URBAN HOUSING

City - Jaipur
Scheme - Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna, Chief Minister's Jan Awas Yojna

In June 2015, the Indian government initiated the “Housing for All” mission, which aimed to
resolve the housing shortage by conducting demand surveys of urban poor, including
slum dwellers, across various verticals. It was hoped that by the year 2022, every family will
have a pucca house with water connection, toilet facilities, 24X7 electricity supply and access.
In September 2015, the Rajasthan government launched the Chief Minister's Jan Awas Yojna
with the aim of providing sufficient and affordable housing to all. There were significant policy
initiatives by the Union and Rajasthan government to tackle housing shortage. Since 2015,
enough time has passed, and assessment of both schemes by various stakeholders, especially
EWS and LIG beneficiaries, is critical to meeting the mission's objectives. To increase affordable
housing, the central government took a number of organizational and policy decisions. The state
government also announced a slew of rebates, waivers, relaxations, and services for different
stakeholders, all with the aim of making the best use of limited urban land to provide affordable
housing to EWS and LIG residents.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION :
According to the 2011 census, India's population was 1210.50 million, with 377.10 million
(31.2%) living in cities and 833.40 million (68.8%) living in rural areas.5 There were 7933 towns
with urban populations, including 4041 statutory towns and 3892 census towns.The urban
population increased by 90.99 million between 2001 and 2011, compared to 90.97 million in
rural areas. However, the growth in urban population was 31.8
percent compared to 12.3 percent in rural population. In addition, the number of statutory towns
increased by 242 (6.4 percent) during the decade, while the number of census towns increased
to
2530. (185 percent)
In 2012, the TG group calculated the overall urban housing shortage in
millions as follows: households living in non-serviceable katcha 0.99, households living in
obsolescent houses 2.27, households living in congested houses needing new houses 14.99,
and households living in homeless conditions 0.53, resulting in an 18.78 million total urban
housing
shortage. PMAY has raised a demand for 112.2 lakh houses across various verticals until March
15, 2021. Following independence, governments have introduced a slew of schemes for
residents of urban slums, urban poor, and poorer sections, as well as for targeted groups,
including in urban areas to eliminate slums and address the housing crisis for economically
disadvantaged people and lower income groups. Owing to a lack of financial and other capital,
poorer parts of society in urban areas cannot afford housing on the free market. PMAY was the
most recent initiative in 2015 by the Government of India with a mission of "Housing for All" by
2022, and the State of Rajasthan considered various initiatives of the mission taken by the
Government of India while framing the policy CMJAY -15 so that the benefits of those could be
conveyed to deserving urban poor of the State.
POLICY INTERVENTIONS :
Any action, programme, or operation undertaken or ordered by competent authorities is referred
to as policy interference. Regulations, market-based rewards, knowledge schemes, and
infrastructure provision are all examples of this. To close the gap between housing demand and
supply in urban areas, policy measures were needed. The achievement of the mission's goals is
a top priority for both the Union and Rajasthan governments. The central
government has introduced a subsidy regime in which a cafeteria approach is used to select
beneficiaries under verticals such as AHP, ISSR, BLC, and CLSS by providing homes to the
urban poor and slum dwellers belonging to the EWS/LIG segments through policy
interventions. The Rajasthan government considered CMJAY with the intention of addressing
the state's housing shortage by incentivizing private developers, empowering government
departments, identifying land for affordable housing, and promoting fast-track approvals.

THE PRADHAN MANTRI AWAS YOJNA :

In this approach, housing shortages are determined by states/UTs based on demand
assessments. The State Level Nodal Agencies, Urban Local Bodies, Central Nodal Agencies,
and
Primary Lending Institutes are all significant pillars in the pmay implementation and progress.
The mission aims to include the entire urban area, which includes all statutory towns, and
planning areas, as well as urban development authorities that have been notified in relation to
the statutory towns that surround the concerned municipal areas. All of the houses in the
scheme will have electricity, running water, a kitchen, and a toilet, as well as access. The
mission encourages women's empowerment by allowing female members to own homes in their
own names or in joint names. Persons with disabilities, ST, SC, OBCs, minorities, and
transgender
people are also given preference. It is hoped that a pmay house would provide beneficiaries
with a dignified living environment, as well as a sense of security and ownership. Pmay has
developed a strategy to meet the needs of individuals based on geographical conditions,
topology, economic conditions, land availability, infrastructure, and other factors.

INCENTIVES FOR CMJAY POLICY :

Increased the EWS/LIG housing quota in residential schemes by
50% in housing boards, 25% in local governments and 10% of THE saleable area of schemes
floated by private developers. Projects with A 100% EWS/LIG portion received numerous
incentives, including free land conversion and change of usage, online land conversion, extra
floor area ratio, betterment levy relaxation, 100 percent waiver of building plan approval costs,
faster approvals, and relaxed planning norms are only a few of the benefits. For EWS/LIG
beneficiaries home loans are made easier by signing a tripartite agreement with financial
institutions. Nominal/reduced stamp duty on registration and conveyance deeds, as well as
allotment at subsidized rates to EWS and LIG beneficiaries in projects built on government
lands and private developer projects that comply with the CMJAY's mandatory provisions. The
number of houses connected to AHP was 213406, the number of homes linked to BLC was
90,528, the number of houses linked to ISSR was 16,883, and the number of homes linked to
CLSS was 38,671, against a goal of 6,14,622 houses, including 2 lakh dwellings linked to
CLSS, to be completed during the mission era. As of December 31, 2020, 1,94,009 houses
have been sanctioned, 78617 homes have been started, 45674 lakh dwellings have been
completed, and 41296 have been granted possession.