UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING

FLUID MECHANICS LAB (ASP-205)

Experiment No: 2

Student Name: Pragati UID: 19bas1098

Branch: Aerospace Section: 4AERO2, Group-A

Semester:4th Date of performance:24/2/2021

Subject Name: Aerodynamics lab Subject Code: ASP-261

Aim: To determine the head loss due to friction in a pipe, and to determine the associated
friction factor under a range of flow rates and flow regimes, i.e., laminar, transitional, and
turbulent.

Apparatus required:

• F1-10 hydraulics bench,

• F1-18 pipe friction apparatus,
• Stopwatch for timing the flow measurement,
• Measuring cylinder for measuring very low flow rates,
• Spirit level, and
• Thermometer.
 UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING

FLUID MECHANICS LAB (ASP-205)

Observation (Table if any):

For 50mm

Sr. no Head loss Rise Time Qactual Velocity Frictional

(cm) (cm) (sec) (cm/sec) factor
1. 63 10 35 1000 50.9554 0.7934
2. 113.40 10 20.50 1707.317 86.997 0.49

3. 126 10 18 1944.4444 99.0799 0.4197

For 40mm

Sr. no Head loss Rise Time Qactual Velocity Frictional

(cm) (cm) (sec) (cm/sec) factor

1. 69.30 10 42 833.3333 66.3481 0.4118

2. 132.30 10 23 1521.7391 121.1575 0.2358
3. 107.10 10 30 1166.6666 92.8874 0.3287

For 25mm

Sr. no Head loss Rise Time Qactual Velocity Frictional

(cm) (cm) (sec) (cm/sec) factor

1. 73.71 10 35 1000 203.75 0.029

2. 122.85 10 25.50 1372.549 279.66 0.0257
3. 73.71 10 35 1000 203.75 0.029
 UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING

FLUID MECHANICS LAB (ASP-205)

For 15 mm

Sr. no Head loss Rise Time Qactual Velocity Frictional

(cm) (cm) (sec) (cm/sec) factor

1. 132.30 10 55 636.3636 360.2908 0.01

2. 119.70 10 59 593.2203 335.8643 0.0104
3. 119.70 10 59 593.2203 335.8643 0.0104

Graph (if any):

No graph

Results and discussions

Frictional factor;

For 50 mm: 0.56

For 40 mm: 0.35

For 25 mm: 0.03

For 15 mm: 0.01

Learning outcomes

1. We learnt about the laminar, turbulent, transitional flow.

 UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING

FLUID MECHANICS LAB (ASP-205)

2. We learnt that friction losses are less in smooth pipes whereas more in rough pipes.
3. We learnt about the head loss, major losses, minor losses.
4. We learnt about the pipes with smooth surface and rough surface.
5. We learnt the Darcy's equation which predicts the frictional energy loss in a pipe based on
the velocity of the fluid and the resistance due to friction.

Sources of error:

• Human error possible while taking reading.

• Make sure that velocity of flow does exceed very much.
• Flow rate of water may be varying during the experiment.

Signature of Student: Pragati Signature of Teacher