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Chapter 10, Problem Bookmark

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Inorganic Chemistry
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According to Valence Bond Theory vacant orbitals in the metal are used up for hybridization

Vacant orbitals are used for hybridization. In the presence of strong field ligands pairing of
electrons takes place against Hund’s rule resulting in low spin complexes. If inner d-orbitals are My Textbook Solutions
used for hybridization the complex is an inner complex.

Magnetic moment of a complex can be calculated by using the following formula.

Here, is magnetic moment, n is number of unpaired electrons.

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Step 2 of 15

Atomic number of cobalt is 27.

Electron configuration of Co is .

Oxidation state of cobalt in the complex is +3. Cobalt is surrounded with four

carbonyl ligands. Thus, it is a tetrahedral complex.

Electron configuration of is .

As Co is a strong field ligand, all the electrons will pair up.

pairing against Hund’s rule due to strong ligand.

Number of unpaired electrons in the complex is zero.

As no unpaired electrons, magnetic moment of the complex will be zero.

Calculate ligand filed stabilization energy in tetrahedral filed as shown below.

Here, is number of electrons in orbitals and is number of electrons in orbitals.

Tetrahedral configuration is .

So,

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Step 3 of 15

Therefore, LFSE of the complex will be .

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Chapter 10, Problem 12P Bookmark

The complex is .

Atomic number of chromium is 24.

Electron configuration of Cr is .

Oxidation state of Cr in the complex is +2. Chromium is surrounded with six

cyanide ligands. Thus, it is an octahedral complex.

Electron configuration of is .

The complex is a strong field complex, so all the electrons will be paired up.

Number of unpaired electrons in the complex is zero.

As no unpaired electrons, magnetic moment of the complex will be zero.

Calculate ligand filed stabilization energy in tetrahedral filed as shown below.

Here, is number of electrons in orbital and is number of electrons in

So,

Octahedral configuration of the complex is .

Therefore, LFSE of the complex is .

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Step 5 of 15

The complex is .

Atomic number of iron is 26.

Electron configuration of Fe is .

Oxidation state of Fe in the complex is +3. It is an octahedral complex.

Electron configuration of is .

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Step 6 of 15

The complex is a weak field complex, so all the electrons will be filled according to Hund’s rule as
shown below:

Number of unpaired electrons in the complex is 5.

Calculate magnetic moment for the complex as shown below.

Thus, magnetic moment of the complex will be .

Calculate ligand filed stabilization energy in the octahedral filed as shown below.

Octahedral configuration of the complex is .

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Therefore, LFSE of the complex is .

Chapter 10, Problem 12P Bookmark

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Step 7 of 15

The complex is .

Atomic number of chromium is 27.

Electron configuration of Co is .

Oxidation state of Co in the complex is +2. It is an octahedral complex.

Electron configuration of is .

The complex is a strong field complex, so all the electrons will be paired up.

Number of unpaired electrons in the complex is one.

Comment

Step 8 of 15

Therefore, magnetic moment of the complex is .

Comment

Step 9 of 15

Calculate ligand filed stabilization energy in the octahedral filed as shown below.

Octahedral configuration of the complex is .

Therefore, LFSE of the complex is .

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Step 10 of 15

The complex is .

Atomic number of chromium is 27.

Electron configuration of Co is .

Oxidation state of Co in the complex is +3. It is an octahedral complex.

Electron configuration of is .

The complex is a strong field complex, so all the electrons will be paired up.

Number of unpaired electrons in the complex is Zero.

Therefore, magnetic moment of the complex is zero.

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Chapter 10, Problem 12P Bookmark

Step 11 of 15

Calculate ligand filed stabilization energy in the octahedral filed as shown below.

Octahedral configuration of the complex is .

Therefore, LFSE of the complex is .

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Step 12 of 15

Atomic number of manganese is 25.

Electron configuration of is .

Oxidation state of in the complex is +7. Manganese is surrounded with four oxygen
ligands. So, it is a tetrahedral complex.

Electron configuration of is .

The complex has no electrons in its orbitals.

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Step 13 of 15

Number of unpaired electrons in the complex is zero.

As no unpaired electrons, magnetic moment of the complex will be zero.

Therefore, LFSE of the complex will be zero.

The complex is .

Atomic number of copper is 29.

Electron configuration of Cu is .

Oxidation state of Cu in the complex is +2. It is an octahedral complex.

Electron configuration of is .

The complex is a weak field complex, so all the electrons will be filled according to Hund’s rule as
shown below:

Number of unpaired electrons in the complex is 1.

Calculate magnetic moment for the complex as shown below.

Thus, magnetic moment of the complex will be .

Calculate ligand filed stabilization energy in the octahedral filed as shown below.

Octahedral configuration of the complex is .

Therefore, LFSE of the complex is .

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b)
Chapter 10, Problem 12P Bookmark
If four ligands are attached to the central metal atom then the complex is tetrahedral. So,
[Co(CO)4]- and MnO-4 are tetrahedral. Whereas if six ligands are attached they will be
octahedral.

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Step 15 of 15

c)

Electronic configuration of is ; whereas Ni+2 electronic configuration is

.

Tetrahedral configuration of these ions are as follows:

In case of , the orbitals are completely filled, and for it is incompletely filled.
Completely filled orbitals contributes more stability to the ion. So, tetrahedral geometry is more
stable for .

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Chapter 10, Problem 12P Bookmark

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