Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Online Lesson
Topic: Team sports (Basketball and Volleyball)
Learning Targets:
At the end of the lesson, I can:
1. Interpret terminologies commonly use during basketball and volleyball game
2. Show keenness in observing the officials of the game
3. Draw and label the court dimension of basketball and volleyball
References/Materials:
Gialogo, R. & Gialogo, R.(2016). Fit for life: The K to 12 Physical Education and Health
Textbook
Gonzalo, R. Jr. (2016). Physical Education and Health for Senior High School.
Callo, L. & Dajime, P. (2016). Physical education and health. Volume 1
https://armyandnavyacademy.org/blog/beyond-physical-fitness-the-benefits-of-playing-team-sports/
https://www.britannica.com/sports/basketball/U-S-high-school-and-college-basketball
https://www.google.com/search?q=volleyball+scoring+board&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjCjPHRtPDtAhVN9pQKHTbRAEc
Q2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=scoring+board+vol&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgYIABAIEB46BAgAEEM6BwgAELEDEEM6BQgAELE
DOgIIADoECAAQHjoECAAQEzoGCAAQHhATULjpM1iMsTRggMA0aANwAHgAgAGHAYgBvRCSAQQyLjE4mAEAoAEB
qgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWfAAQE&sclient=img&ei=1avpX4LOJc3s0wS2ooO4BA&bih=913&biw=1920#imgrc=Fj3skTgx7zgsp
M
https://www.google.com/search?q=volleyball+ball&sxsrf=ALeKk019Lf-SA_8aDII-
UHa9kGaMT0NZtQ:1609149394720&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjm7L_QtPDtAhVFfd4KHXu7Dd8Q_A
UoAXoECCAQAw&biw=1920&bih=913#imgrc=nwfx2y8Li4fLUM&imgdii=BR1vcBaOp_LaEM
https://www.liveabout.com/types-of-volleyball-serves-3428919
https://www.teamusa.org/USA-Volleyball/SportKit/Players/Guide-to-volleyball-basics/Official-Hand-Signals
https://mba.org.mt/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/FIBA-Signals-September-2018.pdf
2021.01.18 1:04:20 AM
Module No. 2
I. Topic: Team sports (Basketball and Volleyball)
II. Learning Targets:
At the end of the lesson, I can:
1. Interpret terminologies commonly use during basketball and volleyball game
2. Show keenness in observing the officials of the game
3. Draw and label the court dimension of basketball and volleyball
III. Introduction/Review/Content:
A significant body of research has found that in addition to the obvious improved physical health
sports play a positive role in supporting youth development, leading to improved academic
achievement, fewer behavioral problems, better psychosocial health, and more. In fact, almost every
study reveals benefits in competence, character, confidence, and other critical components of positive
development. Because of this, it’s clear that the various facets of playing sports, from the discipline of
training to the balance provided by teamwork, could provide lifelong skills for athletes.
It’s clear that the hard work and determination that goes into learning and playing a team sport
teaches young adults the value of crucial concepts such as cooperation, socialization, and leadership.
In a sports scenario, Cadets can simply put their differences aside and cooperate for the greater good
of the team. At the same time, the act of playing sports as a team encourages socialization, helping
students to form deeper bonds with their peers over a shared passion.
Basketball, game played between two teams of five players each on a rectangular court, usually
indoors. Each team tries to score by tossing the ball through the opponent’s goal, an elevated
horizontal hoop and net called a basket. The only major sport strictly of U.S. origin, basketball was
invented by James Naismith (1861–1939) on or about December 1, 1891, at the International Young
Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) Training School (now Springfield
College), Springfield, Massachusetts, where Naismith was an instructor in physical education.
Equipment
The only essential equipment in a basketball game is the ball and the court: a flat, rectangular surface
with baskets at opposite ends. Competitive levels require the use of more equipment such as clocks,
score sheets, scoreboard(s), alternating possession arrows, and whistle-operated stop-clock
systems.
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The basket is a steel rim 18 inches (46 cm) diameter with an attached net affixed to a backboard that
measures 6 by 3.5 feet (1.8 by 1.1 meters) and one basket is at each end of the court. The white
outlined box on the backboard is 18 inches (46 cm) high and 2 feet (61 cm) wide. At almost all levels
of competition, the top of the rim is exactly 10 feet (3.05 meters) above the court and 4 feet (1.22
meters) inside the baseline.
The size of the basketball is also regulated. For men, the official ball is 29.5 inches (75 cm) in
circumference (size 7, or a "295 ball") and weighs 22 oz (623.69 grams). If women are playing, the
official basketball size is 28.5 inches (72 cm) in circumference (size 6, or a "285 ball") with a weight of
20 oz (567 grams).
Violations - The ball may be advanced toward the basket by being shot, passed between players,
thrown, tapped, dribbled (bouncing the ball while running).
The ball must stay within the court; the last team to touch the ball before it travels out of bounds
forfeits possession. The ball is out of bounds if it touches a boundary line, or touches any player or
object that is out of bounds.
There are limits placed on the steps a player may take without dribbling, the ball may not be kicked,
nor be struck with the fist. For the offense, a violation of these rules results in loss of possession;
There are limits imposed on the time taken before progressing the ball past halfway (8 seconds)
before attempting a shot (24 seconds), holding the ball while closely guarded (5 seconds), and
remaining in the restricted area known as the free-throw lane, (or the "key") (3 seconds). These rules
are designed to promote more offense.
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Fouls - An attempt to unfairly disadvantage an opponent through certain types of physical contact is
illegal and is called a personal foul. These are most commonly committed by defensive players;
however, they can be committed by offensive players as well. Players who are fouled either receive
the ball to pass inbounds again, or receive one or more free throws if they are fouled in the act of
shooting. The referee is responsible for judging whether contact is illegal, sometimes resulting in
controversy.
If a player is fouled while attempting a shot and the shot
is unsuccessful, the player is awarded a number of free
throws equal to the value of the attempted shot. If a
player is fouled while attempting a shot and the shot is
successful, typically the player will be awarded one
additional free throw for one point. In combination with a
regular shot, this is called a "three-point play" or "four-
point play".
Common techniques and practices
Positions - Although the rules do not specify any
positions whatsoever, they have evolved as part of
basketball. During the early years of basketball's
evolution, two guards, two forwards, and one center were
used
Point guard (often called the "1"): usually the fastest player on the team organizes the team's offense
by controlling the ball and making sure that it gets to the right player at the right time.
Shooting guard (the "2"): creates a high volume of shots on offense, mainly long-ranged; and guards
the opponent's best perimeter player on defense.
Small forward (the "3": often primarily responsible for scoring points via cuts to the basket and dribble
penetration; on defense seeks rebounds and steals, but sometimes plays more actively.
Power forward (the "4"): plays offensively often with their back to the basket; on defense, plays under
the basket (in a zone defense) or against the opposing power forward (in man-to-man defense).
Center (the "5"): uses height and size to score (on offense), to protect the basket closely (on
defense), or to rebound.
The above descriptions are flexible. For most teams today, the shooting guard and small forward
have very similar responsibilities and are often called the wings, as do
the power forward and center, who are often called post players.
Strategy - There are two main defensive strategies: zone
defense and man-to-man defense. In a zone defense, each player is
assigned to guard a specific area of the court. Zone defenses often
allow the defense to double team the ball, a manoeuver known as
a trap. In a man-to-man defense, each defensive player guards a
specific opponent.
Shooting - Shooting is the act of attempting to score points by
throwing the ball through the basket, methods varying with players and
situations.
Typically, a player faces the basket with both feet facing the basket. A
player will rest the ball on the fingertips of the dominant hand (the
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shooting arm) slightly above the head, with the other hand supporting the side of the ball. The ball is
usually shot by jumping (though not always) and extending the shooting arm. The shooting arm, fully
extended with the wrist fully bent, is held stationary for a moment following the release of the ball,
known as a follow-through. The ideal trajectory of the shot is somewhat controversial, but generally a
proper arc is recommended. Players may shoot directly into the basket or may use the backboard to
redirect the ball into the basket.
Rebounding - The objective of rebounding is to successfully
gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or
free throw, as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard. This
plays a major role in the game, as most possessions end
when a team misses a shot. There are two categories of
rebounds: offensive rebounds, in which the ball is recovered
by the offensive side and does not change possession, and
defensive rebounds, in which the defending team gains
possession of the loose ball. The majority of rebounds are
defensive, as the team on defense tends to be in better
position to recover missed shots.
Passing - A pass is a method of moving the ball
between players. Most passes are accompanied by a
step forward to increase power and are followed
through with the hands to ensure accuracy.
A staple pass is the chest pass. The ball is passed
directly from the passer's chest to the receiver's chest.
A proper chest pass involves an outward snap of the
thumbs to add velocity and leaves the defense little
time to react.
Another type of pass is the bounce pass. Here, the
passer bounces the ball crisply about two-thirds of the
way from his own chest to the receiver. The ball strikes
the court and bounces up toward the receiver.
The overhead pass is used to pass the ball over a
defender. The ball is released while over the passer's
head.
The crucial aspect of any good pass is it being difficult to intercept.
Good passers can pass the ball with great accuracy and they
know exactly where each of their other teammates prefers to
receive the ball. A special way of doing this is passing the ball
without looking at the receiving teammate. This is called a no-look
pass.
1 finger, 'flag' from wrist 2 fingers, 'flag' from wrist 3 fingers extended One arm: Attempt Botharms:Successful
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SUBSTITUTION SHOT CLOCK RESET DIRECTION OF PLAY HELD BALL/JUMP BALL
OR OUT OF BOUND SITUATION
Cross forearms Rotate hand, Point in direction of play, Thumbs up, then point in direction of play
extend index finger arm parallel to sidelines using the alternating possession arrow
Wave clenched fists Form T, showing palms Grasp wrist upward Clenched fist in direction of play,
on both hands arms parallel to sideline
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3 SECONDS 5 SECONDS 8 SECONDS
Fingers touch shoulder Wave arm front of body Point to the foot
One arm with clenched fist, One arm with clenched fist,
followed by indicationof thenumbers offreethrows followed by pointing to the floor
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HOLDING PUSHING ILLEGAL USE OF HANDS ILLEGAL CONTACT
Grasp wrist downward Imitate pushing Strike wrist Strike the palm towards the other forearm
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possession of the service; the next time each player rotates will
be after the other team wins possession of the ball and loses the
point.
The ball - FIVB regulations state that the ball must be spherical,
made of leather or synthetic leather, have a circumference of
65–67 cm, a weight of 260–280 g and an inside pressure of
0.30–0.325 kg/cm2.Other governing bodies have similar
regulations.
Gameplay - Each team consists of six players. To get play started, a team is chosen to serve by coin
toss. A player from the serving team throws the ball into the air and attempts to hit the ball so it
passes over the net on a course such that it will land in the opposing team's court (the serve).The
opposing team must use a combination of no more than three
contacts with the volleyball to return the ball to the opponent's
side of the net. These contacts usually consist first of
the bump or pass so that the ball's trajectory is aimed towards the
player designated as the setter; second of the set (usually an
over-hand pass using wrists to push finger-tips at the ball) by the
setter so that the ball's trajectory is aimed towards a spot where
one of the players designated as an attacker can hit it, and third
by the attacker who spikes (jumping, raising one arm above the
head and hitting the ball so it will move quickly down to the ground
on the opponent's court) to return the ball over the net.
The game continues in this manner, rallying back and forth until the ball touches the court within the
boundaries or until an error is made.The most frequent errors that are made are either to fail to return
the ball over the net within the allowed three touches, or to cause the ball to land outside the court. A
ball is "in" if any part of it touches the inside of a team's court or a sideline or end-line, and a strong
spike may compress the ball enough when it lands that a ball which at first appears to be going out
may actually be in Other common errors include a player touching the ball twice in succession, a
player "catching" the ball, a player touching the net while attempting to play the ball, or a player
penetrating under the net into the opponent's court.
Scoring - A point is scored when the ball contacts the floor within the court boundaries or when an
error is made: when the ball strikes one team's side of the court, the other team gains a point; and
when an error is made, the team that did not make the error is awarded a point, in either case paying
no regard to whether they served the ball or not. If any part of the ball hits the line, the ball is counted
as in the court. The team that won the point serves for the next point. If the team that won the point
served in the previous point, the same player serves again. If the team that won the point did not
serve the previous point, the players of the team acquiring the serve rotate their position on the court
in a clockwise manner. The game continues, with the first team to score 25 points by a two-point
margin awarded the set. Matches are best-of-five sets and the fifth set, if necessary, is usually played
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to 15 points. (Scoring differs between
leagues, tournaments, and levels; high
schools sometimes play best-of-three to 25; in
the NCAA matches are played best-of-five to
25 as of the 2008 season.)
Before 1999, points could be scored only
when a team had the serve (side-out scoring)
and all sets went up to only 15 points. The
FIVB changed the rules in 1999 (with the
changes being compulsory in 2000) to use the
current scoring system (formerly known
as rally point system), primarily to make the
length of the match more predictable and to
make the game more spectator- and
television-friendly.
Serve - A player stands behind the inline and serves the ball, in an attempt to drive it into the
opponent's court. The main objective is to make it land inside the court; it is also desirable to set the
ball's direction, speed and acceleration so that it becomes difficult for the receiver to handle it
properly.
Underhand Serve - This serve is used mainly in recreational volleyball. It does not require the level
of skill or coordination that the other types of serves do. With one foot stepped back, you hold the ball
in your opposite hand. Then with your other hand fisted, shift your weight forward and hit the ball just
below the center (or equator) of the ball.
Overhand Serves - In high school and college competitive volleyball, the overhand serves are most
common, and the two main overhand, or overhead, serves are the topspin and the float.
For all overhand serves, you start with your dominant-side foot back and the ball held extended in
your non-dominant hand. Then you toss the ball up in front of you hitting hand. How you hit it
depends on the type of overhand serve you want to create. The biggest difference between the types
of overhand serves is the server's body position, where contact is made on the ball, and the follow-
through.
Topspin - A topspin serve does exactly that—spins rapidly forward from the top. This serve has a
much more predictable movement than a floater, but can be difficult to handle because of its quick
speed and difficult to pass because it drops rapidly. To serve topspin, you toss the ball a little higher,
step under the toss, and strike the ball underneath, toward the top of the back in a down and outward
motion. The arm follows all the way through with a wrist snap.
Passing - Also called reception, the pass is the attempt by a team to properly handle the opponent's
serve or any form of attack. Proper handling includes not only
preventing the ball from touching the court but also making it reaches
the position where the setter is standing quickly and precisely.
The skill of passing involves fundamentally two specific techniques:
underarm pass, or bump, where the ball touches the inside part of the
joined forearms or platform, at waistline; and overhand pass, where it is
handled with the fingertips, like a set, above the head. Either
acceptable in professional and beach volleyball; however, there are
much tighter regulations on the overhand pass in beach volleyball.
When a player passes a ball to their setter, it's ideal that the ball does not have a lot of spin to make it
easier for the setter.
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Set - The set is usually the second contact that a team makes with the ball. The main goal of setting
is to put the ball in the air in such a way that it can be driven by an attack into the opponent's court.
The setter coordinates the offensive movements of a team, and is the player who ultimately decides
which player will actually attack the ball.
As with passing, one may distinguish between an overhand and a bump
set. Since the former allows for more control over the speed and
direction of the ball, the bump is used only when the ball is so low it
cannot be properly handled with fingertips or in beach volleyball where
rules regulating overhand setting are more stringent. In the case of a
set, one also speaks of a front or back set, meaning whether the ball is
passed in the direction the setter is facing or behind the setter. There is
also a jump set that is used when the ball is too close to the net. In this
case, the setter usually jumps off their right foot straight up to avoid
going into the net. The setter usually stands about ⅔ of the way from
the left to the right of the net and faces the left (the larger portion of net
that he or she can see).
Blocking - Blocking refers to the actions taken by players standing at the net to stop or alter an
opponent's attack.
A block that is aimed at completely stopping an attack, thus making the ball remain in the opponent's
court, is called offensive. A well-executed offensive block is performed by jumping and reaching to
penetrate with one's arms and hands over the net and into the opponent's area. It requires
anticipating the direction the ball will go once the attack takes place. It may also require calculating
the best footwork to executing the "perfect" block.
The jump should be timed so as to intercept the ball's trajectory prior to it crossing over the plane of
the net. Palms are held deflected downward roughly 45–60
degrees toward the interior of the opponents' court. A "roof"
is a spectacular offensive block that redirects the power and
speed of the attack straight down to the attacker's floor as if
the attacker hit the ball into the underside of a peaked house
roof.
By contrast, it is called a defensive or "soft" block if the goal
is to control and deflect the hard-driven ball up so that it
slows down and becomes easier to defend. A well-executed
soft-block is performed by jumping and placing one's hands
above the net with no penetration into the opponent's court
and with the palms up and fingers pointing backwards.
Blocking is also classified according to the number of players
involved. Thus, one may speak of single (or solo), double, or
triple block.
Successful blocking does not always result in a "roof" and many times does not even touch the ball.
While it is obvious that a block was a success when the attacker is roofed, a block that consistently
forces the attacker away from their 'power' or preferred attack into a more easily controlled shot by
the defense is also a highly successful block.
At the same time, the block position influences the positions where other defenders place themselves
while opponent hitters are spiking.
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Volleyball Referee Hand Signals
The following contains descriptions of the Official FIVB (International Volleyball Federation)
Referee’s hand signals that we will be using. It is easy and well worth the effort for any player to
learn these basic hand signals. Basics to remember are:
All one-handed signals are made with the hand toward the side of the team which made the
error or request
Immediately after a rally is over, the hand signal “Team to Serve” and a point is always
indicated FIRST to the team who earned the next service and point
Next, the hand signal explaining the reason why (or what the game/ball fault is) is indicated
HAND SIGNALS
1. Move the hand to indicate the direction of service 2. Extend the arm to the side of the team that will serve
3. Raise the forearms front and back and twist them 4. Place the palm of one hand over the fingers of the
around the body other,
held vertically (forming a "T") and then indicate the
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requesting team
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9. Cross the forearms in front of the chest, hands 10. Life the extended arm, the palm of the hand facing
open upwards
11. Raise eight fingers, spread open 12. Raise both arms vertically, palms forward
13. Make a circular motion with the forefinger 14. Point the arm and fingers toward the floor
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15. Raise the forearms vertically, hands open, palms 16. Slowly lift the forearm, palm of the hand facing
toward the body upwards
17. Raise two fingers, spread open 18. Raise four fingers, spread open
19. Indicate the respective side of the net 20. Place a hand above the net, palm facing downwards
21. Make a downward motion with the forearm, hand 22. Point to the center line or to the respective line
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open
24. Brush with the palm of one hand the fingers of the
other, held
23. Raise both thumbs vertically vertically. USAV: Brush fingers of opposite hand once
over palm of
vertical hand
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Lines 3. Raise flag and touch the top with the palm of Lines 5. Raise and cross both arms and hands in front
the free hand of the chest
BASKETBALL COURT
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VOLLEYBALL COURT
V. Enrichment:
MULTIPLE CHOICES. Read each item carefully and write the letter that corresponds to the
correct answer on the space provided. Write your answer in CAPITAL LETTER. (10 points)
1. What happens if a player fails to dribble while in moving with the ball?
A. Possession is given to the opposing team
B. Nothing
C. The player is sent back to his own end
D. Kiss the referee
3. How many players are allowed on the court for each team?
A. 4 B. 5
C. 6 D. 7
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4. For how long is each team allowed to stay in possession of the ball before they must shoot?
A. 10 seconds B. 20 Seconds
C. 24 Seconds D. 35 Seconds
9. Which of these is the international governing body for all forms of volleyball?
A. NORCECA B. FIVB
C. CE D. FIVA
10. How does the referee know if the ball is in or out of line?
A. Instant replays B. Line judges
C. Watching D. Players say
VI. References/Materials:
Gialogo, R. & Gialogo, R.(2016). Fit for life: The K to 12 Physical Education and Health
Textbook
Gonzalo, R. Jr. (2016). Physical Education and Health for Senior High School.
Callo, L. & Dajime, P. (2016). Physical education and health. Volume 1
https://armyandnavyacademy.org/blog/beyond-physical-fitness-the-benefits-of-playing-team-sports/
https://www.britannica.com/sports/basketball/U-S-high-school-and-college-basketball
https://www.google.com/search?q=volleyball+scoring+board&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjCjPHRtPDtA
hVN9pQKHTbRAEcQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=scoring+board+vol&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgYIABAIEB46BAgAEEM6BwgAEL
EDEEM6BQgAELEDOgIIADoECAAQHjoECAAQEzoGCAAQHhATULjpM1iMsTRggMA0aANwAHgAg
AGHAYgBvRCSAQQyLjE4mAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWfAAQE&sclient=img&ei=1avpX4LOJc3
s0wS2ooO4BA&bih=913&biw=1920#imgrc=Fj3skTgx7zgspM
https://www.google.com/search?q=volleyball+ball&sxsrf=ALeKk019Lf-SA_8aDII-
UHa9kGaMT0NZtQ:1609149394720&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjm7L_QtPDtAhV
Ffd4KHXu7Dd8Q_AUoAXoECCAQAw&biw=1920&bih=913#imgrc=nwfx2y8Li4fLUM&imgdii=BR1vcB
aOp_LaEM
https://www.liveabout.com/types-of-volleyball-serves-3428919
2021.01.18 1:04:20 AM
https://www.teamusa.org/USA-Volleyball/SportKit/Players/Guide-to-volleyball-basics/Official-Hand-
Signals
https://mba.org.mt/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/FIBA-Signals-September-2018.pdf
2021.01.18 1:04:20 AM