1

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

It's challenging to focus on learning when you're sweltering in a hot classroom or

freezing in a cold one. In many schools, a wall fan was the most commonly used. A wall

fan is a sort of electric fan intended to attach to a wall. The body of the fan usually

mounts flush with the wall, creating a streamlined look. Wall fan come in a variety

sizes and styles, and can be used to a cool room, circulate air, or exhaust fumes

(Johnson, 2022). By installing a wall fan, you may circulate air conditioning, add instant

evaporative air movement, and free up floor space.

Automatic wall fan speed fan controllers have become increasingly popular in

recent years due to their ability to efficiently regulate room temperature and reduce

energy consumption. These controllers are designed to automatically adjust the speed

of a fan based on the ambient temperature of the room, thereby maintaining a

comfortable temperature and reducing the need for manual adjustments. The

development of such controllers involves a combination of hardware and software

engineering, as well as an understanding of the principles of temperature control and

feedback mechanisms. Researchers in this field are exploring new technologies and

methodologies to optimize the performance of these controllers, including the use of

machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms to improve the accuracy of

temperature sensing and control. This research has the potential to significantly reduce

energy usage in buildings and homes, contributing to a more sustainable future.

The researchers noticed that the students at Tagoloan Community College feel
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uncomfortable due to high temperature inside the classroom, which affects their

academic performance. For many educational institutions, lacking of adequate air-

conditioned classroom is the common problem that every student facing that can lead

to a notable effect on their academic performances. Especially during noontime class,

they are unable to think straight due to an unmaintained room temperature. Another

problem that the researchers want to work on is the students’ forgetfulness to switch off

the wall fan after the class hour. Most of the students tend to forget to turn off the

appliances commonly the fan, which is a waste of energy. Moreover, the researcher

also noticed that some of the instructors from engineering department bringing mini fan

just to bring relief and blown comfort in hot temperature of the classroom.

Students’ academic performance will significantly improve and energy would be

saved by implementing this study. McGuire (2016) shows, unsurprisingly, that

temperature does have an effect on student attention span. Studies have indicated that

lower classroom temperatures and improved air ventilation improve learning ability and

student performance by as much as 10 to 20 percent. Students working in classrooms

with lower temperatures were shown to be more alert and able to work more quickly

while making fewer mistakes. Furthermore, a wall fan must be energy-saving by being

innovative enough to turn itself off automatically when it detects no human presence.

As studied by Kaushik & et. al, (2018) researchers made an automatic fan that

aimed to control the speed of the fan automatically using Arduino, temperature, and

humidity sensors. Normally, fan speed needs to be manually controlled every time, but

the researchers’ idea would automatically adjust according to its surroundings.

According to (Vaibhav & Gavish, 2019), the design and simulation of a novel fan speed

control system based on room temperature using Pulse width Modulation Technique.
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The duty cycle is made to vary according to the room temperature and the fan speed is

controlled accordingly. This paper elucidates how the autonomous speed control of fan

is done based on data from the temperature sensor. The design proposed here is

appropriate according to the modern lifestyle.

In line with this, the study aims to innovate an automatic fan speed controller with

motion sensor and humidity sensor to control and maintain the classroom’s temperature

that is beneficial to engineering department students and instructors. In the allotted 5

months the researchers will carry out the study.

Project Objectives

This study seeks to propose Automatic fan speed controller, with the following

objective.

General Objectives

The general objectives of the study are to innovate an Automatic Wall Fan Speed

Controller with Motion sensor and Humidity censor which is controlled by Arduino.

Specific Objectives

1. Determine the requirements for automatic wall fan speed controller.

2. Design an automatic wall fan speed controller using motion,

humidity sensor, and Arduino.

3. Developing an automatic wall fan speed controller for

maintaining classroom temperature.

4. Performing functional and operational testing using multi-tester for the

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automatic fan controller.

5. Evaluating the functionality, reliability and craftsmanship of the automatic fan

speed controller.

Significance of the Study

This study will help the school to maintain proper ventilation of room

temperature. The current study aimed the fan speed to be manually controlled every time

but by using this idea, the speed of the fan will be automatically adjusted according to its

surroundings. This is to ideally ensure that the automatic command of the electric fan in

entering the classroom will initiate with speed controller depending on its temperature.

This study will beneficial the following group or people:

The Local Government Unit of Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental – this study may serve

as a paradigm shift in looking at local resources of having an automatic wall fan

with speed controller in a non-air conditioned office.

Tagoloan Community College – The results of this study will act as a guide for

these institutions as they create the innovative and logical wall fan for the

classroom.

Consumers – this study will be beneficial to the consumers because this device can

automatically adjust the speed level base on temperature and applicable in an office

room.

Instructors – This study will be beneficial to the instructors because it can improve

their way of teaching due to absence of temperature disturbance.

Engineering Technology Students – for the engineering students major in Electronic

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Technology, they may be able to improve their academic performance.

Future Researcher – The study will provide for the next researchers that they may

broaden the knowledge about the automatic fan speed controller.

Scope and Delimitations of the Study

This study limits its coverage in the classroom of engineering department in Tagoloan

Community College. The respondents of this study are engineering students and

instructors. The study focuses on how convenient the wall fan temperature and its

speed controller. It manages the temperature of a classroom, if the weather is warmth

the room temperature rises and the students begun to be uncomfortable and feels

sweltering, the fan immediately speed up. The colder the weather the temperature of

fan speed decreases and will probably stop. This machine is very helpful to students,

teachers and other people that needed to have proper ventilation in a classroom.

Additionally, it proposes solution regarding the problem of forgetfulness of switching off

the fan after class-hour.

The study will focus on the hardware and software design of the controller,

including the use of motion sensor, humidity sensors, and motor driver modules. The

study delimits that the four wall fans are in series connections, if only one or few

people enter in classroom the four wall fans work simultaneously. Also, the user

cannot choose their desire speed levels. The study will be limited to using a specific

type of sensors.

The impact of temperature on mood reduces memory and cognitive function, which has

an impact on learning ability. It directly converts electrical energy to thermal energy

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using an electrically operated switch, has the advantages of environmentally friendly,

very compact, high reliability, no moving parts (except the fans), and it can be easily

integrated. Multi tester analog and digital used to test the components properly operate.

In this study the researcher used a 5volts 4 module relay that serves as switch button then

the Arduino uno mega which used to command the relay and the motion and humidity

sensor that commands the Arduino.

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Chapter 2

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Review of Related Literature

Temperature Controlled DC Fan using Microcontroller

As stated by Soren & Gupta, (2022). The electric fan naturally switches the

speed as indicated by the environment temperature changes. Generally, electronic

gadgets create enough heat due to internal loss. There is a necessity to decrease heat to

so that electronics devices won’t lose their characteristic. The heat can be minimized in

various methods. One of the methods is temperature dependent dc fan implementing

microcontroller. When environment temperature sensed by the sensor crosses the

threshold value fan is switched on and temperature is reduced. The fan will remain on

till the temperature reduces below the threshold value. This general idea is used in this

project.

The aforementioned Soren & Gupta, (2022). The electric fan's speed adjusts

with the temperature. Internal loss heats up electronic devices. Electronics need less

heat to function properly. Various strategies reduce heat. Temperature-sensitive dc fan

microcontroller is one technique. The fan turns on when the sensor detects a

temperature above the threshold value. The fan runs until the temperature drops below

the set point. Project uses this broad idea.

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Pedestal Fans Vs Wall Mounted Fans

According to Polar India (2021) Ceiling fans are always the minimum

requirement in a room but to add to the comfortability, you can choose pedestal fans.

But when space is an issue there is nothing better than wall-mounted fans. These fans

work a little differently from the usual ceiling fans. While a ceiling fan circulates air,

wall-mounted fans push air around the area they are placed. The basic advantage of

wall-mounted fans is they help to save a lot of floor space, circulate air, and enhance

instant evaporative air movement.

The Polar India (2021). These comparisons helped the researchers decide which

type of fan to employ. Because wall fans take up less space than stand fans.

Climate of the Philippines

Base on Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services

Administration (2020) based on the average of all weather stations in the Philippines,

excluding Baguio, the mean annual temperature is 26.6 °C. The coolest months fall in

January with a mean temperature of 25.5 °C while the warmest month occurs in May

with a mean temperature of 28.3 °C. Latitude is an insignificant factor in the variation

of temperature while altitude shows greater contrast in temperature.

The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services

Administration (2020). These statistics provided the researchers with an approximation

of the precise temperature that will be applied in temperature sensor.

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Design and Implementation of Automatic Room Temperature Controlled Fan using

Arduino Uno and LM35 Heat Sensor

As eloquently stated by (International Journal of Engineering Creativity &

Innovation, 2019) speed level manually when the room’s temperature changed. So, the

automatic fan system that automatically changes the speed level according to

temperature changes is recommended to be built for solving this problem. Hence, the

objectives for this project are to enable the electric fan to automatically change the

speed level according to temperature changes and develop an automatic fan system that

can change the speed level due to the environment temperature changes.

The aforementioned International Journal of Engineering Creativity &

Innovation (2019) project are to make it so that the electric fan's speed level changes

automatically when the temperature does and to make an automatic fan system that can

change the speed level when the temperature does.

Room Temperature based Fan Speed Control System using Pulse Width Modulation

Technique

As mentioned by Vaibhav & Gavish, (2013), the design and simulation of a

novel fan speed control system based on room temperature using Pulse width

Modulation Technique. The duty cycle is made to vary according to the room

temperature and the fan speed is controlled accordingly. This paper elucidates how the

autonomous speed control of fan is done based on data from the temperature sensor.

The design proposed here is appropriate according to the modern lifestyle.

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This aforementioned Vaibhav Bhatia, Gavish Bhatia (2013) aims to make the electric

fan's speed level changes automatically when the temperature does change and the fan

system that can change the speed level when the temperature does.

Review of Related Studies

Local Studies

AndroiDuino-Fan: A speech recognition Fan Speed Control System utilizing Filipino

Voice Commands

According to Dioses, (2020) A controller controlled the devices which can be

located at home, such as television, air conditioning, lightning, electric fans, etc. Only use

as an existing Bluetooth transmission with an Arduino and smartphone. The voice

recognition using Filipino Language was used for automatically controlled the electric

fan speed from speed no.1 to speed no.4. The user makes use of voice commands to

perform certain actions.

The researchers determine the study according to its level of electric fan that the

author mention. Controlling automatically the fan that they used. It also shows the main

controlling system is the Arduino.

Arduino Based Automatic Air Control System with Pulse Width Modulation
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In the study of Castillo & Caldo, (2017) Arduino Programming is used in order to

control the Automatic Air Control System. Temperature sensors are added in order to

monitor the changes in the temperature. They have 12v DC fan connected to the Arduino.

As the temperature changes, the Arduino sends signal to the fan, depending on the

temperature reading, the fan speed will vary from levels 1 up to 3. And the user will be

expecting temperature as low as 15 degrees Celsius.

The said researchers wanted to have an alternative solution in being in a tropical

country that experience hot and humid climate without using buying expensive air

conditioning units and coolers.

Foreign Studies

Humidity Based Automated Room Temperature Controller Using IoT

The study conducted by Farah & Sharmin et.al, (2019) automation is achieved

through using a microcontroller which facilitates auto room temperature controlling

and toggle switching. The electric fan adjusts the speed dynamically depending on the

variations in the temperature of the environment. This electrical hardware fan system

includes a combination of sensor, controller, driver and motor with the incorporation of

embedded guided programming. The system takes the temperature sensor data, passes

it to the microcontroller and controls the AC heater in the output and displays the

output status in the LCD screen. By automating all these processes, it is possible to

control room temperature and humidity according to the user's necessity.

This research proposed a peerless methodology and implementation for an

automatic switching speed electric fan, and control room temperature. The resulting
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system has the added benefit of no harmful refrigerants poisoning the environment.

Automatic Fan Speed Control using Temperature and Humidity Sensor and Arduino

As studied by Sharmin & Kaushik et.al, (2018) controlling the speed of the fan

automatically using Arduino, temperature, and humidity sensors. Fan speed needs to be

manually controlled every time but by using this idea the speed of the fan will be

automatically adjusted according to the surrounding environment. The project is based

on the concept of the Internet of Things (IOT). A simple strategy to automatically

control the speed of the fan using DHT22 sensor. According to the temperature sensed

by the temperature and humidity sensor the resistance of the fan will be adjusted to

change the fan speed.

The researchers determine that Arduino, temperature and humidity sensor will

form an idea to control the fan speed and adjust according to its changes in

environment of a classroom.

Automatic Fan Speed Control using Temperature and Humidity Sensor and Arduino

Kaushik,Chouhan et al., (2018), the study of DHT22 is aimed at controlling

the speed of the fan automatically using Arduino, temperature, and humidity sensors.

Fan speed needs to be manually controlled every time but by using this idea the speed

of the fan will be automatically adjusted according to the surrounding environment

The researchers studied that DHT22 sensor is used to sense the temperature and

then the speed of the fan is adjusted accordingly using PWM.

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Automatic Temperature Controlled Household Electric Ceiling Fan

In the study of Oduah, (2017) the device uses a temperature sensor; a

comparator unit and relay switch to automatically regulate the speed of the electric

ceiling fan, creating breeze to enhance convective heat transfer. The developed

household electric fan automatically changes speed in five different ascending levels

with respect to the calibrated temperature range of the environment

This study revealed additional information by employing a relay switch to

automatically regulate the speed of an electric ceiling fan in five ascending stages

based on the calibrated temperature range of the surroundings.

Conceptual Framework

This conceptual framework defines each research phase from the analysis of the study

until evaluating the findings. It will also complement the existing conversations around

the conceptual perspectives that inform the research process. Each phase and its process

and outputs has shown in Figure 2.1.

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Research Paradigm

Input Process Output

 Arduino  Project Planning Final project

output device
Uno Mega  Project Design

 Humidity  Project Development

Evaluation of
Sensor  Functional and Faculty and
Electronics
DHT11 Operational Testing Experts
 Motion  Trial and Error
Sensor  Revisionism
 Wall fan
 Rectification
 4 Pins
 Finalization
Relay
Figure 2.1. Conceptual Model of fan speed controller

In figure 2.1, the research paradigm utilizes IPO since the study is a project

development. It describes all data to make a basic conventional of the fan speed

controller then shows the process to undertake in developing the final output, validation

of the input data, testing and operating procedure to ensure its components and

developed to lead for the completion of the final output shown in the box and the final

output device and the fourth and last box show this step is being developed, an

evaluation to the users will follow for its applicability and acceptability.
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In input, the materials used are Arduino Uno Mega in which it controls all the

system that was inputted in the loop program. Humidity sensor DHT11 use as detection

for temperature and Motion Sensor signifies as sensor that will sense automatically

human presence. The said sensor will not count the specific number of persons that will

enter in the classroom. 4 pins Relay served as the one that will control the speed level and

maintain proper ventilation of temperature. Wall fan serve as the primary machine to do

the study. Project planning, project design, project development, functional and operating

testing, trial and error, revisionism, rectification and finalization served as the process to

come up in the final project output device. Moreover, the evaluation of faculty and

electronics technical experts.

Definition of Terms

The following terms being defined are the components that evolve in the study.

Arduino Uno Mega. This refers to a low-cost, flexible, and easy-to-use programmable

open-source microcontroller board. As used in this study it set up and loop the program

that inputted.

Electrical Wire. This refers to an electro technical component used to transport

electricity to transmit energy and information. As used in this study wires are used

for establishing electrical conductivity of the four-wall fan.

Humidity Sensor. This refers to a sensor electronic component that measures the

humidity in its environment and converts its findings into a corresponding electrical
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signal. As used in the study this sensor is the one who detect the temperature inside the

classroom.

Motion Sensor. This is referring to a sensor that emits sound waves toward an object

and determines its distance by detecting reflected waves. As used in this study these

enable to detect numbers of persons inside the classroom.

Relay. This term are electrically operated switches that open and close the circuits by

receiving electrical signals from outside sources. In the study it is used to switch the

speed button of the fan automatically.

Wall Fan. This term refers to a powered machine used to create a flow of air. As used

this study wall-mounted fans push air around the area they are installed in.
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Chapter 3

OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK

Project Design

The goal of this research is to produce an improved the air temperature to create

a better air to reduce the hotness inside the classroom with a constant temperature. This

process is most commonly used to achieve comfortable and improve environment.

The project design depicted the many elements and components required to

finish the wall fan speed controller. This illustration in figure 2 discusses the block

diagram and flow of the Automatic wall fan speed controller.

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Figure 3.1. Block diagram of Automatic Wall Fan Speed Controller

In figure 3.1, the researchers represent the block diagram that shows the flow of

wall mounted fans push air around the area they are installed in.

It shows the end-to-end flow of operations of the product. When the device is plug in

then it supplies current to Arduino board and the Arduino receive a command from

humidity and ultra-sonic sensor which enable to detect the presence of a person inside the

classroom. The Arduino command the relays to automatically switch the speed button of

the fan and then wall-mounted fans push air around the area that they are installed in.
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Project Development Procedure

The project development shows how the researchers plan the development of

Automatic Wall Fan Speed Controller. The procedures present through flowchart to show

the phases or steps in the development of the project.

START

Gathering of data and

determine research on how to Do analysis to this
make an Automatic Wall Fan design.
Speed Controller

No Validating the
design of the
project

Yes
Gathering Materials
No

Constructing the final designs using

Testing and suitable steps or techniques and apply
Operating it on Automatic Wall Fan Speed
Procedure Controller

Evaluation Validation of the

Final Output
Yes

END
Figure 3.2. Flowchart of Automatic Wall Fan Speed Controller
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Step 1: Determines the preparation of the study on how we gather data to choose our

study.

Step 2: We do analyzation on what will be the final design of the project.

Step 3: Validating the design of the project that is validated by the adviser, instructor and

other experts.

Step 4: Explains the decision making if they will proceed to the next steps or to find

another study.

Step 5: We gathered materials that will be used in the trainer and construct the design.

Step 6: After gathering data, we construct a suitable steps and techniques that is

applicable on the Thermoelectric Aircon.

Step 7: Testing the final project, if it will be functionable. It indicates the YES and NO. If

yes it will be proceeded to the next steps, if no it will go back to the previous stage.

Step 8: The validation of the final output that determines on the total performance of the

project.

Testing and Operating Procedure

In this section, the researchers conducted testing and operating procedure to test

the Reliability, Functionality and Craftsmanship of the components and operation. The

problems met where revisions are made until the project has reach its good and

acceptable performance. This project is all about improving the airflow and efficiency

of Automatic Wall Fan Speed Controller.

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Testing Procedure

In this procedure, the researcher is going to use the multi-tester to check the

output of the Automatic Wall Fan Speed Controller and also to check it’s current.

Step 1. Test the temperature by staying at the room for 10-20 minutes

Step 2. Test wall fan speed using tester.

Test run and Installation

Step 1: Place the wall fan 1-3 feet below the ceiling

Step 2: Place the motion sensor in the center of the ceiling

Step 3: Connect all the devices properly

Step 4: Review the wire connection on its designated terminal without any shorted.

Step 5: Start the operation

Operating Procedure

After activation of serves the all operation check the Automatic Wall Fan Speed

Controller if it's working.

Step 1: Plug in the power cord to the outlet for the 220 volts AC supply.

check the speed of the fan.

Step 2: Wall fan has three speed levels consisting of four buttons, ON/OFF.

Step 3: Button 1 indicates as slowest speed, suitable for lower room temperature.

Step 4: Button 2 indicates as medium speed, suitable for medium high room temperature.

Step 5: Button 3 indicates as a fastest speed, suitable for a high room temperature.

Step 6: Wall Fan automatically Turn Off if there is no person inside the classroom.
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Step 7: Test the Automatic Wall Fan Speed Controller (air).

Step 8: If everything is functional without any problems the Automatic Wall Fan

Speed Controller can now perform it properly.

Evaluating Procedure

In this phase the evaluation of the overall performance of the project must be done

to determine the project’s reliability, validity, and craftmanship, which also becomes the

basis for the project improvement. The expert evaluator and the projected end-users of

the project are the most important actors in this aspect.

Evaluation of the Project Outcome

The researcher will evaluate the project development using descriptive statistic

utilizing the Likert Scale shown in Table1 that measures the acceptability in terms of the

validity, craftmanship, and reliability of the final project outcome. The following

criteria’s for evaluating the project is listed below:

Functionality of the project - Evaluation in terms of the functions of each

component accordingly.

Reliability of the project - Performing in terms of consistent working of the

operation of the project.

Craftsmanship - Able to make the project convenient and authentic to work.

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Step 1: The researchers will ask permission to the Dean of College of Engineering
Technology.
Step 2: The researchers will gather 50 respondents to answer the survey questionnaire.
Step 3: The researchers will conduct an orientation to orient the respondents for the right
way of answering the questionnaire.
Step 4: The respondents will answer the questionnaire.
Step 5: The researchers will collect the survey questionnaire after answering it.
Step 6: The researchers will analyze the responses.
Step 7: The researchers will write up the survey result.

The Automatic Wall Fan Speed Controller had already undergone testing

procedures and now the temperature will be evaluated using the thermometer and multi-

tester.

Descriptive Statistics is used in the evaluation of the Automatic Wall Fan Speed

Controller performance essay/concepts in terms of functionality and reliability. (5)

Point rating scale with the following adjective rating.

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Chapter 4

Results and Findings

In this chapter, the results and findings of the study will be presented step by step.

It includes interpretation, presentation of data gathered by the researchers and how to use

different instrument to measure its output and evaluate how the project work well. The

following will describe the characteristics and discuss of the project characteristics.

Project Description

A fan speed controller that automatically maintains and turns on the fan using an

Arduino device has the advantages of being ecologically friendly, having no refrigerants,

being extremely compact, having great reliability, having no moving parts and being

readily integrated.

Project Structure

The figure below showed the actual dimensions of Automatic fan speed controller.

Front View Side View

455 mm

215 mm 430 mm

Figure () Automatic Fan Controller.

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Specifications

The researchers will provide thorough description of the design and materials

used to create Automatic Fan Controller

 Wattage: 50 Watts

 Voltage: 230V A.C. 60Hz

 N.W: 2.5 Kgs.

 G.W.: 3.2 Kgs

 Size: 455x215x430mm
Figure ( ) MITSU TECH MWF-16

 Voltage: 5V – 20V

 Power Consumption: 65Ma

 Delay time: Adjustable (. 3-

>5min) Figure () HC-SR501

 Operating Voltage: 3.5V to 5.5V

 Operating current: 0.3mA

(measuring) 60uA (standby)

 Output: Serial data

 Temperature Range: 0°C to 50°C

 Humidity Range: 20% to 90%

 Resolution: Temperature and

Humidity both are 16-bit

Figure () DHT11-TEMPERATURE and
 Accuracy: ±1°C and ±1%
HUMIDITY SENSOR
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 Input: 100 - 240 V AC, 50/60Hz

 Output Voltage: available 5v

DC,9v DV and 12V DC,

 Max Wattage: 24W

 Power cord length: 3.9ft/1.2m

 Diameter of connector: interior

Figure () BOSCA AC-DC Power Supply
2.1mm; exterior: 5.5mm

 4-Channel 5V Relay Kit

 Highly reliable NEC DIP relay

with 5V coil voltage.

 SDPT Contact capable of carrying

2A each.

 Logic Low activating input.

Figure () 4CH-RELAY-KIT GIZMO

 BRAND: Philflex

 ITEM: #22 Flat Cord AWG22

 DESCRIPTION: Duplex Wire

 Size: 0:30mm2 x 2c 22/2

Figure () Flat Cord
 SPECFICIATIONS: 60c, 300V

 Temperature Range: -58°F ~

158°F(-50°C ~ 70°C)

 Temperature Accuracy: ±1°F

 Humidity Range: 10% ~ 99%

 27

 Refresh Rate: 5 seconds Figure () Digital Thermometer

 Microcontroller: ATmega2560

 Operating Voltage: 5V

 Input Voltage: 7-12V

 Input Voltage (limit): 6-20V

 Analog Input Pins: 16

 DC Current Per I/O Pin: 20 mA

 DC Current for 3.3V Pin: 50 mA

 Flash Memory: 256 KB

 SRAM: 8KB

 EEPROM: 4KB

 CLOCK SPEED: 16 MHz

 LED-BUILTIN: 13

 LENGTH: 101.52 mm
Figure () Arduino Mega
 WIDTH 53.3MM
 28

 Housing for HC-SR501 modules

 Adjustable 180 Degrees

Figure () Motion Sensor Case

 30 meters

 Orange color

Figure () Electrical Flexible Hose

 Wire Socket

 Male and Female Terminal

Figure () Wire Connectors

 BRAND: PhilFlex

 ITEM: #18 Royal Cord

 4 wires inside

Figure () Royal Cord

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 BRAND: Broadway

 ITEM: #24 Shielded Wire

 5 + 1 Wires

Figure () Shielded Wire

Project Capabilities and Limitations

This part discusses the capabilities and limitations of the whole system as well as

the different components in Automatic Fan Controller.

The capability of this study is to illustrate and demonstrate the basic connections

of each component and to show the actual exercises. To give a knowledge on how

Automatic Fan Controller being installed.

Limitations

 The users cannot decide their desire speed level.

 The angle of the fan cannot be easily adjusted.

 The steady-swing is manually controlled.

 The project is intended for rooms that has easy access of air ventilation.

Components

 Mitsu Tech MFW-16 – used to circulating air in rooms and buildings; for

cooling motors and transmissions; for cooling and drying people, materials, or
 30

products; for exhausting dust and noxious fumes; for conveying light materials;

for forced draft in steam boilers; and in heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning

systems.

 HC-S4501 – used to measure an object's distance via ultrasonic sound waves. An

ultrasonic sensor transmits and receives ultrasonic pulses using a transducer to

determine the proximity of a person.

 DHT11-TEMPERATURE and HUMIDITY SENSOR - used for a variety of

purposes, including determining temperature and humidity levels in HVAC

(heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems.

 BOSCA AC-DC POWER SUPPLY - used to convert electric current from a

source to the correct voltage, current, and frequency to power the load.

 4CH RELAY KIT GIZMO - used to enable the management of heavy current

loads with a modest quantity of electrical current. A tiny number of current flows

through the coil when voltage is applied, while a greater quantity of current flows

through the contacts to regulate the electrical load.

 FLAT CORD - used to enable the encasing of power, signal, video, data, and

even pneumatic tubing in a single flat profile, allowing for compact designs of

electrical conductors and tubing. They offer less space and weight and incredibly

long lifetimes by doing away with the several layers of fillers, shielding, and

jacketing that are utilized in round cables.

 DIGITAL THERMOMETER - used to confirm that a smart temperature

transmitter is calibrated properly and works well under flowing situations.

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 ARDUINO MEGA - The Arduino will act as the controller for all the other parts

of the automated fan controller; it will be the primary component and determine if

the fans will operate and what amount of fan should be provided based on the

information the Arduino receives from the sensor.

Features:

 It is powered by 230 V AC.

 The benefits of the fan speed controller are that it employs a humidity sensor to

automatically regulate the temperature.

 Motion sensor switch on or shut off the fan; by employing this function, power

consumption may be reduced.

Project Functioning Operations and Testing Results

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Project Evaluation Results

On this part shows the results of the testing and operating procedure of the

Automatic Fan Controller

Sample and Procedures

Purposive sampling is used in the survey by dispatching 50 evaluation

questionnaires of students and instructors of Electronics and Automotive Technology

Engineering Department. The survey participants were chosen because of their technical

experience.

Evaluation Instrument

The researcher does questionnaire use to evaluate one or more aspects from the

respondents.

Criteria for Evaluation

Functionality of the project - Evaluation in terms of the functions of each

component accordingly.

Reliability of the project - Performing in terms of consistent working of the

operation of the project.

Craftsmanship - Able to make the project convenient and authentic to work.

Rating Scale

Functionality Rating Scale

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Numerical rating Adjective rating Scale range

5 Extremely Functional 4.21 – 5.00

4 Functional 3.41 – 4.20

3 Moderately Functional 2.61 – 3.40

2 Less Functional 1.81 – 2.60

1 Not Functional 1.00 – 1.80

Table 3.1. Five Point Functionality Rating Scale

Table 3.1, shows the scale that the researchers will use in conducting the survey

to evaluate the effectiveness of the research product. The 50 chosen respondents will

rate the product with the scale range; 1.49- below indicate not functional, 1.50-2.49

indicate less functional, 2.50- 3.49 indicate moderately functional, 3.50-4.49 indicate

functional, and 4.50-above indicate extremely functional.

Reliability Rating Scale

Numerical rating Adjective rating Scale range

5 Extremely Reliable 4.21 – 5.00

4 Reliable 3.41 – 4.20

3 Moderately Reliable 2.61 – 3.40

2 Less Reliable 1.81 – 2.60

1 Not Reliable 1.00 – 1.80

 34

Table 3.2 Five Point Reliability Rating Scale

In table 3.2 Shows the rating scale that is used to represent respondents’

feedback and to gather comparative information about the reliability of the research

project. The abovementioned scale rating has its different adjective rating which; 1.49 –

below signify as Not Reliable, 1.50 – 2.49 as Less Reliable, 2.50 – 3.49 as Moderately

Reliable, 3.50 – 4.49 as Reliable, and 4.49 – 5.00 as Extremely Reliable.

Craftsmanship Rating Scale

Numerical rating Adjective rating Scale range

5 Excellent 4.21 – 5.00

4 Good 3.41 – 4.20

3 Satisfactory 2.61 – 3.40

2 Fair 1.81 – 2.60

1 Poor 1.00 – 1.80

Table 3.3 Five-point Craftmanship Rating Scale

In table 3.2 Shows the rating scale that is used to represent respondents’

feedback and to gather comparative information about the craftmanship of the research

project. The abovementioned scale rating has its different adjective rating which; 1.49 –
 35

below signify as Very Poor, 1.50 – 2.49 as Poor, 2.50 – 3.49 as Average, 3.50 – 4.49 as

Excellent, and 4.49 – 5.00 as Outstanding.

Statistical Tools

Weighted mean, Standard Deviation, Frequency Count and Percentage were used to

determine how the product was evaluated. Paired Sample Test is also used to compare the

means of each criterion. This is to distinguish the relationship among standards of the

evaluation.

Results and Findings

Chapter 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary
 36

Conclusion

Recommendation

REFERENCES
 37

Bhatia, Vaibhav, and Gavish Bhatia (2013). “Room Temperature Based Fan Speed

Control System Using Pulse Width Modulation Technique.” International

Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 81, no. 5, 15 Nov. 2013, pp. 35–40,

www.ijcaonline.org/archives/volume81/number5/14011-2067

Castillo & Caldo (2017). “Arduino Based Automatic Air Control System with Pulse

Width Modulation”. Advanced Science Letters 23 (5), 3819-3832, 2017.

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?

hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=automatic+fan+speed+control+studies+in+philippines

&btnG=#d=gs_qabs&t=1675931225243&u=%23p%3DsauVnQ0n7ZgJ.

Dioses (2020). “AndroidDuino-Fan: A Speech Recognition Fan-Speed Control System

utilizing Filipino Voice Commands”. International Journal of Advanced Trends in

Computer Science and Engineering, vol. 9, no. 3, May- June 2020.

https://www.warse.org/IJATCSE/static/pdf/file/ijatcse84932020.pdf.

“Fan (Machine) (2023).” Wikipedia, 31 Jan. 2023,

en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fan_(machine)?fbclid=IwAR2xIzfJfecVtoHjM4rwj-

EnOyKOsR1ceEiinH_2WeuepnXVnlktT79zkcU.

India, Polar (2021). “What Should You Choose: Pedestal Fans vs Wall Mounted Fans?”

Polar Electric- Explore the Premium Range of Everyday Home Appliances, 2

Mar. 2021, www.polarelectric.in/blog/what-should-you-choose-pedestal-fans-vs-

wall-mounted-fans/?fbclid=IwAR1-

9MynYC3H4qx_x3LCee2oYF4bl6sWnpCJcDnkPUdIHqTvYcFIL2-f5Rw.

Jost, D. (2019) “What Is an Ultrasonic Sensor?” FierceElectronics, 7 Oct. 2019,

www.fierceelectronics.com/sensors/what-ultrasonic-sensor.
 38

Kah, Paul (2021). “Advancements in Intelligent Gas Metal Arc Welding Systems - 1st

Edition.” Www.elsevier.com, 23 June 2021,

www.elsevier.com/books/advancements-in-intelligent-gas-metal-arc-welding-

systems/kah/978-0-12-823905-6.

Kaushik, Suraj, et al (2018). “Automatic Fan Speed Control Using Temperature and

Humidity Sensor and Arduino.” International Journal of Advance Research,

Ideas and Innovations in Technology, vol. 4, no. 2, 21 Mar. 2018, pp. 453–457,

www.ijariit.com/manuscript/automatic-fan-speed-control-using-temperature-and-

humidity-sensor-and-arduino

Oduah, Uzoma (2017). “Automatic Temperature Controlled Household Electric Ceiling

Fan.” ResearchGate, Uzoma Oduah, June 2017,

www.researchgate.net/publication/323384762_Automatic_Temperature_Controll

ed_Household_Electric_Ceiling_Fan

OMRON Electronic Components. “What Is an Electrical Relay? | OMRON Electronic

Components - Asia Pacific.” Components.omron.com,

components.omron.com/sg-en/products/basic-knowledge/relays/basics?

fbclid=IwAR2nTseo8p-

8zEU_OxMcyh3gyCBd_91_DOMSNhgbGBR71ZXmXWYTwR6SjzI.

Othman, Wan Amir Fuad Wajdi. “Design and Implementation of Automatic Room

Temperature Controlled Fan Using Arduino Uno and LM35 Heat Sensor.”

International Journal of Engineering Creativity & Innovation,

www.academia.edu/40791930/Design_and_Implementation_of_Automatic_Roo

m_Temperature_Controlled_Fan_using_Arduino_Uno_and_LM35_Heat_Sensor
 39

PAGASA. (2021). Climate of the Philippines. Dost.gov.ph.

https://www.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/information/climate-philippines

Sharmin & Farah, et al (2019). “Humidity Based Automated Room Temperature

Controller Using IoT.” IEEE Xplore, 1 Dec. 2019,

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9032624/

Soren, Ghana Shyam, and Ram Ashish Gupta (2022). “Temperature Controlled DC Fan

Using Microcontroller.” DOCPLAYER, Clare Fox, 2022,

https://docplayer.net/43988597-Temperature-controlled-dc-fan-using-

microcontroller.html

“What Is Arduino UNO? | Arduino Uno Pinout & Program | DesignSpark (2021).”

Www.rs-Online.com, 24 June 2021, www.rs-online.com/designspark/what-is-

arduino-uno-a-getting-started-guide?

fbclid=IwAR29z6HscMj02gi_kNWMX1OKNaiVJo-

hSzcewn6N0QhFIeU3BdMhTIx412E.

.
 40

APPENDIX A

Work Plan

WORK PLAN ACTIVITIES TIME FRAME

1 PLANNING STAGE
1.1 DISTRIBUTION OF WORK ASSIGNMENT January 23-31,
2023
1.2 SELECTING VENUE TO CONDUCT
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
1.3 DESCISION MAKING
2 PREPARING STAGE
2.1 CANVASSING OF MATERIALS February 1-17,
2023
2.2 PRUCHASING OF MATERIALS
2.3 VALIDATION OF EVALUATION TOOLS
3 PRODUCT DEVELOPING STAGE
3.1 PCB LAYOUT (PCB ETCHING) February 20-28,
2023
3.2 PCB DRILLING
3.3 COMPONENS SETTING AND SOLDERING March 1-31, 2023
3.4 WIRING INSTALLATION
3.5 PRODUCT ASSYMBLING
4 TESTING AND EVALUATING STAGE
4.1 FUNCTIONAL TESTING April 17-28, 2023
4.2 TESTING AND COMMISSIONING
5 DATA PROCESSING STAGE
5.1 TABULATION OF DATA May 1-5, 2023
5.2 COMPUTATION OF RESULT
5.3 INTERPRETATION OF DATA
6 WRITING STAGE
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6.1 WRITING PRELIMINARIES PARTS May 8-12, 2023

6.2 WRITING PARTS OF A THESIS
6.3 WRITING REFERENCES AND APPENDIX
6.4 WRITING CURRICULUM VITAE
7 ORAL EXAMINATION STAGE
7.1 PREPARATION FOR ORAL EXAMINATION May 15-31, 2023
7.2 ORAL EXAMINATION AND REVISION OF
THESIS
7.3 SUBMISSION AND RETRIEVAL OF THE
THESIS
7.4 FINAL ENCODING OF THE THESIS
7.5 BINDING THE THESIS
7.6 SUBMISSION OF THE BOUND THESIS TO
THE PANEL OF EXAMINERS
TOTAL: 5 Months
 42

APPENDIX B

Budgetary Outlay

ITEM DESCRIPTION QUANTITY UNIT TOTAL

NO. PRICE PRICE
1 Wall Fan 4 799.00 3,196.00
2 5V Power Supply 1 162.00 162.00
3 9V Power Supply 1 162.00 162.00
4 5V Relay 4 211.50 846.00
5 Motion Sensor 1 108.00 432.00
6 Humidity Sensor 1 175.00 175.00
7 Arduino Uno Mega 1 750.00 750.00
8 Royal Cord 30m 50.80 1,524.00
9 Shielded Wire 35m 25.00 875.00
10 Socket Wires 4 set 50.00 200.00
11 Socket 8pcs 35.00 280.00
12 Jumper Wires 60pcs 8.00 480.00
13 Flexible Hose 30m 16.50 495.00
14 Flat Cord 30m 11.65 349.50
15 Motion Sensor Case 4pcs 96.00 384.00
16 Miscellaneous/ Accessories 300.00 300.00
GRAND TOTAL: P 10,261.50
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CURRICULUM

VITAE
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