MFE 10403

Solid Waste Management

1.0 INTRODUCTION TO SOLID

WASTE MANAGEMENT
 SECTION 1 SOLID WASTE: TYPES, SOURCES AND
PROPERTIES

Learning Objectives;

At the end of this lesson, students should be able

to;
 define solid waste
 describe different types of solid wastes
 explain the development of solid waste
management
 describe Integrated solid waste management
WHY THIS HAPPENS?
 INTRODUCTION
 Solid wastes are the wastes arising from human activities and are
normally solid as opposed to liquid or gaseous and are discarded as
useless or unwanted. Focused on urban waste (MSW) as opposed to
agricultural, mining and industrial wastes.
 Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) is the term applied to
all the activities associated with the management of society's wastes.
 In medieval times, wastes discarded in the streets led to the breeding
of rats and the associated fleas which carried the plague.
 22 human diseases are associated to improper solid waste
management.
 Solid wastes also have a great potential to pollute the air, soil and
water.
Materials Flow - The best way to reduce solid wastes is not to create
them in the first place. Others methods include: decrease consumption
of raw material and increase the rate of recovery of waste materials.
 Technological advances - Increased use of recycle materials.
CLASSIFICATION OF SOLID WASTE
DEFINITION OF SOLID WASTE
Various types of waste
Hazardous waste in landfill??
Hazardous waste in landfill???
Management of municipal solid
waste (MSW)
MSW Generation

Recovery for Recovery for

recycling composting

Discards after recycling and

composting

Combustion with
energy recovery Combustion without
energy recovery

Discards to landfills and

other disposal
 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
Solid waste management is the control of :
 all the wastes arising from human and animal activities that
are normally solid and that are discarded as useless and
unwanted.
 storage, management of wastes until they are put into a
container
 collection, gathering of solid wastes and recyclable materials
and the transport of these materials where the collection
vehicle is emptied. 50% or higher of the total cost.
 processing, source separated (at the home) vs. commingled
(everything together) is a big issue. Includes: physical
processes such as shredding and screening, removal of bulky
material, and chemical and biological processes such as
incineration and composting.
 transfer and transport, small trucks to the biggest trucks
allowable
 disposal of solid waste, landfilling with or without attempting
to recover resources.
Overview on ISWM and Zero
Waste Approach
 Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) - applied to all the
techniques associated with the management of society's
wastes.
 The techniques to treat the different types of waste in ways that
are environmentally, financially and socially sustainable.
 The hierarchy of ISWM is starting from the most desirable, i.e.,
reduction to the least desirable, i.e., disposal.
 The successful in ISWM depends on collaboration among all the
organizations and individuals involved in waste management.
Hierarchy of ISWM