Outside Air with Recirculated Air

Recirculating part of air is more economical than using all outside air, as the
temperature of the recirculated air is usually more favorable than that of the
outside air. In the ordinary conditioner, the air must be cooled to a relative low
temperature to condense the surplus humidity, and when this temperature is too
low for comfortable delivery to the conditioned space, some reheating of the
dehumidified air is necessary. In outside air with recirculated air, the air outside
enters in a filter that will remove dust from the air drawn in from the outside to
be cooled and then circulated through the room. Then, the air is cooled at the
conditioner until it becomes saturated. Cooled air is now being added by heat in
the reheater for humidity control and for occupants’ comfort. Also, the reheater
pulls out the moisture. Then the air passes to a fan which supplies the
conditioned air in the condition space/room. The air that is supplied to a
condition room is now being recirculated back to the conditioner. Before it goes
back to a conditioner, it passes to a filter to remove the unwanted contaminants
or particles. The purpose of recirculating the air so that the room can keep getting
cooler and cooler based on the human comfort, instead of using the all outside air
which is much hotter. This is proper ventilation should be considered in air
conditioning as it provide healthy air for breathing by both diluting the pollutants
originating in the building and removing the pollutants from it.
Problem
Using all outside air with 54 – 65 % recirculation system, determine the
refrigerating load, fan capacity, and heat requirement of a building situated in the
center area of Malaybalay City, if the room air is maintained at 23 - 25.5 ºC and
relative humidity of 45 - 60.20 %. The sensible heat ratio is 80 - 89.50% where the
estimated sensible heat gain is 12.3 – 15 kW. Assume the atmospheric air
condition. Draw the schematic diagram with labels and the corresponding
psychrometric diagram.
 OUTSIDE AIR WITH RECIRCULATED AND BY-PASSED AIR
In the bypass system, part of the recirculated air is controlled by damper action in
order to make it bypass the conditioner. This warmer bypass air is use to reheat
the air leaving the refrigerated coils to a more suitable temperature for
distribution at the grille outlets. The outside air passes through a filter before it
enters to the conditioner. As the air enters the conditioner it cools the water
came from the outside of the system. Then the air goes to the reheater to reheat
the temperature based on the comfort of the occupants and to pulls out the
moisture. After the air is reheated it is delivered to the fan to be supplied in the
conditioned space. Then the recirculated air passes first through a filter before it
enters to a conditioner to remove the contaminants then bypass air also passes a
filter before it is mixed with the air coming from the conditioner. Warmer bypass
air serves as a reheater that reheats the leaving air in the refrigerated coils. Then
the fan delivers the air to the conditioned space.

Problem:
Using your own supplied data as required, determine the volume of air that
should flow from the bypassed line if the supplied standard air volumetric flow
rate and temperature are, 200 - 254.45 m3 /min and 15 -18 ºC dry bulb
respectively. Also, find appropriate supply air temperature in the space if its
temperature and relative humidity are 23.4 – 25.7 ºC and 50.7 - 65% respectively.
The space heat gain is 40,000 - 60,000 kJ/kg with the moisture gain is 5 - 7 kg/hr
and the room heat ratio is 68 - 80%. Assume the building is situated in the central
part of Makati City. The 54 – 65 % recirculation is equipped of a by-passed system
as mentioned aboved. Draw the schematic diagram with labels and the
corresponding psychrometric diagram.
 All Outside Air with the Reheater

The use of outside air with no recirculation is uneconomical unless the outside
conditions are close in the temperature and humidity to the inside conditions-
maintained Recirculation is impracticable in space where objectionable odors
arise. In all outside air with reheater, before the air enters at the conditioner it
passes to a filter that will remove solid contaminants such as smoke, pollen, dust,
grease and mold that may hinder the flow of air and to ensure better air quality
for the occupants. Then the air enters to conditioner that will cools the air and
becomes saturated. After the air is cooled and saturated, it enters to a reheater
that pulls out the moisture and then the air passes to a fan which supplies the
conditioned air in the condition space/room. Based on the psychrometric
diagram, process 1-2 goes in a cooling and dehumidifying process in which the air
is cooled sensibly and at the same time the moisture is removed from it. Process
2-3 goes in a sensible heating in which the temperature of air is increased without
changing its moisture content. Process 3-4 goes in a heating and humidifying
process in which the moisture particles get evaporated and get absorbed in the
air due to which moisture content of the air increases. The dry bulb temperature
of the air reduces, its wet bulb and the dew point temperature increases, while its
moisture content and thus the relative humidity also increases.

Problem:
An operating theatre is maintained at an inside temperature of 24.35 °C, db when
the outside air is at 35 - 41.67°C db, 29 -34°C wb (sling) and the sensible and
latent heat gains are 7.7 - 10.24 kW and 2.73 – 4.32 kW, respectively. Determine
the cooling load if 100% fresh air handled, the air temperature leaving the cooler
coil being 10 - 13.78°C and the apparatus dew point 10 - 12°C. Assume a rise of 1 -
1.5°C across the supply fan (which is located after the cooler coil) and a further
rise of 2 – 3.1 °C because of heat gains to the supply duct. Determine also the
percentage saturation maintained in the theatre under the same conditions.