KRM-VP/SESSION:2020-21/CLASSVI/SUBJECT: SCIENCE/WS 5

TOPIC: SEPARATION OF SUBSTANCE

Now answer some questions based on the above topic

Q1- Define the following:

a. Evaporation
b. Condensation
c. Saturated solution
d. Solution
Q2- Why do we need to separate different components of a mixture? Give an example
OR
Why do we need to separate substance?
Q3- What kind of impurities can be separated by sieving?
Q4- Why can we not use handpicking for separating salt and sand?
Q5- Explain the following methods of separation of substance:
a) Handpicking b) Threshing
c) Sieving d) Winnowing

Q6- How is cream separated from milk?

Q7- How is pure salt obtained from sea water?
Q8- Explain the different methods of separating insoluble solids from liquids?
Q9- How will you separate the mixture of salt, pulses and sand?

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Q10- Name methods used of separating:
a) insoluble solids from liquids
b) soluble solids from liquids
c) pebbles and small stones from sand
d) butter from milk

Answer key:

Ans1a. Evaporation – The process of converting a liquid into its vapour on heating is called
evaporation.
b . Condensation – The process of converting a vapour into liquid on cooling is called
condensation.
c. Saturated solution – A solution in which no more of solute can be dissolved in the given
amount of water is called saturated solution.
d. Solution- A solution is prepared by dissolving a substance in a liquid .

Ans2. 1. To remove the undesirable or harmful components.

2. To remove the impurities and getting a pure substance.
Examples:
Tea leaves separated from tea.
Milk is churned to separate butter.

Ans3. Solid impurities which are different in size are separated by sieving.

Ans4. Salt is soluble in water and handpicking method is used to separate solid substance.

Ans 5. Handpicking- This method is used to separate undesirable solid components from useful
substance. It is usually used when solid mixtures of different colours, shapes and sizes are to be
separated from the given mixtures.

Sieving- This method is used to separate components which are of different sizes with the help of
a sieve. The fine components pass through the sieve and bigger components remain on the sieve.
Sieving is done at construction site to separate pebbles from sand.

Threshing- The process of separating grains from stalk is called threshing. In this process the
stalks beaten to free the grain seeds. It can be done by machines or with the help of bullocks.

Winnowing- In this process the lighter components of a mixture are separated from heavier ones
by wind. It is used by farmers to remove husk from grains.

Ans6. We can separate cream from milk through the process of filtration. The milk will pass through
the strainer and cream will be separated as a solid on the top of the strainer.

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 Ans7. Sea water is allowed to stand in shallow pits, water gets heated by sunlight and slowly turns
into water vapour. In few days water evaporates completely leaving the salt behind.

Ans8. The methods of separating insoluble solids from liquid are:-

1. Sedimentation- In this process heavier components of an insoluble solid settle in a liquid.

The solid particle called sediment settles down forming a layer at the bottom. The liquid
above the sediment is called a supernatant.
2. Decantation- In this process the clear supernatant liquid is poured into another vessel
without disturbing the sediment.
3. Filtration- The process in which insoluble solid is separated from a liquid by using a
filtering device (filter paper).

Ans9 1 Sieving- When a mixture is passed through a sieve, pulses will remain on the sieve and salt
and sand being smaller than the size of the hole of the sieve will pass down.

2. Sedimentation- Dissolve the mixture of sand and salt in water. Salt will dissolve but sand
will settle down at the bottom.

3. Filtration- Now pass the mixture of sand, salt and water through a filter paper. Sand will
be collected on the filter paper.

4. Evaporation- Heat the solution, water will evaporate and salt will be left behind.

Ans10- a) Sedimentation, Decantation, Filtration

b) Evaporation, Condensation

c) Sieving

d) Churning

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