Republic of the Philippines

Central Mindanao University

University Town, Musuan, 8710 Bukidnon
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

COMPUTATIONAL LABORATORY WORKBOOK

FOR AIR CONDITIONING

Submitted by:

Kezia Mae N.Jalandoni

Submitted to:

Constancio M. Verula Jr.

June 30, 2023

 PREFACE

This laboratory workbook is based on the general content of the

air conditioning subject whose description had been prescribed by the
Commission on Higher Education at least at the minimum level. Each
topic in the content on the lecture part of the subject has been
represented by an activity. Students are asked to state the principles,
relationships, concepts, diagrams in each activity as a way of
reinforcing their understanding of the subject matter which is very vital
in reinforcing their understanding of the very subject matter. Groupings
are sometimes allowed to promote teamwork and cooperation which is
very vital in their working environment as they practice their Mechanical
Engineering profession. This all-inclusive approach is aimed to
enhance the learning experience of the student hereby contributes to
the realization of the general and specific objectives of the subject.
Each activity will be accomplished during the laboratory period in such
a manner that students can be guided and assisted by their instructor.
If instructions are to be done on an online basis, additional
specific activities will be given to each student to be more effective in
avoiding copying and duplications.

To the Student

This workbook is a laboratory requirement of the laboratory part

of the subject which is 50% of the final grade. It is therefore a must for
you to accomplish this workbook with proficiency, diligence, and active
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participation in every laboratory session. You should always be
prepared in every session. Preparations include prior readings of the
activities from textbooks and other related materials. If you have some
questions or problems, do not hesitate to approach your instructor in
the ME office during consultation hours

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface 2
To the student 3
Guidelines and General Information 5

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Activity 1:
Fluid flow in air conditioning ducts
Activity 2:
Psychrometry – Air elementary processes

Activity 3:
Cooling Loads – cooling load calculation
Activity 4:
Methods of handling air to the conditioned space –
All outside air with reheater
Activity 5:
Methods of handling air to the conditioned space –
Outside air with recirculated air supplied
Activity 6:
Methods of handling air to the conditioned space –
Outside air with recirculated and by-passed air supplied
Activity 7:
Dryers – Principles, operation, and calculation of dryers
Activity 8:
Duct sizing – Equal Friction Method

Activity 9:
Duct sizing – Static Regain Method
Design activity:
Design of an air conditioning system

GUIDELINES AND GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

1. Read carefully the objectives and instructions of this Instructional

Workbook.

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 2. This workbook is divided into two parts, computational activity,
and design. The latter weighs 35% of the laboratory grade.

3. Realize the general and specific objectives for each activity.

4. Under normal circumstances, you may be allowed to group

yourselves and share ideas and materials during the
computational laboratory session.

5. You are not allowed to detach any pages of this workbook. You
may use eraser tape if necessary. Keep this workbook neat and
clean. No unnecessary marks are permitted.

6. Before the session ends, read the succeeding activity to know

what books, references, and materials will be needed in the
following session.

7. Some given problems are in need to be supplied with specific

data. Supply only data within the specified range.

8. Have a post-discussion among your group members are allowed

within your group.

9. You can only use the provided formatted pages. No extra pages
are allowed. On the design portion, create a pouch at the inside
portion of the back cover for you to place the extra documents
that you used in the design.

10. Your workbook will be handed to you before the session starts
and will be collected after by the attending instructor or laboratory
technician.

11. Those who are found to have the same accomplished activities
with other students will be given a zero grade.

All Outside Air with the Reheater

The use of outside air with no recirculation is uneconomical unless the

outside conditions are close in the temperature and humidity to the inside

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conditions-maintained Recirculation is impracticable in space where
objectionable odors arise. In all outside air with reheater, before the air
enters at the conditioner it passes to a filter that will remove solid
contaminants such as smoke, pollen, dust, grease and mold that may hinder
the flow of air and to ensure better air quality for the occupants. Then the air
enters to conditioner that will cools the air and becomes saturated. After the
air is cooled and saturated, it enters to a reheater that pulls out the moisture
and then the air passes to a fan which supplies the conditioned air in the
condition space/room. Based on the psychrometric diagram, process 1-2 goes
in a cooling and dehumidifying process in which the air is cooled sensibly and
at the same time the moisture is removed from it. Process 2-3 goes in a
sensible heating in which the temperature of air is increased without
changing its moisture content. Process 3-4 goes in a heating and humidifying
process in which the moisture particles get evaporated and get absorbed in
the air due to which moisture content of the air increases. The dry bulb
temperature of the air reduces, its wet bulb and the dew point temperature
increases, while its moisture content and thus the relative humidity also
increases.

Problem:
An operating theatre is maintained at an inside temperature of 24.35 °C, db
when the outside air is at 35 - 41.67°C db, 29 -34°C wb (sling) and the sensible
and latent heat gains are 7.7 - 10.24 kW and 2.73 – 4.32 kW, respectively.
Determine the cooling load if 100% fresh air handled, the air temperature
leaving the cooler coil being 10 - 13.78°C and the apparatus dew point 10 -
12°C. Assume a rise of 1 - 1.5°C across the supply fan (which is located after
the cooler coil) and a further rise of 2 – 3.1 °C because of heat gains to the
supply duct. Determine also the percentage saturation maintained in the
theatre under the same conditions.

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 Outside Air with Recirculated Air

Recirculating part of air is more economical than using all outside air, as the
temperature of the recirculated air is usually more favorable than that of the
outside air. In the ordinary conditioner, the air must be cooled to a relative
low temperature to condense the surplus humidity, and when this
temperature is too low for comfortable delivery to the conditioned space,
some reheating of the dehumidified air is necessary. In outside air with
recirculated air, the air outside enters in a filter that will remove dust from
the air drawn in from the outside to be cooled and then circulated through
the room. Then, the air is cooled at the conditioner until it becomes
saturated. Cooled air is now being added by heat in the reheater for humidity
control and for occupants’ comfort. Also, the reheater pulls out the moisture.
Then the air passes to a fan which supplies the conditioned air in the
condition space/room. The air that is supplied to a condition room is now
being recirculated back to the conditioner. Before it goes back to a
conditioner, it passes to a filter to remove the unwanted contaminants or
particles. The purpose of recirculating the air so that the room can keep
getting cooler and cooler based on the human comfort, instead of using the
all outside air which is much hotter. This is proper ventilation should be
considered in air conditioning as it provide healthy air for breathing by both
diluting the pollutants originating in the building and removing the pollutants
from it.
Problem
Using all outside air with 54 – 65 % recirculation system, determine the
refrigerating load, fan capacity, and heat requirement of a building situated
in the center area of Malaybalay City, if the room air is maintained at 23 -
25.5 ºC and relative humidity of 45 - 60.20 %. The sensible heat ratio is 80 -
89.50% where the estimated sensible heat gain is 12.3 – 15 kW. Assume the
atmospheric air condition. Draw the schematic diagram with labels and the
corresponding psychrometric diagram.

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 OUTSIDE AIR WITH RECIRCULATED AND BY-PASSED AIR

In the bypass system, part of the recirculated air is controlled by damper

action in order to make it bypass the conditioner. This warmer bypass air is
use to reheat the air leaving the refrigerated coils to a more suitable
temperature for distribution at the grille outlets. The outside air passes
through a filter before it enters to the conditioner. As the air enters the
conditioner it cools the water came from the outside of the system. Then the
air goes to the reheater to reheat the temperature based on the comfort of
the occupants and to pulls out the moisture. After the air is reheated it is
delivered to the fan to be supplied in the conditioned space. Then the
recirculated air passes first through a filter before it enters to a conditioner to
remove the contaminants then bypass air also passes a filter before it is
mixed with the air coming from the conditioner. Warmer bypass air serves as
a reheater that reheats the leaving air in the refrigerated coils. Then the fan
delivers the air to the conditioned space.

Problem:
Using your own supplied data as required, determine the volume of air that
should flow from the bypassed line if the supplied standard air volumetric
flow rate and temperature are, 200 - 254.45 m3 /min and 15 -18 ºC dry bulb
respectively. Also, find appropriate supply air temperature in the space if its
temperature and relative humidity are 23.4 – 25.7 ºC and 50.7 - 65%
respectively. The space heat gain is 40,000 - 60,000 kJ/kg with the moisture
gain is 5 - 7 kg/hr and the room heat ratio is 68 - 80%. Assume the building is
situated in the central part of Makati City. The 54 – 65 % recirculation is
equipped of a by-passed system as mentioned aboved. Draw the schematic
diagram with labels and the corresponding psychrometric diagram.

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