Solid Waste

Management

VISHAL KUMAR
A4134921005
B PLAN
Solid Waste Management

Solid waste management includes planning, administrative, financial,

engineering and legal functions in the process of solving problems arising
from waste materials.

The primary goal of solid waste management is reducing and eliminating

adverse impacts of waste materials on human health and environment to
support economic development and superior quality of life.
 Landfill

Energy

Fuel
Techniques
for solid
waste
Composting
disposal
Recycle

Deep sea dumping

incineration
 Waste
generation

Functional
Elements of the Waste
processing and
Onsite handling,
storage and

Waste recovery processing

Management
System
Waste transfer Waste
and transport collection
Types of PLASTIC WASTE AGRICULTURAL
WASTE
CONSTRUCTION
WASTE

solid
waste
E-WASTE HAZARDOUS BIOMEDICAL
WASTE WASTE
Sources of solid waste

Construction
Residential Commercial Institutional and
demolition

Municipal Treatment
Industrial Agricultural
services plant sites

Biomiedical
waste
Solid Waste treatment

Segregation

Reduce reuse and recycle

Chemical processing

Biological processing
Segregation

• Segregation or Waste sorting is

the process by which waste is
separated into different elements.
• Waste segregation means dividing
waste into dry.and wet.
• Waste can also be segregated as
1.Biodegradable
2.No biodegradable
Reduce reuse and recycle
Chemical processing

• Chemical processing involves the

chemical transformation or
conversion of organic fraction of
wastes into various useful
compounds such as glucose,
synthetic oils, gases, etc.
• e.g. glucose is recovered from
wastes containing cellulose
(paper).
Biological processing

• It involves processes like

composting, anaerobic
conversion, anaerobic
fermentation and digestion.
• The products formed by these
processes include compost,
methane, various proteins, alcohols,
and a wide variety of intermediate
organic products.
Waste
Reduction Strategies
• Waste reduction strategies aim to
minimize the amount of waste that ends
up in landfills or incinerators. Recycling
is one of the most common waste
reduction strategies, which involves the
collection and processing of materials
such as paper, plastic, glass, and
aluminum cans.
• Composting is another waste reduction
strategy, which involves the
decomposition of organic waste, such as
food scraps and yard waste, into a
nutrient-rich soil amendment. Waste-
to-energy technologies, such as
incineration and gasification, involve the
conversion of waste into energy through
combustion or chemical reactions.
Landfill sites
in delhi
There are 3 landfill sites in
Delhi, namely, Bhalswa land fill
site, Ghazipur land fill site and
Okhla land fill site. Bhalswa
Land fill site was commissioned
in the year 1994, whereas
Ghazipur in 1984 and Okhla in
1996. Another Integrated MSW
management plant of 4000
TPD capacity has been
developed at Narela-Bawana
and the plant is operational for
2000 TPD.
Land fill site
 The Problem of Landfills in Delhi

• Delhi generates around 10,000 tonnes of waste every day, and most of it
ends up in landfills. There are three main landfill sites in the city – Bhalswa,
Ghazipur, and Okhla – which are all overflowing with garbage.
• The problem with these landfills is that they are not designed to handle
such huge amounts of waste. They lack proper infrastructure and facilities
for waste management, which leads to environmental degradation, air and
water pollution, and health hazards for the people living nearby.
Impact on the Environment

The landfill sites in Delhi have a significant

Moreover, the leachate – a toxic liquid
impact on the environment. The waste
that forms when rainwater mixes with the
materials buried in these sites release
decomposing waste – seeps into the soil
harmful gases like methane and carbon
and contaminates the groundwater,
dioxide, which contribute to global
posing a serious threat to public health.
warming and climate change.
Impact on Public Health

The landfill sites in Delhi also have a direct impact on public health. The air around
these sites is polluted with toxic fumes and particulate matter, which can cause
respiratory problems and other illnesses.

The people living near these sites are particularly vulnerable, as they are exposed to
the pollutants on a daily basis. Moreover, the scavengers who work in these sites are
at risk of contracting diseases from the waste materials they handle.
 Measures Being Taken

• Recognizing the severity of the problem, the Delhi government has taken several
measures to manage the waste more effectively. These include setting up waste-
to-energy plants, promoting composting and recycling, and imposing fines on
littering and illegal dumping.
• Moreover, there are initiatives being taken by civil society organizations and
individuals to reduce waste generation and promote sustainable practices.
However, much more needs to be done to address the issue of landfill sites in
Delhi.
Operational Guidelines

The MCD has set specific operational guidelines for landfill sites in
Delhi. These include daily cover of waste with soil or other
materials, regular monitoring of groundwater and air quality, and
proper maintenance of equipment and machinery.

The MCD also ensures that the landfill site is accessible to

authorized personnel only and takes measures to prevent
unauthorized entry and dumping of waste.
 • To address the issues related to the landfill
sites, the Delhi government has formulated
Policy and policies and regulations. The policies aim to
reduce the amount of waste generated,
Regulations for promote waste segregation, and ensure
proper management of the landfill sites.
Delhi's • The regulations include guidelines for waste
disposal, transportation, and treatment. The
Landfill Sites government has also introduced penalties for
non-compliance with the regulations.
Challenges in Implementing the Policy
and Regulations
Despite the policies and regulations, there are several challenges in
implementing them. The lack of awareness among the citizens about
waste segregation and disposal is one of the major challenges. The
government has initiated awareness campaigns to educate the citizens
about the importance of waste management.
Another challenge is the lack of infrastructure and resources for waste
management. The government has taken steps to improve the
infrastructure and provide resources for waste management. However,
more needs to be done to address this issue.
Initiatives Taken by the Government to Address the Issue

• The government has taken several initiatives to address the issue of landfill
sites. One of the initiatives is the construction of waste-to-energy plants,
which convert the waste into energy. This helps in reducing the amount of
waste that goes into the landfill sites.
• The government has also encouraged the use of composting and recycling
to reduce the amount of waste generated. The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan,
launched by the government, aims to make India clean and free of open
defecation and litter.
 North Tota
S.no Particulars DMC SDMC EDMC NDMC DCB l
Status of Solid Waste
Management
1 Total Municipal Solid 4500 3600 2700 272 72 11144
Waste (MSW)

including Legacy
Generation (in TPD)

Waste in NCT of Delhi 2 Lifting / Collection of

MSW (in %)
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% NA

3 No. of Wards 104 104 64 14 (Circles) 8 -----

1. Municipal Solid Waste
Management :
4 Segregation of MSW at 80% (in 3 About 80% 100% (in 3 Model 90% (All 90% NA
Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Source (in %) Model in 13 Wards. Wards) 75% (in 6 Circles) (Civil
Processing and Disposal Wards) (Including Wards) 30% (in 55 Area)
03 Model Wards) 60%
Wards) (Army
Area)
5 Processing of Waste in 2400* 1850 (51%) 700 (26%) 272 (100%) 37 (51%) 5259
TPD (in %) (53%) (47%)

6 Disposal of MSW in 2100 1750 (49%) 2000 (74%) Nil 35 (49%) 5885
Landfill Sites (47%) (53 %)
Collection, Segregation & Transportation of
Municipal Solid Waste:

There are 5 Local Bodies in Delhi responsible for implementation of the Solid
Waste Management Rules, 2016. Total Municipal Solid Waste generation in
Delhi is 11144 Tonnes per day (TPD). For proper treatment and disposal of the
municipal solid waste, waste segregation is pre-requisite and the local bodies
are implementing a detailed plan of waste segregation at source, door to door
collection, intermediate storage and transport facility with GPS for the
segregated waste.
Municipal Solid Waste Processing and
Disposal Facilities:

• There is one Integrated Solid Waste Management Facility at Bawana for processing of
2000 TPD of municipal solid waste having Waste to Energy Plant, Compost Plant and
Engineered Sanitary Land Fill. This Integrated Solid Waste Management Facility is
being operated by M/s Delhi MSW Solutions Ltd. One Engineered Sanitary Land Fill is
proposed to be developed by South Delhi Municipal Corporation (SDMC) at Tehkhand.
An Integrated Solid Waste Management Facility for 2000 TPD is proposed to be
developed by East Delhi Municipal Corporation (SDMC) in joint venture with NTPC at
Ghonda Gujran. Besides other 6 facilities the said facility will be having Waste to
Energy Plant. There is one Centralised Compost Plant at Okhla with 200 TPD capacity.
 Waste to Energy Plants
Delhi has 3 Waste to Energy Plants (WTE Plants) of capacity 5250 TPD at 3 different locations in Delhi namely Okhla, Ghazipur and Bawana. One New
Waste to Energy Plant of capacity about 2000 TPD is proposed at Tehkhand and another in the Integrated Waste Complex at Ghonda Gujran. After
commissioning of these 2 proposed WTEs capacity of WTE Plants will increase from 5250 TPD to 8450 TPD by December, 2021.

Existing Capacity
S.no Name of Waste to Energy Plant Waste Processing (in Electricity
TPD) Generation(in MW)

1 Timarpur Okhla Waste management Company Ltd., Old 1950 23

NDMC Compost Site, Okhla

2 East Delhi Waste Processing Company Ltd., Ghazipur 1300 12

3 Delhi MSW Solutions Ltd Narela Bawana Road, Bawana 2000 24

Total 5250 59
 Proposed Waste Processing Facilities &
Sanitary Land Fill in Delhi

EXPECTED
AREA OF LOCAL TIMELINE FOR
S.NO PARTICULARS LOCATION BODY CAPACITY COMPLETION

1 Waste to Energy Plant Tehkhand SDMC 2000 TPD December,

2021

2 Integrated Municipal Waste Ghonda Gujran EDMC 2000 TPD September,

Processing Facility 2022

3 Sanitary Landfill Tehkhand SDMC ------- Sept, 2021

4 Integrated Waste 3 Zones of North North DMC 2000 TPD December,

Collection,Segregation, DMC (City – SP, 2021
Transportation, Processing & Karol Bagh&
Disposal Narela Zone)
Okhla land fill
site