TO MODIFY THE CURRENT FOOT SANITIZER

DISPENSER DESIGN TO MAKE IT MORE

FEASIBLE AND COST EFFECTIVE

a project report
submitted in complete fulfilment of the requirements for the middle term
evaluation
of
basic mechanical engineering

Submitted by:
BHAVUK ROHILLA
2K20/A4/76
HARI OM YADAV
2K20/A4/77

Submitted to :

Dr. M.S. NIRANJAN

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

(FORMERLY Delhi College of Engineering)
Bawana Road, Delhi-110042
MARCH 2021

i
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
(FORMERLY Delhi College of Engineering)
Bawana Road, Delhi-110042

CANDIDATE’S DECLERATION

I, (Bhavuk Rohilla,2K20/A4/76) & (Hari Om Yadav 2k20/A4/77) students of B. Tech. 1 st year

hereby declare that the project Dissertation titled “ TO MODIFY THE CURRENT FOOT

SANITIZER DISPENSER DESIGN TO MAKE IT MORE FEASIBLE AND COST EFFECTIVE” which is

submitted by us to the Department of MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, Delhi Technological

University, Delhi in complete fulfilment of the requirements for the middle term evaluation,

is not copied from any source without proper citation. This work has not previously formed

the basis for the award of any Degree, Diploma Associateship, Fellowship or other similar

title or recognition.

Place: Delhi Bhavuk Rohilla

(2K20/A4/76)
Hari Om Yadav
(2K20/A4/77)

Date
ii
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
(FORMERLY Delhi College of Engineering)
Bawana Road, Delhi-110042

CERTIFICATE

I hereby certify that the project Dissertation titled “TO MODIFY THE CURRENT FOOT

SANITIZER DISPENSER DESIGN TO MAKE IT MORE FEASIBLE AND COST EFFECTIVE” which is

submitted by Bhavuk Rohilla,2K20/A4/76 & Hari Om Yadav 2k20/A4/77, Delhi Technological

University, Delhi in complete fulfilment of the requirements for the middle term evaluation,

is a record of the project work carried out by the students under my supervision. To the best

of my knowledge this work has not been submitted in part or full for any Degree or Diploma

to this University or elsewhere.

Place: Delhi Dr. M.S. NIRANJAN

Date: CLASS TEACHER

iii
 Abstract
With the entry of corona in year 2019 the need of sanitization
increased and people now days need to be more careful.
With the process of unlocking after a 3 months lockdown and opening
of schools, colleges, companies etc. there is need for more precaution
and cleanliness than ever before. Hand washing is a must and far
most the best way to protect yourself from germs. But In various
settings hand washing with soap and water is not possible. That’s
where hand sanitizer comes in.
Hand sanitizer is a liquid, gel or foam generally used to kill the vast
majority of viruses/bacteria/microorganisms on the hands. With
corona the need of hand sanitizer is increasing. The global hand
sanitizer market size valued at USD 2.7 billion in 2019 and is
expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of
22.6% from 2020 to 2027.Revenue forecast in 2027 is estimated to be
USD 13.7 billion. The schools Corporate
and other places where large gathering takes place there is need of
sanitizer at every door people entering there have at least their hands
germ free. That can be done via a SANITIZER DISPENSER at door
and what’s better than a sanitizer dispenser that can be operated with
your foot.
The main aim of this project is to explain the various aspects of a
basic foot- operated sanitizer dispenser which include its mechanism,
parts, construction, costs, materials, working etc. Also, it suggests
various modifications in the basic model that can be implemented to
make the dispenser stand more convenient and adaptable.

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

iv
 (FORMERLY Delhi College of Engineering)
Bawana Road, Delhi-110042

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude and deep regards to my Prof. Dr.

M.S. Niranjan who gave me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on TO

MODIFY THE CURRENT FOOT SANITIZER DISPENSER DESIGN TO MAKE IT MORE

FEASIBLE AND COST EFFECTIVE, which also helped me in doing a lot of Research and I

came to know about so many new things I am really thankful to them and for their exemplary

guidance, monitoring and constant encouragement throughout the course of this project.

Secondly I would also like to thank my parents and friends who helped me a lot in finalizing

this project within the limited time frame.

In addition, I would like to thank Department of MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, Delhi

Technological University for giving us the opportunity to work on this topic.

v
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
(FORMERLY Delhi College of Engineering)
Bawana Road, Delhi-110042

CONTENTS

Title page i

Candidate’s Declaration ii

Certificate iii

Abstract iv

Acknowledgment v

Contents vi

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Introduction to foot operated sanitizer 1

1.2 Basic model of foot operated sanitizer dispenser 2

1.2.1 Parts 2

1.2.2 Construction 3

1.2.3 Working 4

1.3 Problems in basic model 6

1.4 Modifications 7

1.5 APPLICATIONS 8

CHAPTER 2 EXPERIMENTAL WORK & CALCULATIONS. 11

2.1 Material strength 11

2.2 Spring stiffness 14

vi
CHAPTER 3 RESULTS AND DISSCUSION 16

3.1 Product durability 16

CHAPTER 4 REFERENCES 17

vii
 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

A hand sanitizer dispensing machine is a hand washing unit that can either be

self-standing or in combination with other hygiene stations. Hand sanitizer

dispensing machines are available in different sizes, price ranges, operation

modes, and capacities. They are installed in public and commercial washrooms.

Hand sanitizer dispensing machines are user friendly and cost effective with

lower maintenance costs.

1.1 Introduction to foot operated sanitizer

Corona Virus (Covid-19) has been declared a Pandemic by WHO and we all are

witnessing the changes it has brought into our daily lives. The number of people

getting infected is increasing day by day and the best cure to stop the spread of

the disease is prevention itself. In the present scenario, washing and sanitization

of hands has changed from a basic etiquette to an utmost necessity as cleaning

of hands has proven to completely eliminate the virus and keeps us from

infecting ourselves and others. There is always a risk when the same bottle is

touched by an infected person as well as other people So in this case any

mechanism that may help to avoid hand contact with the sanitizer bottle and at

the same time is cheap and durable would be helpful. Foot Operated Hand Wash

Dispenser is very useful because of its hands-free mechanism which helps to

sanitize hands without getting in contact with the sanitizing surfaces . It is cost
1
effective, easy to install, low maintenance and thus will help to reduce spread of

Corona virus through cross contamination. This device is mainly designed for

use in public areas like hospitals, school and big companies where a large

number of workers are employed. Contactless technology is the need in this

COVID-19 pandemic.

1.2 Basic model of foot operated sanitizer dispenser

1.2.1 Parts

1. Base : Base is one of the most important parts of this

dispenser. It bears the entire weight of the machine. The

base also provides a steady balance to the stand. Also, as

the base is always is always in contact with the ground, it is prone to corrosion.
Figure: Base
Hence a coat of corrosion resistant paint must be applied to the base. To

increase the firmness of the base, it can also be bolted to ground.

2. Pedal: It is a flat part attached to a lever which at Pressing the pedal triggers

entire mechanism. The pedal must be able to withstand

the amount of force applied by the user.

Figure: Paddle

2
3.Sanitizer bottle base : This base holds the sanitizer bottle. It should

be able to withstand the weight of sanitizer bottle.

4. Inner Fixed and outer movable pipe: The inner fixed pipe acts as a
supporting pillar to the outer pipe and is also an important part of the
mechanism. The outer movable pipe is where the base of the sanitizer
bottle is attached. The outer movable pipe follows a linear up and
down motion.

5.Spring: Spring is the most important part of the systems mechanism.

Function of the spring is to bring back the outer pipe to original
position.

1.2.2 Construction

1. The preliminary task is to the make base flat.

The sturdier the base, the more strength it has for
holding the entire mechanism.

2. Then, the inner fixed pipe should be welded to

the base.

3. The next step is to form a socket of diameter

16mm, thickness 1.5mm and height 30mm from a
CRCA Metal Coil.

4. This small pipe is used as a paddle socket on

which the paddle is mounted and it is welded onto
the base with the centre-to-centre distance between
the inner fixed pipe and this short pipe being
110mm.

5. Clips formed earlier are welded one end of the pedal to link the
pedal to the inner fixed pipe.

6. A hole of 16.5mm diameter is drilled on the pedal. The distance of

3
the hole from the other plain end of the pedal is taken in such a way
that after the pedal is linked to the inner fixed pipe through the clips,
the pedal socket should fit in that hole drilled on the socket .

7. The pedal is then fixed on the short pipe and the inner fixed pipe.

8. The sanitizer base is attached onto the outer movable pipe with the
help of clips.

9. Two screws, one on each, are attached on the inner fixed pipe and
the outer movable pipe. The screws are used to hold the spring. The
distance between the screws on the two pipes should be chosen in
such a way that the spring should remain in a compressed position
initially.

10. The outer movable pipe is placed upon the inner fixed pipe and
the spring is attached.

11. Finally, the top constraint part is attached upon the inner fixed
pipe.

1.2.3 Working

1. On pressing the pedal, the clips attached to the pedal and inner
fixed pipe make similar movements as the pedal.
2. The outer movable pipe, which was earlier resting on these
clips, shoots upward due to the movements generated by the
pedal and the clips.

3. As the outer movable pipe moves upwards, the sanitizer bottle,

placed inside the sanitizer bottle base, reciprocates with the outer
movable pipe.
4. This upward movement of the outer movable pipe is
terminated by the top constrained part.

4
5. The lower circular base prevents the ascending movement of
the outer movable pipe; also, at the same time the extended part
of the lower circular base clashes with the sanitizer bottle pump.

6. Hence, pressure is applied on the pump and the bottle starts

dispensing sanitizer.
7. The dispensing action of the sanitizer bottle comes to an end
when the pump is brought back to its original position by
removing the pressure applied.

8. For this action to take place, the outer movable pipe should
move downwards, thwarting the collision between the bottle and
the extended part of the lower circular part. 9) When the pressure
from the pedal is lifted, the pedal returns to its original position,
so does the clips and outer movable pipe. Thus, the pump returns
to its initial position and stops dispensing sanitizer.

10. However, in certain cases, the pedal remains in a neutral

position on the removal of pressure.
11. In order to bring the outer movable pipe downwards, and to
stop the dispensing action, the spring mechanism takes place.

12. When the outer movable pipe shoots upwards, the spring
attached to the outer movable pipe and inner fixed pipe gets
extended / elongated.
13. As the collision between the outer movable pipe and the top
constraint occurs and there is no scope for the pipe to move
further upwards, the extended spring pulls the pipe back to its
initial position, so that it can return back to its compressed state.

14. Hence, the dispensing action stops.

5
1.3 Problems in basic model

There are several problems in the basic model.

A. Firstly the material of the system, it is made of iron in most of the

sanitizer dispenser system that are available in market. It makes the

dispenser heavy and it is also prone to corrosion which makes it need

regular maintenance.

B. Due to use of iron in system it needs some welding at several parts

for making it robust. But welding is costly and such a thing does not

require that much of processing.

C. For working with iron heavy machinery is required that include

Laser cutting Machine, Hydraulic Bending machine, welding machine
etc.

This is the cost of machinery required for

making iron sanitizer dispenser

6
1.4 Modifications

There are several modifications that can be done in the basic foot

sanitizer dispenser design:-

1. First we will replace iron with a lighter

and durable material i.e. polycarbonate.

As it is needed only for outside purpose

and no food grade standards are to taken care of so we can also

use recycled plastic.

2. New design can be made which will include two models one will

be wall mounted and one will be stand

based.

a. WALL MOUNTED DESIGN : It can be

used for cost cutting in material as there

will no need for stand And will have

lighter weight.

For people wanting it for a fixed place

i.e. no regular change of position of

7
 dispenser and having a wall or back support for wall

mounting.

In this design an adhesive tapes can be used for consumers

who thinks there might be need for position changing at later

point of time and don’t want to use screw to avoid holes in

wall.

And other design includes mounting with screws it is suitable

for people having a fixed place for dispenser.

b. Stand based design : It is designed for those have regular

change in position of sanitizer dispenser or don’t have a back

ground support or wall where dispenser is placed.

3. A single piece design can be made using injection moulding or

compression moulding which means no need of welding, rivets

or heavy machinery.

1.5 APPLICATIONS

 The applications of the foot-operated sanitizer dispensers are so

vast that they can be placed upon any place with a heavy traffic of

people. Shopping malls, supermarkets, gas stations, parks, etc. are

8
 some places where the machines could be placed. Some of the

places which require immediate installation of these dispensers are:

 Hospitals – These dispensers should be placed at regular intervals

in the hospitals so as to prevent the spread of infections. Patients,

Doctors, Nurses, Staff members, Visitors, etc. would be

tremendously benefitted by this foot-operated sanitizer dispenser.

 Restaurants - These machines can be placed at the entrance of all

the restaurants, food chains, etc. People entering the restaurant will

have their hands sanitized and clean for food consumption by the

use of this machine. A dispenser can also be placed in the kitchen

of all restaurants for the chefs and waiters.

 Offices – The desks of the workers can be equipped with the foot-

operated dispensers. Also the meeting rooms, conference rooms,

can have these dispensers to avoid spreading of viruses.

 Schools / Colleges – All Educational institutions must have these

dispensers outside classrooms, in the cafeterias, near the

playgrounds, etc. as a large number of students visiting the campus

can easily contract viruses, infections from some infected students.

9
 Religious places- Religious shrines such as temples, church,

mosque, etc. consists of a large number of people visiting every

day. So these sands can be placed at the entrance of these places.

Also the modified stand can be used in this case which can even be

used in disinfecting the belongings of the people visiting these

places.

 Industries- A huge number of people work in various industries

around the world. Workers health is an important factor that affect

their effectiveness and hence their role in the industry. This

sanitizer dispenser would be effective in such case where

sanitization is necessarily required.

10
 CHAPTER 2 EXPERIMENTAL WORK
&
CALCULATIONS

2.1 Material strength

In most cases mild steel is used whose properties are as follows:-

Element Content
Carbon, C 0.14 - 0.20 %
Iron, Fe 98.81 - 99.26 % (as remainder)
Manganese, Mn 0.60 - 0.90 %
Phosphorous, P ≤ 0.040 %
Sulphur, S ≤ 0.050 %

Chemical Composition

Physical Properties
Physical Properties Metric Imperial
Density 7.87 g/cc 0.284 lb/in3

Mechanical Properties
Mechanical Properties Metric Imperial
Hardness, Brinell 126 126
Hardness, Knoop (Converted from Brinell hardness) 145 145
Hardness, Rockwell B (Converted from Brinell hardness) 71 71
Hardness, Vickers (Converted from Brinell hardness) 131 131
Tensile Strength, Ultimate 440 MPa 63800 psi
Tensile Strength, Yield 370 MPa 53700 psi
Elongation at Break (In 50 mm) 15.0 % 15.0 %
Reduction of Area 40.0 % 40.0 %
Modulus of Elasticity (Typical for steel) 205 GPa 29700 ksi
Bulk Modulus (Typical for steel) 140 GPa 20300 ksi
Machinability (Based on AISI 1212 steel. as 100% machinability) 70 % 70 %

11
Shear Modulus (Typical for steel) 80.0 GPa 11600 ksi

Properties of polycarbonate:-

Property Value

Dimensional Stability

Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion 7-9 x 10-5 /°C

Shrinkage 0.7-1%

Water Absorption 24 hours 0.1-0.2%

Electrical Properties

Arc Resistance 110-120sec

Dielectric Constant 2.8-3

Dielectric Strength 16-35 kV/mm

Dissipation Factor 69-100 x 10-4

Volume Resistivity 15-16 x 1015 Ohm.cm

Fire Performances

Fire Resistance (LOI) 24-35%

Flammability UL94 HB

Mechanical Properties

Elongation at Break 50-120%

Elongation at Yield 6-7%

Flexibility (Flexural Modulus) 2.2-2.5GPa

Hardness Rockwell M 70-90

Hardness Shore D 90-95

Stiffness (Flexural Modulus) 2.2-2.5GPa

12
Strength at Break (Tensile) 55-77MPa

Strength at Yield (Tensile) 61-69MPa

Toughness (Notched Izod Impact at

80-650J/m
Room Temperature)

Young Modulus 2.2-2.5GPa

Optical Properties

Haze 1%

13
Transparency (% Visible Light
88-89%
Transmission)

Physical Properties

Density 1.15-1.2g/cm3

Glass Transition Temperature 160-200°C

Radiation Resistance

Gamma Radiation Resistance Good

UV Light Resistance Fair

Service Temperature

HDT @0.46 Mpa (67 psi) 150-190°C

HDT @1.8 Mpa (264 psi) 140-180°C

Max Continuous Service Temperature 100-140°C

2.2 Spring stiffness

14
The spring plays a vital role of uplifting the lever after the applied
force is removed. It is important know what type of spring is to be
used in the system. To know about the spring the type we have to
know how much force is there be going to be applied on the paddle.
That can be calculated only after knowing the value of stiffness of the
spring used in the sanitizer bottle.

There are several ways to measure the spring stiffness one of them is
using universal testing machine(U.T.M.).

The experimental study was

carried out for design
validation. Physical testing
on the spring in compression
and tension is done. The
testing was done by 10 tonne
universal testing machine
along with load cell having
load carrying capacity 1000
kg as in figure.

Load
(N) Displacement (mm) Displacement Ultimate Strength Stiffness
Test Specimen
Approx. (%) (N/mm2) (N/mm)
Helical Compression
1090 220 51.93 43.77 21.08
Spring
Helical Tension Spring
902 40 217.64 63.56 4.47

Helical Compression Spring

Helical Tension Spring

Parameters Spring Rate (N/mm) Deflection Deflection (mm)

15
 (mm)
Spring Rate (N/mm)

Analytical Analysis 4.8642 185.4351

20.54 53.0512
4.47
Experimental Analysis 220 21.08 40

LEVER

SANITIZER
BOTTLE

SLOT FOR
BOTTLE HOLDER

BOTTLE HOLDER

16
 CHAPTER 3 RESULTS AND DISSCUSION

3.1 Product durability

Due to use of polycarbonate the final product is light and sturdy. It

does not need any welding or excessive parts. It is easy to use and the
slots given for 250 ml and 500 ml sanitizer bottle make it allrounder
product for any type of sanitizer accessible in market.

This foot-operated sanitizer dispenser is slowly but surely gaining

popularity all over the world. This machine boosts up the process of
sanitization. It is a frontline fighter against COVID-19. Also, due to
the low manufacturing and production cost of this product, it is easily
affordable by

owners of huge industries as well as by small shopkeepers. This

dispenser has seen a great market share these days. Many
manufacturing factories have started producing these machines as
they can be completely constructed from other industrial wastes,
benefitting the factories.

These dispensers increase the awareness about hand hygiene among

people and also contribute in creating a healthy environment for all.
The use of these foot-operated sanitizer dispensers will surely help in
reducing the number of COVID-19 positive patients.

SPRING FOR
LEVER

17
CHAPTER 4 REFERENCES

[1] Anushka Moharir, Vansh Porw Battling Covid-19 with Foot-Operated Sanitizer Dispenser
Stands International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)

[2] PROJECT PROFILE ON FOOT OPERATED SANITIZER DISPENSER MSME

Development Institute 65/1, GST Road, Guindy, Chennai-32

[3] Jane Lee Jia Jing, Thong Pei Yi, Rajendran J. C. Bose, Jason R. McCarthy, Nagendran
Tharmalingamand Thiagarajan Madheswaran - Hand Sanitizers: A Review on Formulation
Aspects, Adverse Effects, and Regulations [J] International Journal of Environmental
Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 3326

[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hand_sanitizer

[5] https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=9094

[6] https://www.raepak.com/springless-or-springed-dispensing-pumps/

[7]www.google.com

[8] ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF HELICAL SPRING- A

Technological Review International Journal of Management, Technology And Engineering
ISSN NO : 2249-7455

18