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EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
Determination of the Grating Pitch using the Phenomenon of self-imaging
Theory
A LASER (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) is
capable of producing an intense beam of photons having identical scalar and
vector properties (frequency, phase, direction and polarization). As a result, a
laser beam can be bright, monochromatic, coherent, and unidirectional.
The helium neon laser produces highly monochromatic and parallel beam of
light of wavelength632,8 nm. The beam is dangerous to the eye if viewed
directly with a naked eye.
PROCEDURE:
Determination of the Grating Pitch using the Phenomenon of self-imaging
1. The experiment was set as in figure 1, placed the grating in the grating of
the laser beam.
2. Obtained the distance D, between the grating plane and the successive
image plane hence determining the average of D.
3. Another grating was placed on the same pitch and observed the Moire
pattern at the self-imaged plane.
4. Determined the value of the grating pitch d,using d=√ D .
RESULTS:
Table1: Tabulated results the distance D.
RESULTS:
DISCUSSION:
The graph was obtained with d varying linearly with D2.
The experimental values obtained were distributed evenly on either side
of the line of best fit.
These points were scattered about the line of best fit due to errors by the
observer.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS:
Applied in diode laser optical recording using trilayer structures.
He –Ne lasers are also used in supermarket checkout counters to read bar
codes and QR codes.
Also used by newspapers for reproducing transmitted photographs ,can be
used as an alignment tool.
Used by colleges and universities in science programs and
experiments ,lasers also applied in guns for targeting.
CONCLUSION:
The angle of the wedge ᾁ , and the grating spacing were determined.
REFERENCES:
Nust Experimental Laboratory Lanual ,Part 2,Physics 2019.
Bartolini, R.A.A.E., Bell, A. and Spong, F., 1981. Diode laser optical
recording using trilayer structures. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics,
17(1), pp.69-77.
Gerstenberger, D., Solanki, R. and Collins, G., 1980. Hollow cathode
metal ion lasers. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 16(8), pp.820-
834.