OMKAR ENTERPRISE’S.

Internship Report
(1/08/2021 – 20/10/2021)

Navjeevan Education Society’s Polytechnic

Bhandup(W)

Submitted by,
Aditya Pramod Kurhade.
PIN_ME_05
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education
 Letter of Undertaking

To,
Pramod kurhade.
Founder ,
OMKAR ENTERPRISES .
Ghatkopar (w) Mumbai- 400084.
Subject: Submission of Internship Report.
Dear Sir,
I am pleased to submit my internship report as per your
instruction. While preparing this report, I have tried my level
best to include all the relevant information, explanations, things
I learned from the organization, my contribution to the
organization to make the report informative and comprehensive.
It would not have been possible to complete this report without
your assistance, of which I am very thankful. Learning for 3
month from you was amazing and a huge learning opportunity
for me. Also, it was a great experience to prepare this report
and I will be available for any clarification, if required.
Therefore, I pray and hope that you would be kind enough to
accept my Internship Report and oblige thereby.

Your’s Sincerely,
…………………………………………………..

SIGNATURE OF
Aditya .P. Kurhade
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am very thankful to Mr.Pramod Kurhade for giving me the

opportunity to undertake my summer training at their
prestigious OMKAR ENTERPRISES. It was a very good learning
experience for me to have worked in this internship.

I would like to convey my heartiest thanks to Mr. Pramod

Kurhade, Founder, I would also like to give my heart-felt
thanks to all my colleagues who guided and encouraged me all
through the Internship training and imparted in-depth
knowledge of this HVAC, I would like to thank for giving their
precious time and valuable guidance during my internship
programme.

I am extremely thankful to Mr. SonalKamble, Head of

department, Mechanical Engineering, Navjeevan
Education Society’s Polytechnic, Bhandup for providing us
this opportunity, without which this work would not have
been possible.

Last but not the least; I again like to thank OMKAR

ENTERPRISES, for being so helpful during this training
programme.
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

In this internship we got to know many things too which first before
this internship we were unknown for example like how HVAC works.

About OMKAR ENTERPRISES

Omkar Enterprises, located in Ghatkopar is one of the Historical and leading

technology and Industrial zone. Since its opening in 2000, Omkar ENTERPRISES,
has been dedicated to finding solutions to big challenges and to preparing
students for leadership in a complex.
Omkar Enterprises,was founded in 2000 by Pramod Kurhade . The Enterprises
objective is “to qualify its students for personal success, and direct usefulness
in life” and its purpose “to promote the public welfare by exercising an
influence in behalf of humanity and civilization.”
 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
 Organizational Hierarchy Chart

 Director
 Manager
 Side Engineer

 Junior Engineer

 Superviser
 Skill Empoleeys
 Intern

 No of Employees : 18

 Main office: Ram Malhari dhurwe chawl, Sanjay kokate

lane , Opp. Amrut Lahari co. Hsg.,Bhatwadi, GHATKOPAR
-west MUMBAI-400084
 PLAN OF ACTION

Omkar Enterprise’s, located in ghatkopar, is one of the Historical

and leading technology and Industrial zone. Since its opening in 2000,
omkar Enterprise’s has been dedicated to finding solutions to big
challenges and to preparing students for leadership in a complex.
Omkar Enterprises was founded in 2000 by Pramod Kurhade. The
aim of Omkar Enterprises is 1. Trained technician with strong
communication skills and excellent problem solving abilities seeking
an HVAC Apprenticeship with a reputable company such as Omkar
Enterprise’s.
2. Hardworking HVAC student with strong command of technical
concepts desires to put training to use as an HVAC apprentice with
Omkar Enterprise’s.
The centre’s objective is “to control the temperature of air inside the
designated “Air Conditioned” space along with control of moisture,
filtration of air and containment of air borne particles, supply of
outside fresh air for control of oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in
the air conditioned space, and finally .
A Pan - Mumbai based Omkar Enterprises is the most innovatively
ccompany and Interns approaching system which creates a more
diligent learning atmosphere. It's been 21 years and the trust been
put upon by the pupils and their employees is still overwhelming due
to its effective systematic methods of working.
The Internship training of Heat ventilation & Air conditioner plant
started on date 1/08/2021 and ended on 20/10/2021. We got
training in the working sides or place of the Omkar Enterprise’s.
 TRAINING PROGRAM

The internship program was comprised of many different concepts

and step by step utilization of it. In this phase of the report, I have
written a vague description of all the projects and assignments in a
chronological order by date. The first session was comprised of :-

Assignment on About HVAC-

The internship started on 12th of June and our first tasks were to
understand the surroundings and the workspace where we accumulate all
our tools and essential materials. As the workplace or more simply put
oursurroundings should be cleanand organized, all the tools and raw
materials must be kept in their respective order as per one’s convenience.
A clean workplace means more than just having a fresh or newly
renovated building. They gives basic information about HVAC like
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC)[1] is the use of
various technologies to control the temperature, humidity, and purity of
the air in an enclosed space. Its goal is to provide thermal comfort and
acceptable indoor air quality. HVAC system design is a subdiscipline
of mechanical engineering, based on the principles
of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer. "Refrigeration" is
sometimes added to the field's abbreviation as HVAC&R or HVACR, or
"ventilation" is dropped, as in HACR (as in the designation of HACR-
rated circuit breakers).

Rooftop HVAC unit with view of fresh-air intake vent

Ventilation duct with outlet diffuser vent. These are installed
throughout a building to move air in or out of rooms. In the middle is
a damper to open and close the vent to allow more or less air to enter
the space.

The control circuit in a household HVAC installation. The wires

connecting to the blue terminal block on the upper-right of the board
lead to the thermostat. The fan enclosure is directly behind the board,
and the filters can be seen at the top. The safety interlock switch is at
the bottom left. In the lower middle is the capacitor.

Assignment what is basics of HVAC ?-

 HVAC stands for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning. Are you
one of the few who knows which components make up an HVAC
system? If you’re not quite sure, Warner Service explains what’s going
on in the home HVAC system.
 The furnace. The furnace takes up a majority of the space in an
HVAC system. It’s usually in the basement, and it’s an
important component. The furnace moves air from the heat
exchanger into the air ducts. The furnace is usually confused
with boilers, but they’re different HVAC appliances. For more
info, check out Furnace Basics For Beginners.

 The heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is not part of the

furnace. It’s located inside the furnace, but the heat exchanger
has its own capabilities. It adds heat to the incoming air from
the combustion chamber.

 The evaporator coil. This HVAC part is also in the furnace, but
handles a different job. Refrigerant (a fluid that causes cooling)
runs through the evaporator coil. The coil absorbs heat from air
passing over it. The now-cold air blows through the air ducts
throughout your home

 The condensing unit. The condensing unit is like the evaporator

coil but for an outdoor HVAC unit. Inside the cube-shaped unit,
the condensing unit exchanges heat with the air that passes
over it. Unlike the evaporator coil, the condensing unit gives off
heat.

 The refrigerant tubes. These metal tubes connect the

evaporator coil with the condensing coil. This means the
refrigerant tubes connect the indoor and outdoor HVAC units.
The tubes contain cooling refrigerant under a wide range of
temperatures.
  The thermostat. This is the part of the HVAC system that you're
most familiar with. This small appliance is on a wall of the main
level of your home. Depending on what temperature you set it
at, you can turn on the air conditioning or heating system.

A programmable or “smart” thermostat fine-tunes your home’s

temperature even if you’re not there. That means you can save
money on your energy bill.

 The ductwork. The air ducts move air throughout your home. Air
comes into the HVAC system through certain sections of the
ductwork. It's distributed to rooms through other sections. See
which pattern is best for your home with Ductwork Design 101.

 The vents. As the air travels through the ductwork, it enters the
room through vents. Rectangular covers on the floor or ceiling
direct and take air.

 The heat pump. During warm months, the heat pump takes heat
from the inside to the outside. During the cold months, it does
the opposite. Find out more about how heat pumps work in Heat
Pump Basics For Beginners.

Assignment on
 what is HVAC ?

 Acronym HVAC stands for heating, ventilation and air

conditioning. Sometimes Refrigeration “R ” is also added and it
becomes “HVACR”.
 HVAC is basically climate control of confined space with respect
to requirements of persons or goods in it.
 HVAC system is not only heating and cooling of air but also
concerned with maintaining the indoor air quality (IAQ).
  Heating of air is done usually in winter and similarly cooling of air
is done in summer season.

 HVAC system works on the principles of thermodynamics, fluid

mechanics and heat transfer.
 All these fields come into play in various components of HVAC. IAQ
Indoor air quality is the quality of air inside the building or
structures as mostly related to health and safe keeping of its
occupants or items/goods placed. IAQ is changed with inclusion or
contamination with gases and uncontrolled mass & energy
transfer.
 HVAC systems are used for heating and cooling & air condition in
homes, building, industry, vehicles, aquariums and many
more.With the passage of time application of HVAC are increasing
and more research is in-progress in this field.
 HVAC business is also increasing at the same pace as field of
application is broadening.

 What is a HVAC System?

 HVAC system is basically an assembly of various types of
equipment installed together to provide heating and cooling along
with indoor climate control. HVAC systems involve mechanical,
 electrical and I & C components to provide comfort to the
occupants of building/space or to preserve goods, products or
items placed in space.
 HVAC cooling systems may be integrated with HVAC heating
systems or these may be installed separately depending upon
HVAC design. HVAC system also serves on industrial scale to keep
the machinery running by maintaining the temperature of
space/hall/room where machines are installed. HVAC water
chillers have become essential for any industry for its various
needs.

 HVAC System Basic Components-

An HVAC System may include the following basic components or units.

 HVAC water chillers and heaters

 Hot water generator (if chiller does produce chilled water only) or
furnace
 Chilled water pumps
 Cooling water pumps
 Electrical power supply control or Motor control center (MCC)
 Cooling towers
 Piping for chilled water and cooling water or condenser side water
 Valves for chilled water and cooling water sides
 Air handling units (AHUs), heating coils and cooling Coils
 Ducts in ventilation system (supply ducts and return ducts)
 Fan Coil Units (FCUs) and thermostats
 HVAC Diffusers and grills
 HVAC controls (instrumentation & Control components) installed
at various locations
 HVAC software for building HVAC control or building management
system (BMS)
 An Assembly of all above components forms an HVAC system.

 HVAC system working Principle

 In the background of HVAC system, an HVAC water chiller
produces chilled water which is then circulated throughout the
building or space upto cooling coils in air handling units. Blowers
move air on cooling coils which is then distributed into various
portions of space or building for providing comfort or preserving
goods/items as per HVAC design.
 Air is distributed through supply ducts and return air is collected in
air handling units with the help of return ducts.Chilled water and
cooling water pumps provide energy to keep the chilled and
cooling water moving.
 HVAC Valves are also installed at various points in piping to ease
the maintenance of HVAC system or for the sake of system control.
Heating of air may be done with the help of HVAC heat pump, hot
water generator or simply by furnace. Some industrial chillers also
serve as heaters in winter season. Heating coils take the place of
cooling coils in case of heating mode.
 HVAC system cost may vary for different applications as heating
and cooling space or environment varies. Looking for cheap HVAC
systems may involve little research in types of HVAC systems and
 HVAC suppliers otherwise you would be lamenting over waste of
millions of dollars for selecting wrong HVAC designer & contractor.

 HVAC systems are divided into four categories which

come in different sizes and specifications that fit into
your home or business. 

1.Heating and cooling split systems

o Heating and cooling split systems are known to be the most
common types of HVAC systems. As the name suggests it is
split into two separate units, one serves the purpose of
heating and the other one is for cooling. It is to be noted that
these systems come with indoor and outdoor units that can
be easily identified.
o Such HVAC products are equipped with a cooling system
outside which uses compressors, refrigerants and coils in
order to cool air and a fan to keep away the hot air.  These
are basically the AC units that are kept outside the home and
run during the summer season.
o On the other hand, the heater in the heating and cooling split
system is placed in a basement and other storage space
which uses gas to warm up the house.  A traditional
thermostat is used in this process to control the temperature
to keep it within the comfort level.

2. Hybrid split system

 The hybrid system of HVACs carries similar features to the split
systems but they do have some basic differences. This
particular HVAC system carries a hybrid heating system which is
counted as one of its unique features that helps lowering energy
costs. It is up to the homeowners to set the key differences.
 The capacity to switch between gas power, which is faster and
more complete, to electricity which is more efficient and quieter,
allows homeowners to determine the way they want to heat up
their homes.
  This system is also dependent on traditional ducts and thermostats
and it offers all the advantages of a split system with an additional
benefit of conserving energy and reducing utility bills.

3. Duct free (Mini-split)

 A duct-free or mini-split system comes with a huge upfront cost
and a list of benefits for particular needs and applications. It offers
an amazing solution for areas where conventional ducted systems
are not suitable. It can also be a great alternative to the existing
ducted types of HVAC systems.
 Duct free units are usually installed directly into the particular
areas of a home where heating and cooling are needed. You are
allowed to have four indoor air handling units for each outdoor
unit. It offers better independent control which makes it an
appropriate choice for hotels or venues allowing tenants to control
the individual temperature.

4. Packaged heating and air conditioning system

 A packaged HVAC system contains everything including the
compressor, condenser and evaporator in a single unit which is
usually placed on the roof or near the foundation. It fulfills both
the cooling and heating needs of a house.
 Its compact size makes it an appropriate option for houses with a
space crunch. This HVAC system is very much efficient and easy to
maintain.  As its heating system is not as powerful as other
options, it is generally used in a warmer climate.
 In short, the split system is the most commonly used HVAC system
whereas hybrids are preferred due to their energy-saving
capacity.  Similarly, Mini-split systems are a suitable choice for
picky families or the service industry but the packaged heating is a
perfect choice for small houses.
 Now when you have detailed knowledge of different types of
HVAC units, it will be easier for you to decide the best option for
you.
 The Different Types of Air Conditioning Systems :-
 Air conditioners come in many shapes and sizes, all with their
unique pros and cons. If you are looking to buy an air conditioner,
but don’t know where to start, this guide will get you up to speed.
It will go through the major types of air conditioners and cover the
key points of each to clear things up a little. The most common air
conditioning systems include window air conditioners, portable air
conditioners, wall hung split or multi head split systems, and
ducted air conditioners.
 There is a wide variation in the quality and features of each air
conditioner, even within its own class. A modern, energy efficient
multi head split unit could be more efficient than an older multi
head split system, so it is important to look carefully into each
individual model. The energy rating star system is a great way to
compare the energy use of air conditioners, but you can get even
more information by looking at the capacity outputs and inputs.

1. Window Air Conditioners

 These used to be a very common choice for controlling the
temperature in a small room. They contain the compressor,
condenser, coils and the evaporator all in one single unit. Window
air conditioners are designed to fit into the window of a room, so
they generally don’t need any significant home modifications for
installation. Wall units are very similar, except they need a hole
made in the room’s wall in order for them to fit.
 Window air conditioners generally have a low up front cost. If you
are considering cooling down multiple rooms, you may want to
consider a split or ducted system, because they tend to be more
efficient. One advantage of window air conditioners is that they
can be taken with you when you move houses. This makes them
suitable for renters, or those who are considering moving in the
near future.
 Most window air conditioners work in cycles that involve them
turning on to cool down or heat up the room, then switching off
once the desired temperature is reached. They click back on once
 the room starts to heat up or cool down again. They tend to not be
very energy efficient.

2.Portable Air Conditioners

 Portable air conditioners are relatively easy to move, but not as
much as their name implies. Think easier to move houses with,
rather than easy to lug around your home for your daily cooling
needs. When compared to other units, they are definitely more
portable, however they do need to be installed with a window kit.
 These systems work by drawing in warm air, cooling it, then
returning it to the room. The two main types are single and double
hose models. Those with single ducts draw warm air from inside
the room, cool it and return it to the room, while venting the hot
air outside. This causes negative pressure within the room,
bringing in more warm air from the rest of the house and from
outside. Because of this, single hose models are very inefficient.
Some portable air conditioners have a second hose which they use
to draw air from outside. This reduces the negative air pressure
issues that come with single duct models. Despite this, double
hose models still tend to be less efficient than other kinds of air
conditioners.
 Portable air conditioners tend to have relatively low up-front costs.
However, in the long run they are likely to cost you more in
electricity than other options. It is recommended that you look
into other models unless you move frequently, only have a very
small space to cool, or don’t plan on using it often.

3. Wall Hung Split or Multi Head Split Air Conditioners

 These ductless systems are quite common in modern homes. They
are referred to as split systems because they consist of two units,
one kept inside your home and one outside. They can be used to
cool or heat single areas, or multi-zone systems can be installed.
These have one compressor outside, with several indoor units
conditioning the air in various parts of your home.
 The indoor units tend to be mounted high on your walls, so it is
important to take them into account when planning the décor of
 your space. Wall split and multi head split systems tend to be
smaller than ducted systems and are connected by piping rather
than large ducts. Despite this, the indoor units are still more visible
than the vents of ductless systems.
 Wall hung split and multi head split systems have a relatively high
upfront cost compared to the previous two types of air
conditioners, but the costs are not as high as ducted air
conditioning. Despite the initial expense, they tend to be more
efficient than window or portable units, which makes them
cheaper in the long run. A wall hung split or multi head split
system will require slight modifications to your home, including
holes for the piping. To get the best out of the system, make sure
you get a professional to install a mini-split for you

Reflective Journal Entry

In this section of the report, I have evaluated every single day that I had
attended in this internship. I hope that my assessment will be helpfulfor
understanding the internship and the interactions of both interns and our sir.
It contains honest observations and their simultaneous opinions given by me.
Thank You!

Day 1 Date -1/08/2021

At the beginning of the day sir give brief explanation about HVAC LIKE,

 What is HVAC?
 HVAC stands for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. HVAC
refers to the different systems used for moving air between
indoor and outdoor areas, along with heating and cooling both
residential and commercial buildings. They are the systems that
keep you warm and cozy in the winter and feeling cool and fresh
 in the summer. They also are the systems that filter and clean
indoor air to keep you healthy and maintain humidity levels at
optimal comfort levels.

 What is HVAC?

Defined: HVAC stands for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning.

HVAC refers to the different systems used for moving air between
indoor and outdoor areas, along with heating and cooling both
residential and commercial buildings. They are the systems that keep
you warm and cozy in the winter and feeling cool and fresh in the
summer. They also are the systems that filter and clean indoor air to
keep you healthy and maintain humidity levels at optimal comfort
levels.

 How does HVAC work?

 Each component in your home may be separate, such as a radiant
system combined with window air conditioning units. However, it
is more common for combined systems such as central heating
and AC systems that use a single blower to circulate air via internal
 ducts in a home, or with a ductless system for different rooms or
zones in the house.

 HVAC basics.
 The purpose of an HVAC system is more than just warming or
cooling a space. Instead, it serves to improve indoor air quality and
provide comfort for everyone inside a building. While there are
several different types of HVAC systems, they all begin with the
same essentials.

 First, there is a source of fresh air intake from the outside or from
within the home. This process is called ventilation, and it happens
in two different ways. Natural ventilation is present in most homes
and refers to the way air typically moves in and out through
windows, doors, vents, and other openings. This exchange of air is
necessary to replenish oxygen, and to remove odors, carbon
dioxide, and excessive moisture.

 Mechanical ventilation uses a mechanical system ‐ the V in HVAC ‐

to move air in and out. In the past, there was plenty of natural
ventilation in most homes from gaps and cracks in the construction
along with opening and closing of doors. However, modern
construction is creating homes that are far more tightly sealed so
ventilation is becoming an increasingly important component in
home HVAC systems. Once the air is brought in, it is drawn into an
air handling unit where the work begins. Here, air is drawn
through filters to remove dirt, dust, allergens, and other particles.

 Next up, is comfort. Air is either sent to be heated or sent to be

cooled and have excess humidity removed. Once the air is clean,
fresh, and at a comfortable temperature, it is directed into the
home. For central systems, this means moving through a network
of ducts and registers to different rooms. For other systems, this
usually means being directed right into the space.
  This session was also a delight as it gave us another
important way of seeing things in day-to-day life.

Day 2 Date -2/08/2021

Second day of our training started thebn he explain about some basic
principles of HVAC,
 Basic Principles Of HVAC Systems

 Factors determining the capacity of the HVAC system required:

 Heating: the amount of energy transferred to the room.

 Cooling: energy released from a certain space to lower the

required temperature.

 Moisture: refers to the process of increasing moisture through

water. Heating: The amount of heat energy that needs to be added
to the chamber.

 Cooling: Thermal energy sometimes needs to be removed from a

certain room to lower the temperature.

 Moisturizing: This refers to the process of increasing the relative

humidity through the addition of water vapor into the system.

 Dehumidifying: the prose removes moisture from space.

 Cleaners: air purification to remove flying dust and dirt.

 Aerial air: can make residents comfortable and clean air.

 This chart is an integral part of the calculation that determines the

type of system required.

 Eliminating the form of HVAC system:

  There are several methods you need to know to remove heat. Not
just one acan. Pumps are able to remove the heat of this form an
advantage for the traditional AC. For all ac can be used for direct
expansion, cold water, split and window

 This session was also a delight as it gave us another important

way of seeing things in day-to-day life.

Day 3 Date -3/08/2021

In this session the main motive about this training the learning and achieved
the experience, then we go to site for
Single phase split AC Installation
Steps:-
Setting up the Indoor Unit

 Select an unobstructed location on your interior wall to mount the

indoor unit. You'll need to cut a hole through the wall to feed the
pipes from the indoor unit to the outdoor unit, so make sure the
 location you choose will allow you to do so. Choose a spot away
from direct sunlight and heat sources for the best results. Mount
the unit 7 feet (2.1 m) off the floor and ensure there’s at least 6–12
inches (15–30 cm) of open space on every side of the unit to allow
for proper airflow.[1]
 Choose a location with studs to ensure the wall is strong enough to
hold the weight of the unit.
 Install the unit at least 3.3 feet (1.0 m) away from antennas and
power or connecting lines that are used for television, radio, home
security systems, intercoms, or telephones. The electrical noise
from these sources could cause operational problems for your air
conditioner.
 Avoid locations where gas may leak or where oil mist or sulfur
exists.
 Most of these units have remote controls so that you can easily
turn them on or off and adjust the temperature even if they’re
mounted high on the wall.

 Secure the mounting plate to the interior wall. Hold the mounting

plate against the wall where you want to install the indoor unit.
Use a level to make sure it is both horizontally and vertically level.
 Use a pencil to mark the locations of the screw holes, remove the
plate, then drill a hole into the wall where each screw will go. [2]
 Position the plate so it matches up with the holes, insert plastic
anchors into the holes, and secure the plate to the wall with
tapping screws.

 Drill a 3 in (7.6 cm) hole through the wall so you can feed the pipes
outside. Make a mark in the center of the hole in the mounting
plate. Use a keyhole saw or a drill with a hole-cutting attachment
to create a circular 3 in (7.6 cm) opening through the wall that
slopes slightly downward toward the ground to ensure adequate
drainage.
 Make sure there are no pipes or wires behind the wall before
drilling or cutting the hole.
  Check the electrical connections on the indoor unit. Lift the A/C
unit’s front panel and remove the cover. Make sure the cable
wires are connected to the screw terminals and that the wiring
matches the diagram that came with the unit.

 Run the pipes and cables through the hole in the wall, then
connect them to the unit. Secure the included copper pipes,
power cable, and drain pipe together with electrical tape. Place
the drain pipe on the bottom to ensure a free flow of water. Run
 the pipes and cable through the hole in the wall, then secure them
to the designated spots on the indoor unit as directed by the
instruction manual.
 Each line comes pre-insulated, so you don’t have to worry about
adding extra insulation.
 Do your best to minimize how much the pipes and cable bend to
ensure that the unit performs well.
 Make sure that the drainage pipe allows water to drain in an
appropriate place. See the instruction manual included with your
kit for more information.

 Secure the indoor unit to the mounting plate. To attach the air
conditioner to the wall, simply align the female connections on the
back of the unit with the male connections on the mounting plate
and press firmly to secure the unit in place. Make sure the unit tilts
backward 2-3 degrees so that water can flow out of the drain pipe.
 It may help to have a friend hold the unit in place while you secure
the connections

 Installing the Outdoor Condenser

 Position the outdoor unit away from any heavily trafficked, dusty,
or hot areas. Find the hole you drilled through the mounting plate
for the interior unit and position the exterior unit within 50 feet
(15 m) so the piping and cable can easily be attached. [5] Choose a
location with at least 12 inches (30 cm) of space surrounding its
perimeter to ensure proper functioning. If possible, select a shady
location that’s sheltered from the wind in addition to dust and
traffic to keep your unit functioning at its best.
 Make sure that no antenna of a radio or television is within 10 feet
(3.0 m) of the outdoor condenser.
 Lay a concrete pad on the ground. Don’t place the outdoor unit
directly on the ground, as it’s heavy and can shift around on
dirt or rocks. It’s necessary to install the condenser on a
concrete pad, which you can find at home improvement stores.
Position the pad where you want to install the unit and use a
level to make sure it’s flat and even

 Secure the outdoor unit on top of the concrete pad. Lay a

rubber cushion on top of the pad to minimize vibration, then
set the outdoor condenser unit on top of the pad. Secure the
unit to the concrete with anchor bolts
 Check the electrical wiring in the outdoor unit. Remove the cover
on the condenser. Refer to the unit’s wiring diagram in the
instruction manual and make sure the wires are connected as the
diagram suggests. Make any adjustments as necessary.
 Fasten the cables with a cable clamp and replace the cover.
 Connect the piping and cable to the outdoor unit. Use flare nuts to
secure the 2 copper pipes from the indoor unit to the outdoor unit
as per the instruction manual. Connect the power cable that runs
from the indoor unit to the outdoor unit as well.

 Finally, connect the power supply to a designated outlet.

 If necessary, you can trim the copper pipes to eliminate excess.

 Completing the Project

 Bleed the air and humidity from the refrigerant circuit. Remove the
caps from the 2-way and 3-way valves and from the service port
 and connect a vacuum pump hose to the service port. Turn the
vacuum on until it reaches an absolute vacuum of 10mm Hg. Close
the low pressure knob and then turn off the vacuum.
 Test all of the valves and joints for leaks, then disconnect the
vacuum. Replace the service port and caps.

 Affix the piping to the wall with clamps. To ensure the pipes
and cables don’t move around or become disconnected, attach
them to the exterior wall of your home using the clamps that
came with the kit. Follow the directions in the manual to ensure
the clamps are spaced adequately.
 Seal up the hole in the wall using expanding polyurethane
foam. Spray expanding polyurethane foam into the hole you
drilled to feed the cable and piping through the wall. Make sure
the hole is completely sealed to prevent hot air or insects from
getting through.

 Let the foam dry as per the instructions on the label before turning
on your air conditioning.
 Turn on the unit and enjoy the cool air! All that’s left to do is to
start the A/C, which you can do from the indoor unit. It should only
take a minute or 2 for cool air to start blowing into your home.

 Refer to the instruction manual if you have any trouble operating

your new air conditioner.
Work place :-
&
Day 4 ,DAY 5,DAY 6 Date -4/08/2021 to 6/08/2021
Fourth day of our training started on we go to work place for ,
Chiller piping water leakage testing
 This section will touch on the problems encountered when there is a
water leakage
 present and no prompt action is taken. Water leakage may occurred in
many
 circumstances, for instance, water coupler was not tighten, water pipe
burst or leak, or in worst scenario, water leak into the Flourinert Liquid
tank through the Heat Exchanger of
 the Tester Cooling Unit. Water leak into the Flourinert Liquid tank
through the Heat
 Exchanger will be discussed in more details in Chapter 6, Section 6.2 Risk
Assessment.
 When water leakage is present and no prompt action is taken, the water
level in the water
 tank will drop until no more water can be supplied into the pipelines.
The test system
  cooling unit cannot efficiently cool down the Flourinert Liquid. Warm
Flourinert Liquid
 will pass through the heated components on the Printed Circuit Boards
in the Test Head.
 The warm Flourinert Liquid cannot efficiently cool down the Printed
Circuit Boards.
 When the temperature on the Printed Circuit Boards reaches 40°C or
more, the Printed
 Circuit Board will send out a Heat Alarm to the Main Frame Tester
Processor to shut
 down the test system. This is known as System Trip.
 When system trip occurs, the following problem might surface,
o Hard Disk Crashed
o Production Data Lost
o Test System Board Failure
o Production Time Lost
 The above problems will be discussed in more details in the next few
sections.
 Hard disk Crashed
 When system tripped occurs, the Engineering Work Station will
immediately shut down
 without properly shut down the Hard disk. In this scenario, there
is a possibility that the
 Hard disk will crashed, as it is not properly shut down.
 There are two ways the Hard disk will crashed. Firstly, the Hard
disk crashed is due to
 some processes that are working in the background are not
saved, and the data in the processes are lost or deleted.
Therefore, the Hard disk cannot be boot up normally. In this
 case, the test system recovery is very simple but time
consuming.
 Second way in which the Hard disk crashed is during the test
system shutdown, the Hard
 disk is physically damaged. The storing disk media in the Hard
disk might be scratched
 due to sudden stop of the reading needle when the power
supply is suddenly cut off.
 Another problem that might occur is the reading needle is stuck
and cannot move after
 the test system shut down. In this case, the recovery procedure
is more tedious and longer
 and more costly.
 In both situations above, to recover the test system, we are
required to reload the
 Software and change the necessary settings. In the second
situation, whereby the Hard
 disk is physically damaged, we first need to purchase a new Hard
disk from the SUN
 System authorized dealer. Changing of the Hard disk in the
Engineering Work Station
 will take about 30 minutes. Please see the Appendix B-1 for the
exploded view of the
 Engineering Work Station.
 The Software that are required to reload will be the following,
o SUN Solaris Operating Software 8
o Test System Software
o Any other Software that is require for the production
 The total time taken to reload all the above said software will
take about 3 hours. After
 reload all the software, need to run Test System Initialization
Program and Diagnostic
 Program and perform Golden Device Testing to certify the
system is suitable for
 productions. All the testing and running of devices will take
about 6 hours to complete.
 The recovery time for a Hard disk crashed is very time
consuming, it will take about one
 whole day to recover a test system.
 Production Data Lost
 The test systems in the test floor are running production 24
hours every day non stop.
 Each lot of production devices requires at least 3 to 4 hours of
running. The information
 of the production lot is collected automatically by the
Engineering Work Station after
 each production lot is finished.
 In the event of a system trip, the test system and the
Engineering Work Station will be
 shut down. All the production information for the current lot of
devices will be lost. The
 devices have to be tested all over again, therefore the lost in
production time and the
 frustration of the people-in-charge of the lot of devices.
 Test System Board Failure
 In the test system, there are many different Printed Circuit
Boards, some are located in
 the test system Main Frame and some are located in the Test
Head as discussed in section
o The Printed Circuit boards in Test Head are Flourinert-
cooled whereas the boards in
 the Main Frame are Air-cooled.
 As discussed in section 2.3, the warm Flourinert Liquid cannot
efficiently cool down the
 Printed Circuit Boards in the Test Head. When the temperature
on the Printed Circuit
 Boards reaches 40°C or more, the Printed Circuit Board will
send out a Heat Alarm to the
 Main Frame Tester Processor to shut down the test system.
When this happens, one or
 more Printed Circuit Boards in the Test Head might be damaged
by the rising
 temperature, not to mention, there is also a possibility that the
Printed Circuit Boards in
 the Main Frame may be damaged due to improper system shut
down.
  To verify any board damages, we have to execute the Test
System Initialization Program
 and the Test System Diagnostic Program. If any board is faulty,
the fail board
 Production Time Lost
 Production time is lost whenever there is a system trip. The
time lost can be in the form
 of test system recovery time and the time to retest the devices
already tested.
 As discussed in section 2.3.1 and 2.3.3, the recovery of the Hard
disk or board failure
 means a lost in the amount of production time meaning the
time taken to recover the Hard
 disk or board failure can be use for device production if there is
no system trip. Even if
 no board failure is encountered including Hard disk, it is still a
requirement to execute the
 Test System Initialization Program and Test system Diagnostic
Program whenever a
 system trip occurs. This is to confirm that there is no board
failure in the test system and
 the test system is able to run device production. Executing the
2 mentioned program will
 take roughly 4 hours to complete, therefore it is a lost of 4
hours production time.
 As discussed in the section 2.3.2, devices have to be retested
because of the lost in
 production information. This is a lost in production time too.
Table 2.1 below shows the
 hours lost in production time in three different scenarios .
Work place:-
Day 7 Date -7/08/2021

In this session the main motive about this training the learning the
technique

 Gas leakage testing

 Dye Testing
 As is the case with electronic detection, there are specific
situations that might call for dye testing. You should also be
certain that the dye you are using is safe for your air conditioner.
Your air conditioning technician can add a special kind of dye to
your AC unit, which works its way throughout the system. Then,
using an ultraviolet light, your technician can see where the
refrigerant has been leaking and address the issue.
 Nitrogen Detection and Bubbling
 Although not as inexpensive as an electronic leak detector
test, a nitrogen leak detector test may provide more
insight regarding the problem. An air conditioning
technician replaces remaining refrigerant with
compressed nitrogen, which allows you to actually hear
any existing leaks. Bubbling is an additional step in the
process, where your HVAC repair specialist adds soap
 bubbles to the system in order to check for air bubbles

amongst them.

 Gas charging:-
 Refrigerant charging refers to the replenishment of these gases
when system repairs or leaks have caused depleted levels.
Refrigerant charging may be carried out using bulk refrigerant
containers or charging kits which generally only hold enough gas
for one charge.

Day 8 Date -8/08/2021

At the next day we studied about
3 phase AC wiring panel
The need for three-phase supply or service occurs
when heavy equipments are present such as large
motors (beyond 5 HP motors), because such large
equipments need high starting and running currents.
 Large buildings, plants and offices have greater power
requirements than the power used in domestic
installations. Therefore, generally they are often
installed with three phase wiring or three-phase
supply.

The three-phase power service is generally used for high power rated
equipments such as large air conditioners, high rated pump sets, air
compressors and high torque motors.

Therefore, it is rarely used for domestic installations, but commonly

used in commercial buildings, offices and industrial installations.
 Work place:-

 Work Samples
PHE internal chemical discleaning
Water cool HVAC Plant

 Critical Analysis
 As it was mentioned in the preceding section, considering only a
few alternatives for HVAC&R sys-
 tems selection was the first area for improvement in the valuable
study conducted by Avgelis and
 Papadopoulos (2009). This section describes the previous studies
that have attempted to overcome
 this deficiency.
 Maor and Reddy (2004) introduced a knowledge-based system
called Knowledge-Based Concep-
 tual Design (KBCD) to automatically synthesise an extensive set of
possible alternatives for
 HVAC&R systems selection. These alternatives were then
evaluated by building energy simulator
 programmes such as DOE-2.1E (Winklemann 1993). In addition, an
ownership and maintenance
 cost module was developed to assess the costs of the synthesised
HVAC&R systems. The energy consumption of the alternative
HVAC&R systems which emerged from simulations were used by
the
 cost module to evaluate the Life Cycle Cost (LCC) of the systems.
Finally, the alternatives developed
 by the KBCD model were ranked according to the LCC criterion
(Maor and Reddy 2004; Maor, Pan-
 japornpon, and Reddy 2004).
 Lack of means for automatically synthesising a variety of possible
HVAC&R systems was the
 rationale behind developing the KBCD model (Maor and Reddy
2004; Maor, Panjapornpon, and
 Reddy 2004). This model was based on the building architecture
and the heuristic knowledge of
 HVAC&R systems (Maor and Reddy 2004; Maor, Panjapornpon,
and Reddy 2004). The heuristic
 knowledge used in this model refers to the knowledge of experts
developed over the years to syn-
 thesise the feasible combinations of the existing primary and
secondary HVAC&R systems.
 The building architecture content included the building
application, class and geometry together
 with lighting, equipment and system schedules as well as user
constraints and the availability of
 energy resources. The HVAC&R systems knowledge consisted of
the application and configur-
 ation knowledge of both the primary and secondary systems.
Finally, the ownership and mainten-
 ance costs were acquired from a range of references such as
Mossman, Plotner, and Babbitt
 (2002).
 Despite the robustness of the KBCD model to generate a broad
range of HVAC&R alternative
 systems which could be analysed using the existing simulation
programs, there are some areas for
 potential improvement.
 . In general, the limited time to evaluate alternatives within a
conceptual design makes it difficult to
 justify a detailed examination and compels designers to ignore
consideration and study of all the
 potential alternative systems (Elovitz 2002). Although the
proposed method was planned to
 reduce the time taken to review alternative systems, it includes
another time-consuming task,
 the evaluation of a range of alternatives by an accurate hourly
analysis program
 Therefore, despite the value of generating a broad range of
alternatives and transforming
 them into simulation programs, the evaluation of many
alternatives is not feasible within the lim-
 ited time for decision-making at the early stages of a project
(Elovitz 2002).
 . In the KBCD model developed for HVAC&R systems selection, the
LCC was the only criterion to
 evaluate the performance of HVAC&R systems. The lack of
consideration of the environmental
 impact and the influence of HVAC&R systems on indoor
environment raises concerns over the
 robustness of results produced by this model.
 . The influences of climate change and global warming on
buildings and HVAC&R systems were
  not considered in the knowledge-based model for systems
selection
.

 SWOT Anaylisis:
As it was an online internship we dont know much about the
company but how much we know according to that i can say that
Stregnth: Strengths are defined as what each business does best
in its gamut of operations which can give it an upper hand over its
competitors. The following are the strengths of Daikin:

 Futuristic vision: omkar Enterprisesb has a future driven

outlook in its core values and philosophy.The value
created by the business is through anticipating the
future needs of the business. The company envisages to
maximize corporate value and also emphasizes on the
importance to the environment.
 Strong focus on air conditioning systems: omkar
Enterprise’s. has undeterred focus on the HVAC systems
and does not think beyond air conditioners., It is this
focus that has helped in becoming a market leader in the
domain.
 Commitment to environment and society: Omkar
Enterprise’s. manufactures air conditioners which are
highly risky for the environment primarily because of the
emissions it creates. The company tried to
apply technologies that are environmentally friendly and
these become the benchmark in the industry.
 High level of ethics: The company follows a strict code of
ethics and the guidelines for legal compliance look at
various aspects like the safety of products, fair
competition and trading, protection of IP rights, the
disclosure of information and adherence to labor laws.
 stregnth of the organisation is there instructor they are very
smart and know there work well how to make student understand
the topic and Etc;
Weakness: Weaknesses are used to refer to areas where the
business or the brand needs improvement. Some of the key
weaknesses of Hitachi are:

 Changing demographics of customer: The customers are

ever changing and their demand is also changing
continuously. This is creating a huge challenge for
consumer durables business.
 Increased cost of raw materials: omkar Enterprises
sources its raw materials from various parts of the world
and this is increasing the costs of sourcing. The costs of
raw materials are highly fluctuating which is
creating pricing challenges.
 High prices: In the consumer segment and household
segment, Daikin is a premium player and in comparison
to popular brands like IFB and Voltas the customer
perceives omkar Enterprise’s. as over priced. This
affects the volumes of the business.
 Poor promotions: In comparison to competitors Omkar
Enterprise’s. is not a very well known name. The
company suffers from poor brand recall and low
recognition. This has affected the overall branding of the
business.
 Poor presence in other consumer durables
segments: Omkar Enterprise’s. has strong presence in
air conditioners but unlike their competitors who have the
strong presence in other domains like smartphones,
refrigerators which gives them higher goodwill in
comparison to Omkar Enterprise’s.

Threats: I dont find any threats for this organisation beacause this
organisation know how to work for students and they have qualified
teachers tooo. so due to his reason i did't see any threats to the
organisation.

Conclusion : On this conclusion I can clerly say that i have gained the
knowledge of HVAC system and i can work on it on now and it was a
good experience learning with Omkar Enterprise’s.& specilly i would
like to Thanks our Instructor
Mr. PRAMOD KURHADE for sharing there quality knowledge with us
and there experiencee too "THANK YOU" SIR