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General Mathematics
Activity Sheets
Quarter 2 – MELC 17 - 18
Illustrating and Symbolizing
Propositions
Distinguishes between simple
and compound Propositions

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

Himamylan National High School by ELVIE A.
LLAMAS
 Quarter 2, Week 7

Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) No. 1

Name of Learner: ____________________________ Grade and Section: ___________

Date: _____________________________

GENERAL MATHEMATICS ACTIVITY SHEET

Illustrating and Symbolizing Propositions
Distinguishes between Simple and Compound Propositions

I. Learning Competency with Code

Illustrates and symbolizes propositions.
Distinguishes between simple and compound propositions.

II. What’s In
A. Identify and label each sentence as declarative, interrogative, imperative, or
exclamatory.
1. Frontliners are considered heroes during COVID – 19 pandemic.
2. Stop COVID – 19!
3. Why does it spread that fast!
4. Have you heard of the good news?
5. Please stay at home.
B. Classify each sentence as simple or compound.
1. Coronavirus is originated from Wuhan, China.
2. Stay at home and avoid close contact with others.
3. You can go to the grocery store but you have to wear a mask to cover your
nose and mouth.
4. If you have symptoms of COVID – 19, then call a barangay health worker in
your area.
III. What’s New
A. Determine whether this sentence answerable by True or False.
1. Department of Education announces this school year class start on August
24.
2. May 30, 2021 will be the last day of school.
3. When will you allowed to go to school?
4. Answer pages 5 to 15 of Learning Activity Sheets Quarter 2 – MELC 17.
5. log 2 2 = 1

Questions:
What do you call a sentence that is either true or false, but not both?
IV. Activity Proper
THINK PAIR – SHARE (Find a classmate that it is near to you and discuss to
answer this activity. Provided a minimum health protocol must be observed. If
none, you may answer this individually.)
DECIDE WELL!
A. Decide whether each of the following is a proposition or is not a proposition.
1. Rudrego R. Dutente is the president of the Philippines.
2. 6 × 6 = 36
3. What time is it?

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 4. His uncle’s name is not Manny.
5. Television network remain shut down or network paid their taxes.
6. A positive integer 𝑛 is divisible by 3 if and only if the sum of the digits of
𝑛 is divisible by 3.
7. Stay at least 6 feet away from others.
8. The coronavirus possibly came from a bat and can be spread by touching
an infected person.
9. If you have symptoms of COVID – 19, then call a barangay health worker
in your area.
B. Determine the compound proposition in Activity A and complete the table
below.

If 𝒑 is the
first
Type of
proposition
Statement
and 𝒒
(Conjunction,
represents
Disjunction,
Compound Connective Symbol the second
Negation,
Proposition used (˄, ˅, ~, →, ↔) proposition,
Conditional
write the
and
compound
Biconditional
proposition
)
in symbolic
form.
Example: if and only if ↔ Biconditional 𝑝↔𝑞
Two sides of a
triangle are
congruent if
and only if
two angles
opposite them
are
congruent.

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Guide Questions: Write your response on your journal.
1. What are the sentences in Activity A that are answerable by true or false?
2. Can you consider them as propositions? Why?
3. What is a proposition?
4. What are the simple propositions in Activity A?
5. How were you able to identify a simple proposition in Activity A?
6. What is a simple proposition?
7. What are the compound propositions in Activity A?
8. How did you determine a compound proposition in Activity A?
9. What are the connective words used in compound proposition?
10. What is the symbol used to represent the connective word and? or? not? if and
only if? and if …. then?
11. What are the different types of compound propositions?
12. How did you distinguish a simple proposition from compound proposition?

V. KEY CONCEPTS
Suppose we have these sentences: “Birds have feathers.” and “Close the
door.”. Which of them is a declarative sentence? Which of them you can
either say, “it is true, or it is false”? Yes, you are right! It is the first
sentence. This sentence is an example of a proposition.

Definition:
Proposition – is a declarative sentence that is either True or False
but not both. If a proposition is true, then its truth value is true, which
is denoted by T; otherwise, its truth value is false, which is denoted by
F.

Propositions are usually denoted by small letters. For example,

p: “Algebra is a branch of Mathematics”
may be read as
p is the proposition “Algebra is a branch of Mathematics”.

Simple Proposition – a proposition that conveys one thought with no

connecting words.

Compound proposition – contains two or more propositions that are put

together using connective words.

Symbols to Remember:
Let p and q represents propositions.
𝑝 ∧ 𝑞 – reads “p and q”
𝑝 ∨ 𝑞 – reads “p or q”

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 ∽ 𝑝 – reads “not p”
𝑝 → 𝑞 – reads “p implies q” or “if p then q”
Type of
Connective Symbol Compound Symbolic form
Proposition
and ˄ Conjunction 𝑝˄q
or ˅ Disjunction 𝑝˅𝑞
not ~ Negation ~p
If … then → Conditional 𝑝→q
if and only if ↔ Biconditional 𝑝↔𝑞

Illustrating and Writing Propositions in Symbols

Example 1.
Determine whether each of the following sentences is a proposition or not.
If it is a proposition, give its truth value.

1. p: Jose Rizal is the national hero of the Philippines.

2. q: In 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 5, 𝑦 = 2 when 𝑥 = −3.
3. r: It will rain today!
4. s: Do you like Math?
5. t: I passed my exam.

Solution:
Remember that a proposition is a declarative sentence which is either True
or False but not both.
1. p is a proposition, its truth value is T.
2. q is a proposition, its truth value is F.
3. r is not a proposition; it is not a declarative sentence.
4. n is not a proposition; it is not a declarative sentence.
5. t is a proposition. It could either be true or false but never both.

Example 2. Identify propositions p and q in the following statements and

write them in symbols.
1. Mario performs well in English and Math subjects.
2. If Mary got a grade less than 75, then she will fail the course.
3. I save money or my brother pays my tuition.
4. Mary and her sisters are good dancers.
3𝑥−4
5. If 𝑦 = , then 𝑥 ≠ 5.
𝑥−5

Solution:
Remember the symbols for “or” (∨), “and” (∧), “not” (∽), and “if-then” (→).

1. p: Mario performs well in English subject

q: Mario performs well in Math subject.
p and q. In symbol, ∧ 𝐪 .
2. p: Mary got a grade less than 75.
q: She will fail the course.
If p then q. In symbol, 𝐩 → 𝐪.

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 3. p: I save money.
q: My brother pays my tuition.
p or q. In symbol, 𝐩 ∨ 𝐪.
4. p: Mary is a good dancer.
q: Her sisters are good dancers.
p and q. In symbol, 𝐩 ∧ 𝐪.
3𝑥−4
5. p: 𝑦 =
𝑥−5
q: 𝑥 = 5
If p then not q. In symbol, 𝐩 →∽ 𝐪.

VI. What I Have Learned

1. What is a proposition?

2. What is a simple proposition?

3. What is a compound proposition?

4. What are the different types of compound proposition?

5. How do you illustrate and symbolize a proposition?

6. How to distinguish between a simple and compound proposition?

VII. What I Can Do

A. Identify the simple and compound proposition in the paragraph below.

Classify each compound proposition as conjunction, disjunction,
conditional, or biconditional, and negation. Write each compound
proposition in symbolic form.

Why Handwashing is Important and Effective

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 Handwashing is the act of cleaning one’s hands with soap and water to remove
harmful substances stuck to the hands. It is one of the most effective ways to prevent
the spread of coronavirus. If soap and water are not readily available, then use a hand
sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. However, sanitizers can quickly reduce
number of germs on hands but do not get rid of all types of germs. Thus, the World
Health Organization (WHO) recommends washing hands for at least 20 seconds.
Parents play an important role in teaching children to wash their hands.
Handwashing can be a lifelong healthy habit if and only if parents start teaching it at
an early age. Remember to make handwashing a healthy habit at home, school, and
at play!

Simple Proposition

Compound Proposition
Type of
Compoun
Proposition d Symbolic Form
Propositio
n

VIII. Test Yourself

A. Multiple Choices: Read each questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct
answer.
1. Which of the following sentences is a proposition?
A. The man is faithful and responsive.
B. Am I ready?
C. STOP! You are not allowed to leave the house.
D. Buy one kilo of rice when you go to the market.
2. The following statements are compound proposition except
A. If Marelle studied last night, then she will pass the exam.
B. Mary Grace like foods and Ana enjoy street foods.
C. Either logic is fun and interesting, or it is boring.
D. Find a number which divides your age.

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 3. Conjunction is a compound proposition connected by the word _________.
A. and B. or C. if … then D. if and only if
4. Disjunction proposition can be written in symbol as
A. ~𝑝 B. 𝑝 → 𝑞 C. 𝑝˄𝑞 D. 𝑝˅𝑞
5. A statement: “It is not the case that Joemar can play the piano or Ariel can
play the guitar.” can be written in symbolic statement as
A. 𝑝˅𝑞 B. 𝑝˄~𝑞 C. ~(𝑝˅𝑞) D. ~(𝑝˄𝑞)

IX. Enrichment Activity

Draw a Venn Diagram showing the relationship of the following proposition.

Write the proposition in statement form (1-3) and in symbolic form (4-5), draw
and shade the corresponding area in the Venn Diagram representing the
operation. Use different colors in each question.

Let A be the proposition representing “student like HUMSS strand”

Let B be the proposition representing “student taking SMAW strand”
Let C be the proposition representing student pursuing STEM strand”

1. A ˄ B

2. C ˅ A

3. ~ C

4. It is not the case that the student like HUMSS strand or student taking
SMAW strand.

5. Student like HUMSS strand and taking SMAW, or pursuing STEM strand.

X. References
➢ General Mathematics by Orlando A. Oronce
➢ DepEd SHS General Mathematics Learner’s Materials
➢ General Mathematics Activity Sheets Quarter 2 – MELC 17 and 18 by Region
VI – Western Visayas