 the secondaries of the interposing c.t's of the operating,
restraint and inrush stabilizing quantities (not shown),
and the operating A, restraint Hand inrush stabilizing Sp
circuits they supply, also the moving-coil element DS.
The auxiliary tripping relay and the flag unit are not
shown.
The inrush stabilizing circuit is tuned to the second
harmonic of system frequency, which is predominant in
the inrush current of a power transformer, thus stabi-
lizing the relay when energizing a power transformer.
A different filter for higher frequencies prevents mal-
operation due to the capacitive current when energizing
a cable.
The restraint circuit increases the stability of the relay
during through-faults.
The relay can be withdrawn from its casing after
lowering the withdrawing handle to the horizontal
position. The lever-action of th is operation unplugs the
relay and automatically short-circuits the C.t. connec-
tions.
The setting of the basic sensitivity 9 is performed on the
correspondingly marked switch at the upper left of the
relay seen from the front. The settings are in percent and
determine the minimum operating current at zero
restraint current.

't:.
9 = -.'N 100 [%] at 'H = 0

-- It:.= min. operating current

IN= rated current
IH= restraint current

Fig. 3 - Pilot wire relay OL411 withdrawn from casing The pick-up ratio vis set on the correspondingly marked
selector switch located at the left of the relay above the
1= v% setting basic sensitivity setting g. It determines how much
2= withdrawing handle
3= aux. tripping relay
operating current is required to trip the relay as a
4= 9 % setting percentage of the restraint current at 9 = 0 %.
5= flag unit type V2
6= moving-coil element
7= signal reset button It:.
v= -.100[%]atg=0%
'H

The following relationship is a good approximation for

calculating the minimum operating current:
1
It:.= 100 (JH' v+ IN. g) [A]

R, os

c
L

- A

- Fig.4 - Circuit diagram of the relay type OL400 (not showing operating.
restraint and stabilizing input transformers)

A = operating circuit
H = restraint circuit
Sp = inrush stabilizing circuit
OS = moving-coil element
0,. O2.03 = rectifier bridges
04 = diode
Os = limiting diode for inrush currents greater than 15 x IN
R, = settin.g resistor for basic sensitivity 9
R4 = setting resistor for piek-up ratio v
R2.R3.Rs = resistors
L = filter choke
C = filter condenser

2
 -----
14 16
13 15

* I 0 0 0.,0 0 0 0 O? 0 00 I

I .
I 150 016

I 130 014
3
4

/ o 0
v%
o
I
110 012

90 010
I

5 0 0
70 08
--,---~ g~O
1
50 06

~
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150-250 V .
(40-60 V) . 20 21 7 4 9 5 3 2
6+0--( 16 I

5+0---<: 15 6 , 30 /~:)
75-140V : 1413 6
/ / ,

(24-36 V) I
-)--0 - 7 . ,S//02 I

.100000000:0000 I
1 3 5 7 9 11
ui, >-8 2 4 6 8 10 12
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E
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I
I
'16-0--('
0"2 )--0 13

1 HES~323429 _________ _ _::: _J

506940.1
. Front view

Fig.5 - Complete circuit diagram of the relay

1 = operating transformer W [:" 7 aux. tripping relay

2 =inrush stabilizing transformer WS B moving-coil element
3 =restraint transformer WH 9 flag unit
4 =v% setting 10 reset button
5 =9 % setting 11 resistor 12 W
6 =printed circuit. board EI
E =shorting switch
. =terminals for front connection only delivered on order
Terminals numbered the same are connected.
[:" = link between terminals at the rear of the relay

.
3
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, 9 7 81617 18

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506946.11 E
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Fig, 8 - Pilot wire protection of a line with. in addition to the pilot wire relay, time-overcurrent
relays as overcurrent check and phase and earth fault back-up (one terminal)

1 = protected line 10 = flag unit

2 = pilot wires 11 = test switch
3 = circuit-breaker 12 = testing transformer
4 = c.rs . 13 = iso lating c,t,
5 = summation C.t. . 14 = signalling lamp (testing in progress)
6 = shunt. 15 = signalling lamp (pilot wire relay)
7 = time-overcurrent relay type IKS702/a221 16 = signalling lamp (back-up protection)
8 = pilot wire relay type DL411/412 17 = testing resistor
9 = overcurrent relay type IM3x plus timer 18 = diode DSA 1.8 to 16 A

"...,. . Calculated according to data given in questionnaire CH-ES71-65.2E

Technical data of the protection scheme (as per exampleot Fig.8)

I 1000Q
Max. permissible pilot wire loop resistanee at 9 = 10%
-.J
Max. permissible eapaeitanee between the pilots tor a shunt
resistanee ot 200Q 1.5 !!F

Through-tault stability up to 50 X 'N

-1 I
Piek-up eurrent tor different kinds ot taults see Table page 4
lsolating e.t. required tor indueed pilot wire voltages 2to 15kV
I
Questionnaire for designing the proteetion CH-ES 71-65.2 E

Main e.t. requirements only just saturating at max. through-fault eurrent

5
 -11

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CMC4180
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1~2
21

---

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':' 4

Fig. 9 - Pil01 wire pr01ection for phase and earth faults with
time-overcurrent relays as overcurrent check and phase and earth fault
back-up (one terminal)

1 protected line 10 = flag unit

2 pilot wires 11 = signalling lamp (testing in progress)
3 circuit-breaker 12 = signalling lamp (pilot wire relay)
4 c.rs.
13 = signalling lamp (back-up protection)
5,.5R.T = interposing c.rs. 14.. 14. = testing resistors
6~. 6R.T = shunt. 15 = testing transformer
7 = overcurrent relay type IM3x with aux, relay type PB 16 = test switch
7a = timer type CS82-1 01 17 = diodeDSA1,8t016A
BR.BT = time-overcurrent relays with aux. relay type P8 18 = isolating transformers
9t.9R_T = pilot wire relays type DL411/412

.Calculated according to data given in questionnaire CH-ES 71-65,2 E

Figure 9 shows the pilot wire protection equipment for a

line terminal with separate phase and earth fault pilot
wire relays and overcurrent check and back-up relays.
This scheme whilst requiring an additional pilot wire
---- relay and four pilots has the advantage of a more
balanced sensitivity for the different kinds of faults.
The relay equipment has an insulation of 2000V and
isolating c.t's (Fig. 9, items 18) must be included where
longitudinally induced voltages to ground greater than
2000 Vare to be expected. To avoid induced transverse
voltages, each pair of pilots should be twisted.

6
 Ordering numbers
Rated current Rated tre- Aux. supply DL411 DL412
IN(A) quency f(Hz) UH(Vd.c.) HES616520P... HES616520P...
0.1 50 20-60 Pl012 P 1052
75-250 POO12* P0052*
60 20-60 P 3012 P 3052
75-250 P 2012 P 2052

Flush mounting, rear terminals (standard design) P.O.. P.O.. .

Surface rearterminals P.l.. P.l.. .
mounting 24 terminals at tront P.2.. P.2.. .
. available ex stock Ordering examples:
. state when ordering a. Relay DL 411. aux. supply 75 to 250 V. 50 Hz. flush mounting, terminals at rear or DL 411 according to HES 616520 P 0012
b. Relay DL412. aux. supply 20 to 60 V. 60 Hz.surface mounting. terminals at rear or DL412 according to HES616520 P 3152

Technical data
Relay type DL 411 DL 412

Application without power with power

transtormer transtormer
-

Rated current 0.1 A

Rated trequency 50 or 60 Hz
Basic sensitivity 9 10-25 % 20- 50 %
Piek-up ratio v 4-10% 8-20%
24 to 36 VI 40 to 60 V or
Aux. supply UH
75 to 140 V1150 to 250 V
.
Voltage ranges
Permissible variation -20% + 10%
Operating times (including aux. tripping relay) see Fig. 6a see Fig. 6b
Burden :
normal operation 0.015 VA
during a tault 0.055 VA
Operating characteristic see Fig. 7a see Fig. 7b
Continuous rating 3 X IN
Surge current 200 X IN
Short-time rating 65 X INtor 1 s
Operating signal tlag indicator type V2
Test voltage between terminals and casing 2 kV/50 Hz, 1 min
Aux. tripping relay
I Consumption 3W
Contacts 4 N/O
I Max. making current 10 A at 220 V d.c.

J Max. breaking current

Contorating
at 500 Va.c.
0.12 A indoat 220 V d. C., 0.25 A indoat 110 V d. C.
0.75 A indoat 60 V d.c.

6A
at 250 Vd.c. 1.2 A
Circuit diagram Fig. 5
Dimensioned drawings Figures10to 13
Protection type casing lP 50 (incl. reset button, option)
lP 52 (excl. reset button)
terminals lP 10 with terminal cover against manual contact
Weight 3.9 kg
We reserve the right to introduce improvements in the course ot technical developments.

7
 Dimensions
Casing size 1, withdrawable
(in mm)

Ak Ob Ir Ob Ir

o o
I
o 6t--
In t-- In
C\I C\I

r
I 4i

------.-- __ -__: 11

-210 ~
100 ~-=~;--
7 .~

Fig. 10 - Flush mounting, rear connection Fig. 11 - Surface mounting. rear connection

o
In C\I 0
C\I '<t C\I
C') C\I

1 I 111
Fb
o C') --------
50 381 182 -J
I I I I
Gé 11 00 ot-----====î
430
I

Th 0)

7 154877.11

Fig. 12 - Surface mounting, front connection Fig. 13 - Hole in panel for relays in Fig. 10 and 11

Legend

Aa = Terminals, number and arrangement according to circuit diagram

Fb = Hole in panel
Ir = Mounting frame, modification for surface mounting possible
Ob = Fixing screw M 5
Ge = Earthing screw M 5
Ak = Terminal cover

j~ 1I1I
,.'1'1'
.. ASEA BROWN BOVERI

ABB Relays AG For further information please consult your local ABB agency
CH - 5401 Baden / Switzerland

Phone 056/752386
Telefax 056/226718
Telex 755749 abb eh

Printedin Switzerland(9005-1500-0)