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REASONING FOR ALL COMPETITIVE

EXAMS
Data Sufficiency

Description : Data sufficiency section

 

consists of problems in which a question

on any topic such as coding-decoding,
blood relations, direction sense test,
ranking and time sequence test,
arithmetical reasoning etc. is given,
followed by certain statements containing
facts providing hints to solve the question.
The candidate is required to find out
which of the given statements is/are
 

sufficient to answer the question.

Concept : The coding and decoding test is

set up to judge the candidate’s capacity to
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interpret the rule that codes a specific

word/message and break the code to
interpret the word.

Blood relations is all about the various

 

relations exists in a family. These

questions are to test the knowledge and
skill of a candidate.

Distance and direction sense test

questions comprise of a kind of direction
and/or distance riddle. Clearly, such
questions are intended to judge the
competitor’s capacity to follow, take after
 

and perceive the direction, described in

somewhat complicated language,
effectively.
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In number, ranking and time sequence

test, questions are managed which are
taken after with a grouping comprising
numbers, positioning and time. Also need
 

to discover answers on the basis of given

condition.

Arithmetical reasoning questions are

based on calculations on problems, data
based, ages, Venn-diagrams. This is to test
the ability of candidate.

And so on.

Model Problems 

Model 1:

Statement: Among A, U, J, P and C who

reached first last?
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I: U and Q reached office together.

II: Only A and R reached office ahead of

Q. Choose the correct option from below:

a) Only I sufficient, while II is not

 

sufficient.

b) Only II sufficient, while I is not

sufficient.

c) Alone I and alone II are sufficient.

d) Both I and II not Sufficient.

e) Both I and II together are sufficient.

Solution:  

Given that:

I: U and Q reached office together.

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II: Only A and R reached office ahead of

Q. So, from I and II, conclude that only a
and R reached office ahead of Q and thus,
U.  

This indicates that C reached last.

Therefore, the data in both I and II

together are required to answer the given
question.

Model 2:

Statement: What is the total monthly

salary of Audrey?
 

I: Audrey’s basic salary is Rs. 100 more

than Cooper’s salary who also serves in
Audrey’s company.
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II: Other allowances drawn by Cooper

besides his basic salary are Rs. 2000 per
month which is Rs. 50 less than Audrey’s
salary.  

III: Cooper’s basic salary is Rs. 1550 per

month.

Choose the option from below:

a) Only II

b) Only II and III

c) Only I and II

d) Only I and III

 

e) All I, II and III

Solution:

Given
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From III, Cooper’s basic salary = Rs. 1550.

From I, Audrey’s basic salary = Rs. (1500

+ 100) = Rs. 1650.

From II, Cooper’s other allowances = Rs.

 

2000.

And Audrey’s other allowances = Rs.

2050.

Therefore, Audrey’s monthly salary = Rs.

(1650 + 2050) = Rs. 3700.

Hence, option(e) is right one i.e. all I, II

and III.
 

Model 3:

Statement: On which date in March was

Ford born?
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I: Ford’s mother remembers that Ford was

born nineteenth but after fifteenth.

II: Ford’s brother remembers that Ford

was born seventeenth but after twelfth.
 

Choose the correct option from below:

a) Only I sufficient, while II is not

sufficient.

b) Only II sufficient, while I is not

sufficient.

c) Alone I and alone II are sufficient.

d) Both I and II not Sufficient.

 

e) Both I and II together are sufficient.

Solution:
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From I, conclude that Ford was born on

any one of the dates among 16th, 17th,
and 18th.

From II, conclude that Ford was born on

 

any one of the dates among 13th, 14th,

15th and 16th.

Therefore, from both the I and II,

conclude that Ford was born on 16th
March.

Model 4:

Statement: Among M, N, D, P and K, who

earns more than only the least earner
 

among them?

I: N earns more than M and P but less than

only D.
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II: M earns more than P who earns less

than K.

Choose the correct option from below:

a) Only I sufficient, while II is not

 

sufficient.

b) Only II sufficient, while I is not

sufficient.

c) Alone I and alone II are sufficient.

d) Both I and II not Sufficient.

e) Both I and II together are sufficient.

Solution:  

From I, N > M, N > P, D > N.

Then D > N > M > P or D > N > P > M

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From II, M earns more than P i.e. D > N >

M>P

Also, since P earns less than K and N earns

less than only D.
 

So, D > N > K > M > P or D > N > M > K

>P

Therefore, either K or M earns more than

only the least earner i.e. P.

Hence, both I and II not Sufficient.

General Mental Ability - Model

Problems
 

1. In which year was Rahul born ?

Statements: Rahul at present is 25 years

younger to his mother.
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Rahul's brother, who was born in 1964, is

35 years younger to his mother.

A. I alone is sufficient while II alone is not

sufficient  

B. II alone is sufficient while I alone is not

sufficient

C. Either I or II is sufficient

D. Neither I nor II is sufficient

E. Both I and II are sufficient

Answer: E

Explanation: From both I and II, we find

 

that Rahul is (35 - 25) = 10 years older

than his brother, who was born in 1964.
So, Rahul was born in 1954.
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2. What will be the total weight of 10

poles, each of the same weight ?

Statements: One-fourth of the weight of

each pole is 5 kg.
 

The total weight of three poles is 20

kilograms more than the total weight of
two poles.

A. I alone is sufficient while II alone is not

sufficient

B. II alone is sufficient while I alone is not

sufficient
 

C. Either I or II is sufficient

D. Neither I nor II is sufficient

E. Both I and II are sufficient

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Answer: C

Explanation: From I, we conclude that

weight of each pole = (4x5) kg = 20 kg.

So, total weight of 10 poles = (20 x 10) kg

 

= 200 kg.

From II, we conclude that:

Weight of each pole = (weight of 3 poles)

- (weight of 2 poles) = 20 kg.

So, total weight of 10 pojes = (20 x 10) kg

= 200 kg.

3. How many children does M have ?

 

Statements: H is the only daughter of X

who is wife of M.

K and J are brothers of M.

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A. I alone is sufficient while II alone is not

sufficient

B. II alone is sufficient while I alone is not

sufficient  

C. Either I or II is sufficient

D. Neither I nor II is sufficient

E. Both I and II are sufficient

Answer: D

Explanation: From I, we conclude that H

is the only daughter of M. But this does
not indicate that M has no son. The
 

information given in II is immaterial.

4. How much was the total sale of the

company ?
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Statements: The company sold 8000 units

of product A each costing Rs. 25.

This company has no other product line.

A. I alone is sufficient while II alone is not

 

sufficient

B. II alone is sufficient while I alone is not

sufficient

C. Either I or II is sufficient

D. Neither I nor II is sufficient

E. Both I and II are sufficient

Answer: E  

Explanation: From I, total sale of product

A = Rs. (8000 x 25) = Rs. 200000.
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From II, we know that the company deals

only in product A.

This implies that sale of product A is the

total sale of the company, which is Rs.
 

200000.

5. The last Sunday of March, 2006 fell on

which date ?

Statements: The first Sunday of that

month fell on 5th.

The last day of that month was Friday.

A. I alone is sufficient while II alone is not

 

sufficient

B. II alone is sufficient while I alone is not

sufficient
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C. Either I or II is sufficient

D. Neither I nor II is sufficient

E. Both I and II are sufficient

 

Answer: C

Explanation: From I, we conclude that

5th, 12th, 19th and 26th of March, 2006
were Sundays.

So, the last Sunday fell on 26th.

From II, we conclude that 31st March,

2006 was Friday. Thus, 26th March,
2006 was the last Sunday of the month.