ME331 Thermodynamics: PS #4 Solutions

Numeric 1:
Steam enters a steady-flow turbine with a mass flow rate of 13 kg/s at 600°C, 8 MPa, and a
negligible velocity. The steam expands in the turbine to a saturated vapor at 300 kPa where 10
percent of the steam is removed for some other use. The remainder of the steam continues to
expand to the turbine exit where the pressure is 10 kPa and quality is 85 percent. If the turbine is
adiabatic, determine the rate of work done by the steam during the process. (In MW)

ANS.:17.8MW
Numeric 2:
Refrigerant-134a is throttled from the saturated liquid state at 700 kPa to a pressure of 160 kPa.
Determine final specific volume of the refrigerant. In m3/kg.
ANS.:0.0345
Numeric 3:
A stream of refrigerant- 134a at 1 MPa and 20°C is mixed with another stream at 1 MPa and
80°C. If the mass flow rate of the cold stream is twice that of the hot one, determine the
temperature of the exit stream. Put in the temperature as answer. In °C.

ANS.: 39.37
Numeric 4:
Refrigerant- 134a at 1 MPa and 90°C is to be cooled to 1 MPa and 30°C in a condenser by air.
The air enters at 100 kPa and 27°C with a volume flow rate of 600 m3/ min and leaves at 95 kPa
and 60°C. Determine the mass flow rate of the refrigerant. In Kg/min.
ANS.:100kg/min
Numeric 5:
Hot exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine are to be used to produce saturated water
vapor at 2 MPa pressure. The exhaust gases enter the heat exchanger at 400°C at a rate of 32 kg/
min while water enters at 15°C. The heat exchanger is not well insulated, and it is estimated that
10 percent of heat given up by the exhaust gases is lost to the surroundings. If the mass flow rate
of the exhaust gases is 15 times that of the water, determine the rate of heat transfer to the water.
Use the constant specific heat properties of air for the exhaust gases. Put in rate of heat transfer
as answer, in kW.
ANS.:97.26kW
Numeric 6:
A 4m X 5m X 6m room is to be heated by an electric resistance heater placed in a short duct in the
room. Initially, the room is at 15°C, and the local atmospheric pressure is 98 kPa. The room is
losing heat steadily to the outside at a rate of 150 kJ/ min. A 200- W fan circulates the air
steadily through the duct and the electric heater at an average mass flow rate of 40 kg/ min. The
duct can be assumed to be adiabatic, and there is no air leaking in or out of the room. If it takes
20 min for the room air to reach an average temperature of 25°C, find the temperature rise that
the air experiences each time it passes through the heater. In °C.
ANS.: 5°C
Numeric 7:
A 0.2 m3 rigid tank equipped with a pressure regulator contains steam at 2 MPa and 300°C. The
steam in the tank is now heated. The regulator keeps the steam pressure constant by letting out
some steam, but the temperature inside rises. Determine the amount of heat transferred when the
steam temperature reaches 500°C. In kJ.
ANS.:606.8kJ
Numeric 8:
A 0.3 m3 rigid tank is filled with saturated liquid water at 200°C. A valve at the bottom of the
tank is opened, and liquid is withdrawn from the tank. Heat is transferred to the water such that
the temperature in the tank remains constant. Determine the amount of heat that must be
transferred by the time one- half of the total mass has been withdrawn. In kJ.
ANS.: 2308
Numeric 9:
A 0.3 m3 rigid tank initially contains refrigerant- 134a at 14°C. At this state, 55 percent of the
mass is in the vapor phase, and the rest is in the liquid phase. The tank is connected by a valve to
a supply line where refrigerant at 1.4 MPa and 100°C flows steadily. Now the valve is opened
slightly, and the refrigerant is allowed to enter the tank. When the pressure in the tank reaches 1
MPa, the entire refrigerant in the tank exists in the vapor phase only. At this point the valve is
closed. Determine the heat transfer between the system and the surroundings. In kJ.
ANS.: 899
Numeric 10:
Determine the COP of a refrigerator that removes heat from the food compartment at a rate of
5040 kJ/ h for each kW of power it consumes. (Put in only COP as answer)
ANS.: 1.4

Numeric 11:
A heat pump supplies energy to a house at a rate of 8000 kJ/ h for each kW of electric power it
draws. Determine the rate of energy absorption from the outdoor air. (Put in the rate of energy as
answer) In kJ/h.

ANS.: 4400kJ/h
Numeric 12:
When a man returns to his well- sealed house on a summer day, he finds that the house is at
35°C. He turns on the air conditioner, which cools the entire house to 20°C in 30 min. If the COP
of the air- conditioning system is 2.8, determine the power drawn by the air conditioner. Assume
the entire mass within the house is equivalent to 800 kg of air for which Cv = 0.72 kJ/ kg · °C
and Cp = 1.0 kJ/ kg · °C. In kW.
ANS.:1.71
Numeric 13:
Water enters an ice machine at 55°F and leaves as ice at 25°F. If the COP of the ice machine is
2.4 during this operation, determine the required power input for an ice production rate of 28
lbm/ h. (169 Btu of energy needs to be removed from each lbm of water at 55°F to turn it into ice
at 25°F.) Unit is HP.

ANS.: 0.775
Numeric 14:
Refrigerant- 134a enters the condenser of a residential heat pump at 800 kPa and 35°C at a rate
of 0.018 kg/ s and leaves at 800 kPa as a saturated liquid. If the compressor consumes 1.2 kW of
power, determine the rate of heat absorption from the outside air. (Put in heat absorption in
kW as answer)

ANS.: 1.96kW
Numeric 15:
As shown in Fig., steam at 80 bar, 4408C, enters a turbine operating at steady state with a
volumetric flow rate of 236 m3/min. Twenty percent of the entering mass flow exits through a
diameter of 0.25 m at 60 bar, 4008C. The rest exits through a diameter of 1.5 m with a pressure
of 0.7 bar and a quality of 90%. Determine the velocity at Exit 3 duct, in m/s.

ANS.: 101.3m/s
Numeric 16:
As shown in Fig., air enters the diffuser of a jet engine operating at steady state at 18 kPa, 216 K
and a velocity of 265 m/s, all data corresponding to high-altitude flight. The air flows
adiabatically through the diffuser and achieves a temperature of 250 K at the diffuser exit. Using
the ideal gas model for air, determine the velocity of the air at the diffuser exit, in m/s.

ANS.: 45m/s