Prototype Emergency Tool

A Science Investigatory Project

Presented to the Faculty of Bansud Institute Inc.
Poblacion, Bansud Oriental Mindoro

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for

Science Investigatory Project 10.

Jash Ken M. Mutya

2022
 Republic of the Philippines
Bansud Institute Inc.
Poblacion, Bansud, Oriemtal Mindoro

APPROVAL SHEET

The research study entitled Prototype Emergency Tool submitted by

____________________________________________________________________________
has been successfully recommended for approval in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for Science
Investigatory Project 10.

Recommending Approval:
NATHANIE B. BERNARDO
Science Research Adviser

REA A. NABUS LEYWELYN M. RITA

Panelist Panelist

APPROVED BY:

ELMER B. SANTOS
Academic Coordinator

SIMPLICIO F. SOLITO
Principal

Date: April 2022

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to extend deepest gratitude with the help and support of those people
who made this experiment possible.

First, to Almighty God, the source of all knowledge and wisdom, without him this investigatory
project would not have been successfully completed.

To Ms. Nathanie Bernardo, the research adviser for her advice and guidance throughout the whole
project

To their parents, for their moral and financial support.

ABSTRACT

Nowadays, most people rely on gadgets that don’t serve their needs in terms of reliability,
durability and usefulness. So the researcher created a tool that can help on a lot of things especially in
disasters such as typhoon and earthquakes. It took three days to create it and two days of testing and
troubleshooting. Some of the components caught on fire because of false wiring connection and short
circuit. But in the end, the researcher got it working in good condition. The Prototype Emergency Tool
will be tested via Duration of LED lights, the duration of dc fan and the amount of Cellphones it can
charge. The product’s charging time (in and out) will be compared to the commercially made power bank.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page............................................................................................................................................i
Approval Sheet...................................................................................................................................ii
Acknowledgement............................................................................................................................iii
Abstract.............................................................................................................................................iv
Table of Contents...............................................................................................................................v
CHAPTER I-INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................1
Statement of the Problem...................................................................................................................2
Hypothesis..........................................................................................................................................2
Significance of the Study...................................................................................................................3
Scope and the Limitation...................................................................................................................3
Objectives...........................................................................................................................................3
Definition of Terms............................................................................................................................4

CHAPTER II-REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE..................................................................4

CHAPTER III-METHODOLOGY....................................................................................................5
Materials.............................................................................................................................................5
Procedure............................................................................................................................................6

CHAPTER IV-RESULTS AND DISCUSSION............................................................................7-8

CHAPTER V-CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.........................................................9

BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................................................................................................10

DOCUMENTATION OF EXPERIMENTS....................................................................................11
Pictures of Procedure and Materials...........................................................................................11-14
Researcher’s Personal Information..................................................................................................15
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

The Prototype Emergency Tool (PET) is a modular Circuit that contains 18650 batteries which is
commonly used in laptops and other gadgets. It has a peak voltage of 12.39v and a capacity of 21600
mah just like a common power bank. But it has a wah (watt-hour) which is higher than a typical laptop
battery. It also contains a dc motor, usb charging module and a 10w COB (Chips on Board) Led light. It
can be used on a lot of things like charging a phone tablets and other gadgets powered by USB. It also
has two powerful 8mm fan for cooling and a flashlight that can help in case of a blackout or power
outage.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

1. Will it perform greatly in terms of duration in battery capacity, duration of LED and in duration
of fan.

2. How fast is the charging time of the PET?

STATEMENT OF THE HYPOTHESIS

1. The battery pack can support all the load present in the tool. By dividing the wattage used by a
load ([Link] motor consumed 10w/h) to the total wattage of the battery, we can determine the
duration time usage of a load.

2. The charging time is slower than conventional power banks because it contains a lot of batteries
with the combination of a BMS (Battery Management System) that slows down the charging
process to safely charge each cell.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The significance of this study will be of great benefit to the following:

Community. This study shall benefit the community to keep the supplies in an easy-to
carry emergency preparedness tool that can use at home.

School. This study shall benefit the school for the recognition of the study.

Consumers. This study shall benefit the consumers for its high quality and affordability of the materials
that find inside the house.

Future Researchers. This study shall benefit the future researchers for this study can be the basis for the
research studies.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

This study focuses on the prototype emergency tool can use in an emergency situation where a
prototype of the end product is first developed, tested and refined as per customer feedback repeatedly
till a final acceptable prototype is achieved which forms the basis for developing the final product.

OBJECTIVES

1. Provide a tool that is useful.

2. Create a reliable and durable combination of a power bank, flashlight and mini fans that will help the
community in an emergency.

3. To reduce electronic waste.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Battery Pack. A battery pack is a set of any number of (preferably) identical batteries or individual
battery cells. They may be configured in a series, parallel, or both mixture to deliver the desired voltage,
capacity, or power density. The term battery pack is often used in reference to radio-controlled hobby
toys and battery electric vehicles.

BMS. A battery management system is any electronic system that manages a rechargeable battery (cell
or battery pack) such as protecting the battery from operating outside its safe operating area, monitoring
its stat, calculating secondary data, reporting that data, controlling its environment, authenticating it
and/or balancing it. A battery pack built together with a battery management system with an external
communication bus is a smart battery pack.A smart battery pack must be charged by a smart battery
charger.

COB. Chips -n board is the method of manufacturing where integrated circuits are wired and bonded
directly to a printed circuit board. By eliminating the packaging of individual semiconductor devices, the
completed product can be more compact, lighter, and less costly.
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter provides an overview of the literature that identifies and summarizes all the relevant
research conducted.

Prototype based on Raymond McLeod (2011:11) a prototype is defined as a tool that gives ideas
to potential makers and users about how the system functions in its full form, and the process of
producing a prototype called prototyping. 8 According to Blackwell (2015), A prototype is an early
sample, model, or release of a product built to test a concept or process or to act as a thing to be
replicated or learned from. It is a term used in a variety of contexts, including semantics, design,
electronics, and software programming. A prototype is generally used to evaluate a new design to
enhance precision by system analysts and users. Prototyping serves to provide specifications for a real,
working system rather than a theoretical one. In some design workflow models, creating a prototype (a
process sometimes called materialization) is the step between the formalization and the evaluation of an
idea.

Differences in Creating a Prototype with a Final Product

As we know that teaching media is all tools/aids that may be used by teacher and learner to attain
certain education objectives. Then the teaching media can be divided into some classification. According
to Francesco Rebelo (2012:482) In general, the creation of prototypes will differ from creation of the
final product in some fundamental ways:
a. Material
The materials that will be used in a final product may be expensive or difficult to fabricate, so prototypes
may be made from different materials than the final product. In some cases, the final production
materials may still be undergoing development themselves and not yet available for use in a prototype.
10
b. Process Mass-production processes are often unsuitable for making a small number of parts, so
prototypes may be made using different fabrication processes than the final product. For example, a final
product that will be made by plastic injection molding will require expensive custom tooling, so a
prototype for this product may be fabricated by machining or stereo lithography instead. Differences in
fabrication process may lead to differences in the appearance of the prototype as compared to the final
product.
c. Verification
The final product may be subject to a number of quality assurance tests to verify conformance with
drawings or specifications. These tests may involve custom inspection fixtures, statistical sampling
methods, and other techniques appropriate for ongoing production of a large quantity of the final product.
Prototypes are generally made with much closer individual inspection and the assumption that some
adjustment or rework will be part of the fabrication process. Prototypes may also be exempted from some
requirements that will apply to the final product.

Power Bank

A Power Bank is a portable device that can supply power from its built-in battery through a USB
port. Power banks are popular for charging USB charged devices. They can also be used as a power
supply for various USB powered devices such as lights and small fans. They usually recharge with a
USB power supply. The power bank includes a control circuit that both regulates charging of the battery
and converts the battery voltage to 5.0 volts for the USB port. Some chargers for cells like 18650 and
26650 can also serve as a power bank. Although it is generally more cumbersome to carry such a charger
with cells rather than a conventional power bank, this type of setup has the advantage of being able to
charge cells for other uses. It also has the advantage that , when the cells are dead, they can be swapped
for fresh cells for immediate use rather than having to be charged first. In 2010, power bank has changed
from using Lithium-ion battery to Lithium-polymer battery for more light and efficient to carry.
The first created power bank was invented by Eesha Khare, An 18-year old from California. She created
a super capacitor that serves as an energy storage device that can hold a lot of energy in a small amount
of space.
But in 2004, A company named PISEN firstly proposed the idea of power banks that use batteries instead
of capacitors.

Flashlight
A flashlight is a portable hand-held electric light. The source of the light is usually an
incandescent light bulb (lamp) or light-emitting diode (LED). A typical flashlight consists of the light
source mounted in a reflector, a transparent cover (sometimes combined with a lens) to protect the light
source and reflector, a battery, and a [Link] are supported and protected by a case.

The invention of the dry cell and miniature incandescent electric lamps made the first battery-
powered flashlights possible around 1899. Today, flashlight use mostly incandescent lamps or light-
emitting diodes and run on disposable or rechargeable batteries. Some are powered by the user turning
crank or shacking the lamp,and some have solar panels to recharge a battery.
In addition to the general-purpose hand-held flashlight, many forms have been adapted for special uses.
Head or helmet-mounted flashlights designed for miners and campers leave the hands free. Some
flashlight can be used underwater or in flammable atmospheres. Flashlight are used as a light source
when in a place with no power or during power outage.
The first flashlight (or firstly called electric hand torch) was developed by an English inventor named
David Misell. It had three D Batteries powered a small incandescent electric light bulb and a simple
contact switch turned on and off.
Fans

A fan is powered machine used to create flow within a fluid, typically a gas such as air. A fan
consists of a rotating arrangement of vanes or blades and hub is known as impeller, rotor, or a runner.
Usually, it is contained within some form of housing or case. This may direct the airflow or increase
safety by preventing objects from contacting the fan blades. Most of the fans are powered by electric
motors, but other sources of power may be used, including hydraulic motors, hank cranks, and internal
combustion engines.
Mechanically, a fan can be any revolving vane or vanes for producing currents of air. Fans produce air
flows with high volume and low pressure (although higher than ambient pressure), as opposed to
compressors which produce high pressures at a comparatively low volume. A fan blade will often rotate
when exposed to an air fluid stream, and devices that take advantage of this, such as anemometers and
wind turbines, often have design similar to a fan.
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

his chapter reveals the methods of

research to be employed by the
researcher
in conducting the study which
includes the research design,
population of the study,
research instrument and its
development establishing its
validity and reliability, data
gathering procedures, and the
appropriate statistical treatment of
data
This chapter reveals the methods of research to be employed by the researcher in conducting the
study which includes the data gathering procedures, and the materials used.

Materials: Tools

18650 battery cells Soldering Iron

BMS Module Rotary Tool
6 pin switch Boost converter 12v dc jack
12v power supply tactile switch
2 pin switch
Battery percentage indicator wire size #18
12v 10w led chip (3.5 cm × 12 cm) USB Charging Module
Dc motor speed controller 385 dc motor

Gathering Procedures:

Step 1: Create a Containment unit. ( 17cm×20cm×21cm )and create a 2 8.6cm×8.6cm hole in the middle
which will serve as wind tunnel or protection unit for the dc motor and Fan Propeller.
Step 2: Create necessary hole for the switch, potentiometer and for the battery percentage indicator and
attach those afterwards.
Step 3: Bore three holes in the side of it for the 2×12v dc jack adapters and 6-pin switch.
Step 4: Bore holes for two charging modules.
Step 5: Insert the battery pack inside and connect it to the 2-pins of the 6-pin switch.
Step 6: Glue the LED chip in the front side of the container and bore two holes beside it.
Step 7: Connect the LED chip to the Booster and boost the voltage for 18 v.
Step 8: Create the wind tunnel for the electric fans and glue it inside.
Step 9: Attach the 8mm Propeller to the dc motor and place it inside the wind tunnel.
Step 10: Connect the dc motors to the Dc motor speed controller and insert it inside.
Step 11: Solder wires to all of the components said and connect to the 6-pin switch, sand the containment
unit and glue all parts together.
 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OR CONNECTION OF EACH MODULE / LOAD

12V DC Jack
(as Charging
Port)
Battery Pack
Battery 6-Pin
Managemen Switch
11.98 V AND 6 AH t System
Exhaust
Fan

Battery 12V Power

Indicator Momentar Supply
y switch

Dc Motor Switch
Speed
Controller

Boost Converter
Dc Dc
Moto Moto
r r

Switch
Led Chip
 CHAPTER IV
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents findings of the study followed by the results and discussion.

The product will be tested in terms of Duration of the LED light, Fans, and the amount of
cellphone its can charge. Some characteristics will be compared to A commercially power bank.

Comparison between P.E.T and a 20,000mah Power bank

This shows that the P.E.T outperformed the commercially made one in terms of faster charging
properties and the amount of cellphones it can charge in one full charge. But it is slower than power
banks in terms of charging time (in).In calculation; it is 1.6 times slower than commercially made power
bank.
While in the duration of two 30w 12v dc fans, the duration time only last for 1.26 hrs. Since the
battery has only 259.2 watt-hour (wah) and 21600 milliamp hour (mah) of capacity with power losses and
in the COB LED, it lasted for about 7.56 hrs which is helpful in case of the power outage.
 CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

CONCLUSION

The researcher concludes that the P.E.T can outperform other power banks in terms of faster
charging properties and in the amount of cellphones it can charge but it has a slower charging process
which is 7.54 hrs unlike the power banks charging time which only took for 4.54 hrs. The tool can
provide a descent time for lighting. It can supply a continuous light for 7 hrs.
Lastly, it can be only used for a short time if the user used two fans in the maximum speed. Since
the P.E.T has PWM that controls that amount of voltage that travel through a conductor.

RECOMMENDATION

The researcher recommends creating a further analysis and research about the product to create a
much efficient and cheap tool.

To use broken laptop because it contains much higher capacity batteries and much cheaper too.
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 DOCUMENTATION OF EXPERIMENTS

The materials used in making the prototype emergency tool.

Curriculum Vitae
_______________________________________________________

Name: Jash Ken Misana Mutya

Age: 16 years old
Date of Birth:
Gender: Male
Address: Azucena Street, Agsalin, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro
CP Number: 09056201706
Citizenship: Filipino
Religion: Roman Catholic