Visvesvaraya Technological University

“JNANA SANGAMA”, Belagavi - 590014

Technical Seminar on
“GREEN MANUFACTURING”
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the award of the
degree of
Bachelor of Engineering

Presented by
ANIKET.S.MADIWALAR
2JI20ME414
For the academic year 2022-23

Under the guidance of

PROF. VINAYAK NANNOJI
Assistant Professor,
Department of Mechanic Engineering
Jain College of Engineering Belagavi

JAIN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OFMECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Academic Year 2022-23
 Jain College of Engineering,
Belagavi.
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, affiliated to VTU Belagavi & Recognized by Govt. of
Karnataka)
Department of Mechanical Engineering

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the seminar entitled “GREEN MANUFACTURING” is submitted by

ANIKET.S.MADIWALAR(2JI20ME414) a bonafide student of Jain College of Engineering,
Belagavi in partial fulfilment for the award of Bachelorof Engineering in Mechanical Engineering
department affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the year 2022-23.
It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated have been incorporated in the report
deposited in the departmental library. The report has been approved as it satisfies the
academicrequirements in respect of seminar work prescribed for the said degree.

Internal Guide HOD Principal

Prof. VINAYAK NANNOJI Dr. B.V.HUBBALLI Dr. J SHIVAKUMAR

Name of the Examiners Signature with Date:

1.

2.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The satisfaction that accompanies the successful completion of this seminar

would be incomplete without the mention of the people who made it possible,
without whose constant guidance and encouragement would have made efforts go in
vain. I consider myself privileged to express gratitude and respect towards all those
who guided us through the completion of this seminar.

I convey thanks to my guide Prof. Vinayak Nannoji for providing

encouragement,constant support and guidance which was of a great help to complete
this seminar successfully.

I am grateful to Dr. B.V.HUBBALLI, Head of the Department for giving me the

support and encouragement that was necessary for the completion of this seminar.

I would also like to express my gratitude to Dr. J SHIVAKUMAR, Principal &

Director, Jain College of Engineering for providing us congenial environment to work
in.

ANIKET.S.MADIWALAR

2JI20ME414
 ABSTRACT

This report gives the survey of green manufacturing, what is green manufacturing
why it is needed and methods of green manufacturing that reduces the waste and
even pollution. This report focusses on the green design for environment of green
manufacturing system, energy conservation, development of product with less
wastage. The paper also highlights the use of green manufacturing to form a
sustainable product and to reuse the product, shorter life cycle. The main objective of
the green manufacturing is to save the environment and to reduce the cost of the
product.

In today’s world the e-waste the major issue, green technology is the application of
one or more of environmental science, green chemistry, environmental monitoring
and electronic devices to monitor, model and conserve the natural environment and
resources, and to curb the negative impacts of human involvement. The term is also
used to describe sustainable energy generation technologies such as photovoltaics,
wind turbines, bioreactors, Biofiltration, Bioremediation, Desalination etc. We don't
always have time, or take time, to learn more, read fine print, decipher complex
ingredients, and seek alternatives. The word "natural" has become an over-used and
inaccurately-used BUZZWORD in today's marketing; it's practically lost all value.
“A company that waste is a company that could be doing much better”
Many companies need to focus more on streamlining there process rather than trying
to make a quick dollar. Streamlining is a process through which a company
eliminates waste through its production process. A streamlined business is also able
to more accurately deliver its products. It avoids the common and serious problem of
over production that plagues so many businesses. Also maintaining a streamlining
appearance represents your company as on the “up and up”
Imagine a small amount of waste continuing over several years and you can see just
how much money and time can be lost. While recent pressure to become green may
have increased the desire of companies to waste less, they also want to decrease
waste to ensure greater profit margins. If something is sold at the same price but less
material, labor and effort is needed to produce it, then this is seen as a gain for the
company. While waste minimization for a company often requires an investment of
capital and time, it is almost always paid for with increased efficiency and more
goodwill towards the company as well.
Residuals can be reduced in manufacturing plants by three common methods.
They are reuse, remanufacture, and recycle. Reuse occurs when the component has
minor changes made before forming a part of the final product. Remanufacture,
results in considerable change in the component before it can be taken back into the
product. Recycle requires maximum transformation before it can be taken back into
the manufacturing cycle. Most of the times recycle involves out-of-industry treatment
for the component to be made useful. For example, printing may use recycled paper,
which becomes useful only after the paper has been reprocessed in paper mills. Thus,
reused, remanufactured and recycled components are taken back into conversion
process at different stages with recycled being taken back at the earliest phase of
production

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS
Certificate i
Acknowledgment ii
Abstract iii
Table of contents iv
List of tables & Figures v

Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 01
1.1

Chapter 2: LITRATURE SURVEY 03

Chapter 3: METHODOLOGY 05

Chapter 4: RECENT TRENDS 08

Chapter 5:
5.1 ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES 09

5.2 FUTURE SCOPE 10

Chapter 6: CONCLUSION 11

BIBLIOGRAPHY 12

iv
 List of Figures
Sl. No. Figure no. and description Page No.
1 Frame work green manufacturing 1
2 Why green manufacturing 2
3 Methodology 5
4 Green manufacturing is future 9

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JAIN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING , BELAGAVI

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

Green Manufacturing is a method for manufacturing that minimizes waste

and pollution achieved through product and process design. It slows the
depletion of natural resources as well as lowering the extensive amounts of
trash that enter landfills. Its emphasis is on reducing parts, rationalizing
materials, and reusing components, to help make products more efficient to
build.
Green Manufacturing is a philosophy rather than an adopted process
because it motivates ongoing improvement efforts even though it may be
impossible to achieve.It is a holistic endeavor intended to result in less
waste, cleaner products and processes, a better and safer working
environment, improved relationships between companies and local
communities, compliance with government regulations, and enhancement of
profitability and competitiveness.

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1.1

Why Green Manufacturing?

To answer the above question, one has to ask questions about the
Manufacturer’s Responsibilities, so as to, where does a manufacturer’s
responsibility end? What is an acceptable level of toxic emission?
The questions further lead to more questions to be answered, as to,
Responsibility, does it end at the sale? Does a customer's responsibility end
at the landfill when they are finished using the product?
Who should decide on the toxic level? The people that live in the
neighborhood of the government?
In the end no one really knows where anything stops and so therefore
companies and individuals must take it upon themselves to help eliminate
waste. They should not wait for it to become a law….......... So GO GREEN.
The recent climate disasters have put a perspective what we must do as a
citizen of the earth to tackle issues and undo the damage that has been
done for years. One of these methods is through sustainable manufacturing.

Recent disasters due to climate change.

 Flash floods in Indonesia 2020.
 Australian bushfires 2020.
 Flash floods in India assam 2022.
 Kerala floods 2018

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CHAPTER 2
LITRATURE SURVEY

1. Perminder Jit Singh, KS Sangwan in July 2011“Management

Commitment and Employee Empowerment in Environmentally
Conscious Manufacturing Implementation”
Investigated that commitment of management and empowerment of
employees boosts the implementation of mewer manufacturing
techniques
Concluded that collective effort of upper management, middle
management and empowered can lead to implementation of
environmentally conscious manufacturing (ECM)

2. Dr. Devi K. Kalla et.al [4], in the year 2012 have studied “Infusing A
Sustainable Green Manufacturing Course into
Manufacturing/Mechanical Engineering Technology Program”
Sustainable green manufacturing encompasses the concept of
combining technical
issues of design and manufacturing with energy conservation and other
things.
Concluded that they had no doubt over sustainable GM will continue to
be developing being a benefit to the society and improving environment
in many ways.

3. David Alan Dornfeld [5], in December 2013 has studied “Moving

Towards Green and Sustainable Manufacturing”
Investigated the pressing need of energy, water and resources
conservation worldwide is a major engineering challenge.
Concluded that process, machine factory, system, and enterprise
contribute to bring sustainability to the manufacturing process.

4. Abhijeet Bhowmik in the year 2020 studied “Green Manufacturing a

new way to industrial development”
In this review paper we discussed various green manufacturing
technologies how green manufacturing can be implemented to various
units of any industry to have a sustainable development of industry keep
environmental impact in mind. Further, it paves a path for the
development of green manufacturing methodologies which are industry

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specific so that it can cater the requirement as per the need of the
industry in long term basis

5. Minhaj Ahmed.A. Rehman et.al [6], in the year 2013 has studied
“Validating Green Manufacturing (GM) Framework for Sustainable
Development in an Indian Steel Industry”
They have conducted a case study on an industry implementing green
manufacturing and its impact on organizational performance.
Concluded that GM approach can be used to benchmark company’s
continuous improvement, self asses their quality improvement efforts
and measure their success

6. Varinder kumar Mittal et.al [7], in the year 2014 studied “Prioritizing
Barriers to Green Manufacturing: Environmental, Social and
Economic Perspectives”
They investigated those emerging countries (Developing) having limited
source has to prioritize barriers that are responsible for implementing
green manufacturing. Three prescriptive like environmental, social and
economic are prioritized using fuzzy TOPSIS model
Concluded that lack of awareness/information, technological risk and
weak legislation are three important barriers to green manufacturing.

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CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

 Companies move from traditional end-of-pipe control to new

technologies. Examples of new
technologies would be things like pollution prevention, production
process modernization, materials substitution. etc.

 End-Of-Life Management
End of life management is the full life cycle starting from the virgin
materials to the use and disposal of the final product.

 Waste source reduction on the spot & Recycling.

Global environmental standards like ISO 14000 are being introduced
that emphasize management systems that address environmental
concerns, operations that consider energy and natural resource
consumption, and systems for measuring, assessing and managing
waste streams. Reduction of wastage has also helped in the cost
reduction in the long-term perspective. Wastage reduction directly deals
with the minimization of residuals. Any manufacturing process produces

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residuals and/or generates wastage. Residuals are normally different

from the input resources, while wastage is the superfluous resources,
which could not be tapped into the transformation process.

 Virgin Materials are recycled

Virgin materials can be recycled through the process of distillation and
filtering. The distilled or filtered materials could be reintroduced in the
life cycle wherever new materials aren't required.

 Invest in production process improvements rather than control

technology. Corporate
companies spent $7.2 billion in pollution abatement and control
expenditure of which $3.2 billion were on production process
enhancement.

 Advanced manufacturing systems promotes green design and

production strategies.
Manufacturing systems promotes green design because both strategies
are based on the dedication to product improvement, cost reduction, and
technology innovation.

 Development of innovative manufacturing systems.

Improving the manufacturing system simultaneously minimizes cost
connected with environmental compliance.

 Reduction in “leapfrogging from lily pad to lily pad.” (Bergstrom, 50)

Leapfrogging from lily-to-lily pad means not to jump on every chemical
that initially describes itself as more environmentally safe but later on it
creates even more problems than the original material.

 Substitute renewable sources for finite ones.

Substituting renewable sources for finite ones might not be completely
safe as found in a study between petroleum and plants. The study
concluded that even though plants could be used as a substitute the cost
in the end might be more and more environmentally dangerous.
(Gerngross, Daily University Science News)

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 Funding research facilities.

Companies can fund researches that includes finding substitute
chemicals and materials that will eliminate pollution at the top.

 Companies must decide whether to make-or-buy.

Little things like recycling paper and soda cans can reduce a lot of waste
cost. Companies that produce materials can decide whether or not they
want to contract another company to make certain parts because those
companies might have better equipment and higher vertical control
technology.

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CHAPTER 4
RECENT TRENDS

Some of the recent trends in green manufacturing are given below:

 Carbon Sinks:
These technologies enable capturing and storing CO2 in ways such that
it does not enter the atmosphere.
 Efficient Fuels:
This category encompasses a class of technologies that uses cleaner fuels
for generating power, such as biogas, LPG, electricity, ethanol, natural
gas.
 Consumer green:
This involves using clean and efficient fuels at the user end solutions
covering demand side management.
 Green transportation:
This category deals with use of sustainable energy for transportation
such as electric vehicles, use of bio diesel etc.,
 Industry Efficiency:
This category refers to the use of green production methods and
technologies in traditional industries to increase efficiency.

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CHAPTER 5
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
Advantages of Green Manufacturing are as follows:
 Waste reduction.
 Most sophisticated recycling processes,
 Less air pollution
 Less water pollution
 Protection of our natural resource.
 Reduction in level of smog produced by an industry.
 Slowing down climate changes.
 Less particle pollution
 Mitigation of water pollution
 Promotes Research and Design.
 Creates a great reputation to the public

Disadvantages of Green Manufacturing are as follows:

 May need significant initial investment.

 The process is time consuming.
 Organic products are comparatively expensive.
 Increase in production cost.
 Process requires skillful employees to succeed.

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FUTURE SCOPE

 Fuel is the major issue in the world, the fuel used in our day-to-day life
is nonrenewable and it will get finish soon because of this the need of
new fuel is necessary. The only hope is Renewable energy i.e., solar,
wind, tidal, bio diesel etc. which are green products.
 Water purification is another issue of human life as water is our most
important need but due to population and due to chemical process, the
water is not hygiene for drink. Green manufacturing reduces the waste
by recycling or re using them, this can over come the water pollution
issue faced due to industrial waste.
 Air purification, the Basic and common green plants can be grown
indoors to keep air fresh because all plants remove CO2 and convert it
into oxygen. Due to this the air pollution will reduce and the life on earth
will get the more oxygen and less CO2. The air pollution can directly
contaminate the surface of bodies of water and soil, green manufacturing
would reduce the air pollution.
 Green manufacturing can significantly reduce landfill waste. For
example, since steel can be recycled and repurposed into entirely new
products, less waste steel is deposited into landfills, and damage from
harmful chemicals leaching into the water supply is reduced.
 The idea of green technology will help individuals conserve the earth's
renewable and nonrenewable resources. Along with this, its aim is to
reduce negative impacts on the environment caused by human activity,
such as pollution and global warming.
 Green manufacturing and sustainability will reduce costs in several
ways, packaging costs money and is often wasteful. Simplified packaging
creates sustainable cost savings. Harmful waste products such as
emissions and toxic byproducts are eliminated.
 Energy conservation would become easy by adapting green
manufacturing.

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CHAPTER 6
CONCLUSION

In this report we discussed various green manufacturing technologies how

green manufacturing can be implemented to various units of any industry
to have a sustainable development of industry keep environmental impact in
mind. Further, it paves a path for the development of green manufacturing
methodologies which are industry specific so that it can cater the
requirement as per the need of the industry in long term basis. For better
utilization of green manufacturing, involvement of all the departments in the
industry should be there. Green manufacturing promotes innovative design,
green manufacturing saves cost but more importantly it saves valuable
resources.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

 Extending the horizons: environmental excellence as key to improving

operations. Manufacturing and Service Operations Management 8 (1), 5–
22, Corbett, C.J., Klassen, R.D., 2006.
 A Review of Engineering Dechant, K., Altman, B., 1994. Environmental
leadership: from compliance to competitive advantage. Academy of
Management Executive 8 (2), 7–20, David A. Dornfeld, I. S. Jawahir,
Andres F. Clarens,
 “Fighting the Good Fight at Northrop,” Manufacturing Management,
v103, Nov1991, Bergstrom, Robin.
 “On Giving Due Thought to Afterthought,” Manufacturing Management,
v103, Nov1991, Bergstrom, Robin.
 “The move to environmentally conscious manufacturing,” California
Management, vol39no1, Fall 1996, Florida, Richard,
 “Green Manufacturing can be worse for environment,” Daily University
Science News, Aug 24, 1999, Gerngross, Tillman.

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