Name: Kezia Mae N.

Jalandoni Date Performed: 09-09-2022

Subject: EE-35 ACDC Laboratory Date Due: 10-21-2022
Instructor: Mrs. Noveas Eroisa Rating: _______________

SEPARATE EXCITATION DYNAMO

TITLE

EXPERIMENT NO. 2

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

College Of Engineering
Central Mindanao University
Musuan, Bukidnon

1st Semester, SY 2022-2023

I. Introduction

What exactly is a Separate Excitation Dynamo? A separate excitation dynamo is

typically powered in tandem with the primary power generator. Excitation Alternator from
a 1930s Diesel Generating Set, with Excitation Dynamo Above. A tiny permanent-
magnet or battery-excited dynamo generates the field current for the larger generator.
These devices, like ordinary motors, have stators and rotors. The term "stator" refers to
the static portion of the component that houses the field windings. The rotor, or revolving
armature, is made up of armature coils or windings. A motor that is operated individually
has field coils that resemble shunt-wound coils. A separately excited dynamo uses a
separate source to excite both the armature coil and the field coil.

II. Objectives
1.Recording of the external characteristic
2.Recording of the regulation characteristic
3.Determination of the conventional efficiency

III. Materials and Components

1.1 Dc machine stator with commutator rotor and connected brushes
2.1 Ac machine stator with ring rotor and connected brushes
3.1 DL 10281 Supply Module
4.1 DL 10282 Measurement module
5. 1 DL 10283 Loads and rheostats
6. 1 DL 10125 Starting rheostat and synchronize
7. 3 Multi Testers
8. Circuit Wires

IV. Procedures
In executing in the said activity, the following procedures were considered. First,
is the assembling of the group synchronous motor - dynamo by using the stator of the
alternating current machine, completed with ring rotor and brushes, and the stator of
the direct current machine, completed with commutator rotor and brushes. For the
synchronous motor we refer to experiment N°21.  Then, carry out the circuit shown in
the previous topographical diagram.  Next, Set the supply module DL 10281 for a fixed
alternating voltage 24V/14A (selector "a0b" to position “a" and switch L1/L2/L3 to
position “0”) and set the selector "c0d" to position "0" with control knob to 0%).  And
then, set on the measurement module DL 10282 the voltmeter and the ammeters for
direct current measurements and observe the polarity (+ at red terminal).  Next, set the
module DL 10283 with the selector R to position "0" and the adjustment knob of the
rheostat RA = (1Ω + 2Ω) to position "b" (maximum resistance). And, set on the module
DL 10125 the starting rheostat switch to the position R1A and the control knob of the
direct source to 80 %: supply the module.  

After that, Activate the supply module and start the motor by setting the switch
L1/L2/L3 to position "1".  Gradually accelerate the motor by setting the starting rheostat
switch in sequence to the positions R2A, R3A and short circuit (last clockwise position
but one): the motor turns now with a speed next to the synchronism.  And synchronize
the induction motor by setting the starting rheostat switch to the last clockwise position:
the induction motor is in this way synchronized and it turns with the synchronous speed. 
Now set the supply module DL 10282 even for a variable direct voltage 0÷40V/5A
(selector "c0d” to position "c").   Next, Record the external characteristic of the generator
by measuring the voltage U at the terminals as a function of the load current I = I a, with
constant excitation current Ie. Finally, by means of the control knob adjust the current I e =
1A: this value must remain constant for the whole recording of the external
characteristic. After having measured the no-load voltage, measure the voltage for every
value of the load current delivered by the generator, obtained by suitably adjusting the
selector R and the load rheostat RA.  

V. Circuit diagram

VI. Result and Discussion

Load Ie (A) I (A) U (V)

∞ 1 0 37
R1+RA 1 2 33.9
R12+RA 1 3.5 32
R12+RA 1 3.7 31.9
R123+RA 1 4.5 30.8
R123+RA 1 4.06 30.2
R123+RA 1 5.5 ---

Table 1
Constant Value of Ie (A) = 1
40 37
35 33.9
32 31.9 30.8 30.2
30
25
20
15
10
3.7 4.5 4.06
5 3.5
2
0
0
∞ R1+RA R12+RA R12+RA R123+RA R123+RA

Load

I (A) U (V)
Discussion:
Based on the table above, the excitation current Ie has a constant value of 1A.
By sequentially setting the starting rheostat switch to positions R2A, R3A, and short
circuit it will gradually speed up the motor. In position R1+Ra, a load current of Ia=2 is
supplied, and it results to having an output voltage U(V) of 37 V. The sequence of the
experiment is shown in the table above, as the rheostat switches to other positions, the
load current was also changed then the result of the output voltage was then measured.
By looking at the graph and table, having a constant excitation current of 1A and a
gradually speeding up motor, we can say that, as the load current increases the Voltage
result decreases which they change proportionally. On the other hand, when there is no
load (I = 0). At this point, the output Voltage takes on its highest value

Load U I (A) Ie (A)

(V)
∞ 35 0 0.89
R1+RA 35 2 1.05
R12+RA 35 3.5 1.17
R12+RA 35 4 1.20
R123+RA 35 4.29 1.23
R123+RA 35 4.5 1.29

Table 2
Contant Value of U (V) = 35
4.29
5 4.5
4
4 3.5
3
2
2 1.20 1. 23
1.05 1.17 1.29
0.89
1
0
0
∞ R1+RA R12+RA R12+RA R123+RA

Load

I (A) Ie (A)

Discussion:
As shown in the table above, the provided voltage U(V) is always 35V. The motor
will progressively speed up by sequentially setting the starting rheostat switch to
positions R1+Ra through R123+Ra. A load current of Ia=2 is delivered in position
R1+Ra, resulting in an excitation current of Ie=1.05A. The experiment sequence is
depicted in the table above; as the rheostat was moved to different settings, the load
current was likewise varied, and the excitation current was measured. As shown in the
graph and table, a constant Supplied Voltage of 35V and a steadily increasing motor, it
can be interpreted when the load current increases, so does the excitation current, which
changes correspondingly. In contrast, when there is no load (I = 0). The excitation
current is at its lowest value at this point.

VII. Conclusion
Electromagnetism is the most prevalent source of magnetic fields in DC
generators. To generate a magnetic field, a current must flow through the conductors of
the electromagnet. For a DC generator to work effectively, the magnetic field must
always point in the same direction. As a result, direct current must pass through the field.
This current, also known as the field excitation current, can enter the field winding by
one of two channels. It can originate directly from the generator's output, or it can come
from a different DC source independent from the generator, in which case it is known as
a self-excited generator (for example, a separately excited generator). The cost is
generally higher than that of a self-excited generator. When self-excitation is insufficient,
separately stimulated generators are used. They would be used when normal operations
required a wide range of output voltage fluctuations or when the generator had to
respond quickly to an external control source. Finally, as seen in the first graph with
constant excitation current, when the load current grows, the supplied voltage
decreases. With a fixed supply voltage, as the load current increases, so does the
excitation current in the second graph.