Introduction To Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics: (7th Edition)

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Consider the water-gas-shift reaction:
At high temperatures and low to moderate pressures the reacting species form an ideal-gas My Textbook Solutions
mixture. By Eq. (11.27):
When the Gibbs energies of the elements in their standard states are set equal to zero,
for each species, and then: Introduction Elements of Essentials of
to Chemical... Chemical... Chemical...
7th Edition 5th Edition 1st Edition
(A) View all solutions
At the beginning of Sec. 13.2 we noted that Eq. (14.68) is a criterion of equilibrium. Applied to the
water-gas-shift reaction with the understanding that T and P are constant, this equation
becomes:
Here, however, dn/dε = 0. The equilibrium criterion therefore becomes:
(B)
Once the yi are eliminated in favor of ε, Eq. (A) relates G to ε. Data for for the compounds
of interest are given with Ex. 13.13. For a temperature of 1,000 K (the reaction is unaffected by
P) and for a feed of 1 mol H2 and 1 mol CO2:
(a) Determine the equilibrium value of ε by application of Eq. (B).
(b) Plot G vs. ε, indicating the location of the equilibrium value of ε determined in (a).
Ex. 13.13:
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Chapter 13, Problem 4P 12 Bookmarks Show all steps: ON

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Figure 13.1: The total Gibbs energy in relation to the reaction coordinates

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Step-by-step solution
Step 1 of 5
a)
The system contains of gaseous streams of and of 1 mole and 1 mole respectively.
The reaction reaches equilibrium at a pressure of of 1 bar and at a temperature of

1000 K.
The reaction between hydrogen and carbon dioxide are as follows:
Comment
Step 2 of 5
To obtain the expression for mole fractions for the following species the data is represented in a
table as follows:
Total no. of moles initially present is calculated as follows:
The stoichiometric numbers/coefficients and the reaction coordinate are related as

follows:
Comment
Step 3 of 5
Note: The stoichiometric coefficients are negative for reactants (as they disappear) and positive
for products (as they are formed).
Therefore, and
The mole fraction of the reacting species, as a function of the reaction coordinate is
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Similarly, the mole fraction for the species in the system is expressed as follows:
The following are the standard free energies of formation of substances at 1000 K from example
13.13.
Comment
Step 4 of 5
The Gibbs free energy at high temperature is given by the following equation:
Here, is the standard Gibbs free energy of the species involved in the reaction.
is the temperature (1000 K), R is the gas constant, and is the mole fraction of each
constituent in the exit product stream.
The expressions for mole fraction of the individual gaseous species are inserted in the
expression of Gibbs free energy as follows:
Substitute the values of standard Gibbs free energy of the species in the above equation and get,
Simplify the above calculation and get,
At equilibrium, the given criteria is,
Differentiate the above expression with respect to the reaction coordinate by apply the
equilibrium criteria.

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The differential term will tend to zero. Then,
Further simplification results the value of and the simplification steps are shown below:
Solve the above and get as 0.233.
Therefore, at equilibrium the fraction conversion is .
Comments (9)
Step 5 of 5
(b)
Assume different value of , determine the value of G.
Comment
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3/29/22, 10:23 PM Solved: Consider the water-gas-shift reaction:At high temperatu... | Chegg.

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Introduction to Chemical Engineering Post a question

Answers from our experts for your tough

Here, however, dn/dε = 0. The equilibrium criterion therefore becomes:

(a) Determine the equilibrium value of ε by application of Eq. (B).

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Chapter 13, Problem 4P 12 Bookmarks Show all steps: ON

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Chapter 13, Problem 4P 12 Bookmarks Show all steps: ON

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Chapter 13, Problem 4P 12 Bookmarks Show all steps: ON

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Chapter 13, Problem 4P 12 Bookmarks Show all steps: ON

The reaction reaches equilibrium at a pressure of of 1 bar and at a temperature of

The reaction between hydrogen and carbon dioxide are as follows:

Total no. of moles initially present is calculated as follows:

The stoichiometric numbers/coefficients and the reaction coordinate are related as

Chapter 13, Problem 4P 12 Bookmarks Show all steps: ON

Simplify the above calculation and get,

At equilibrium, the given criteria is,

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Chapter 13, Problem 4P 12 Bookmarks Show all steps: ON

The differential term will tend to zero. Then,

Solve the above and get as 0.233.

Therefore, at equilibrium the fraction conversion is .

Assume different value of , determine the value of G.

Chapter 13, Problem 4P 12 Bookmarks Show all steps: ON

Was this solution helpful? 5 0

Recommended solutions for you in Chapter 13

The following reaction The following reaction

See solution See solution

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