NAME: Lord Denzell G.

De Lara
Score
SUBJ/SEC. MATH142 / A18
PRG/YR BSME / 1st YEAR
SN. 2021102238 Module # 2

GUIDED NOTEBOOK FOR COURSERA

I. TOPICS DISCUSSED
Write a summary of the topics you have learned so far from the video lectures in
Inferential Statistics (Coursera).

The third week of the Coursera course Inferential statistics tackled most
about the t-distribution and had a model-based approach in construction
confidence intervals, that is an important element in inferential statistics tackled
in the past weeks of the course. The third week is all about the concepts of t-
distribution in which it is a statistical tool used in approximating population
parameters of small sample sizes. In this lesson, we tackled how to analyze the
bell-shaped curve. We also learned how to calculate standard errors and its
difference with the population standard deviation and how to use the standard
error in the testing of the hypothesis and confidence intervals.

Moreover, the 4th week of the course is all about sampling variability,
and calculations of sampling variability and standard errors. Just like in all
statistical analysis of variables like standard deviation, variance, t-distribution
and confidence intervals, the sampling variability tells us how our estimates vary
between the population samples. This is important because it is used to
determine the structure of the data for analysis. In this, we cannot exactly and
accurately have precise estimates, that is why we use confidence levels and
margin of errors in the method. These concepts finally generalized the
statements of the Central Limit Theorem, which posits the probable, normal
distribution of a sample population, which, as the theorem suggest, the sampling
distribution will approach a normal curve as the population increases.

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 II. REFLECTION JOURNAL:
Write a reflection about what you have learned so far.  Your reflections should
include (1) your opinion, (2) personal experience, and (3) evidence for the video
lectures watched (page 2).

Inferential statistics by Duke University is a very useful course that helped me

learn all the information I need to know all about statistics that is useful in my
course Engineering Data Analysis. I believe this type of learning is an effective
method, not because we are currently in a pandemic, but because since it is online—
where all the lessons are recorded and can be accessed anytime—we have a flexible
mode (self-paced) of learning, we can handle our time efficiently and have broader
reach of knowledge with the access to the web. I had a great time doing my works in
Coursera. All the time given to us by our professor in our course this second module,
I use it to do my works and watch lessons in Coursera.

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 III. Summary of Scores from finished Coursera Activities.

Week Number: 3
Topic: Inference for Comparing Means
Type of Activity: Quiz
Score: 85.71%

Week Number: 3
Topic: Inference for Comparing Means
Type of Activity: Lab
Score: 100%

Week Number: 4
Topic: Inference for Proportions
Type of Activity: Quiz
Score: 83.33%

Week Number: 4
Topic: Inference for Proportions
Type of Activity: Lab
Score: 100%

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 IV. Attach here sample screen shots of video lectures per week (reduced sized).

Week 3

Week 4

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 V. SAMPLE EXERCISE

In a 2019 survey of 560 college students, 171 said they used illegal drugs during the
previous year. In a recent survey of 720 college students, 263 said that they used illegal
drugs during the previous year (based on data from the National Center for Addiction and
Substance Abuse at Colombia University). Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that
the proportion of college students using illegal drugs in 1993 was less than it is now.

 Identify the hypotheses.

H0 if P1 ≥ P2

H1 if P1 < P2

At a = 0.05

 Identify the test statistic.

(^ ^2 ) −( P1 −P2)
P1− P
z=

√ ^ )( 1 + 1 )
^ ( 1−P
P
n1 n2

x 1 171
^
P1= = =0.3054
n1 560

^ x 263
P2= 2 = =0.3653
n2 720

x 1+ x2 171+ 263
^
P= = ≈ 0 .339 1
n1+ n2 560+720

( 0.3054−0.3653 )−(0)
z=

√ 0.3391 ( 0.6609 )(
1
+
1
560 720
)

−0.0599
z=
0.02667
= -2.25

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  Identify the critical value(s) and P-value.

The z-critical value at α=0.05 for left tailed test is z = -1.645

P-value= (z < -2.245969) = 0.012353

 What is your conclusion?

With the p-value, at a significance level of a = 0.05, we can conclude that proportion
of college students using illegal drugs in 1993 is less that it is today.