BPB22203

MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
LABSHEET 4: STRAIGHT TURNING USING
LATHE MACHINE

GROUP 1. SITI NUR HAYANI BINTI MOHAMAD NOH AP200056

MEMBER 2. SITI HAWA HAZWANI BINTI PADZIL AP200460
3. SERI AMISHA BINTI MOHD HASHLINDARINSHAH AP200385

SECTION  2

LAB TITLE STRAIGHT TURNING USING LATHE MACHINE

DATE 12/4/2022

LECTURER PUAN SITI ANISAH BINTI ATAN @ YAAKUB 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 OBJECTIVES 3
2.0 LEARNING OUTCOMES 3
3.0 RAW MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT. 4
4.0 BACKGROUND OF TURNING 5
5.0 How the Evolution of Lathe has Benefited Major Industries 7
5.0 WORK PROCEDURES 8
6.0 CONCLUSION 11
APPENDIX 12

1.0 OBJECTIVES
● Students learn basic machining operations using lathes through the production part as
shown in figure 1.
● Students also know the safety measures that need to be observed while conducting
activities in the workshop.

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2.0 LEARNING OUTCOMES
While I was doing this lathe work, I learned that the lathe work that was being carried out
used a lot of hands. Also, lathe work requires the process of cutting one piece at a time
carefully and slowly. Not only that, the equipment used is minimal.

During the study, I was able to learn in depth about what a lathe machine is and work
processes are also safety measures. Also, the lathe work is more complete using the hands
because we have to take measurements of the size or diameter we want.

In addition, I can understand the tools and equipment used in the workshop with its functions
are mainly lathe machines. This is because the work will be easier and less time taken by
knowing all the tools and equipment used in the workshop. For example, the teflon cutting
process uses a lathe machine as done has been marked and measured. The use of a lathe
machine to cut teflon requires meticulousness with precise measurements to the part we want.

3.0 RAW MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT.

Lathe machine

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 Hacksaw
Teflon
Vernier Calliper
Steel Ruler

4.0 BACKGROUND OF TURNING

History of lathe

A lathe is a machine tool that spins the work-piece on its axis to execute different operations

such as cutting, sanding, drilling, or deformation, facing and turning using tools applied to the

work-piece to create an item with symmetry about an axis of rotation. The lathe is an old

instrument that can be traced back to ancient egypt and was also known and utilised in

Assyria and ancient Greece. With the inclusion of a spinning bow, Ancient Rome improved

on the Egyptian design. Pedal turning supplanted hand-operated turning in the middle ages,

allowing both the craftsman’s hands to wield the woodturning tools. The pedal was

frequently attached to a pole, which was normally a straight-grained sapling. The system is

now known as the “spring pole” lathe. Spring pole lathes were widely used until the early

twentieth century.

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Evolution of Lathe

The original lathe was a basic lathe, currently known as a two-person lathe. One person

would use rope to spin the woodwork piece, while the other person would shape the work-

piece with a sharp tool. The Ancient Romans improved on this design by including a spinning

bow, which made woodworking easier. Later, a pedal (similar to those seen in manual sewing

machines) was employed to rotate the work piece. This style of lathe is known as a "spring

pole" lathe, and it was used until the early decades of the twentieth century.

Lathes are classed based on their application and functioning as follows:

Light duty lathe - These machines are used in the car, electronic, and electrical sectors and

are made from quality certified raw materials.

Medium duty - lathes are more powerful than light duty lathes and can work on larger work

pieces. They also have greater strength than light duty lathes. More information about

medium duty lathe machines may be found by clicking here.

Heavy duty late - These machines are made of the best quality materials, such as iron and

steel. They are intended for high-precision, heavy-duty applications.

All geared lathe - In an all geared lathe, all of the machine's spinning components are

powered by the same source at different speeds by gears to execute multiple tasks.

Imported lathe – Imported lathes are high-quality machines that are utilised for precise

operations.

Lathes are split into two types based on their method of operation.

Manual lathe - Because the tool is handled manually in these lathes, the precision of the job

is also dependent on the expertise of the person operating the machine.

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CNC Lathe - CNC lathes are fully automated machines. We only need to enter the

instructions into the computer, and the lathe will do the operations based on the data entered

into the computer.

Benefits of Advanced Lathe

Advanced computer controlled lathes have been developed as electronics and

automation engineering have progressed. Advanced lathes provide several advantages over

traditional lathes. In traditional lathes, the lathe operator checks the measurements on a

frequent basis to ensure flawless precision, and the time required to finish the task is longer

for high precision jobs. This is critical since removing surplus metal from the work-piece will

result in a waste of the entire work piece, resulting in a loss of money and effort. The

feedback mechanism in automated CNC lathes continually checks the dimensions, allowing

them to finish the job in a short amount of time with excellent precision. The loss is small

with automated lathes since they are faster and more accurate.

How the Evolution of Lathe has Benefited Major Industries

The lathe is, without a doubt, the first version of the mother working machine. It has evolved

such that the majority of its circular pieces are treated to produce horizontal or longitudinal

motions while the spinning piece is fixed on its chuck to alter its look and form with

minimum waste. Lathe makers have altered it to make it a more useful product. Over

decades, innovative CNC lathe processing equipment has replaced conventional lathes,

doubling production efficiency and considerably improving part processing, serving as a

major component and indication of national modernisation.

Summary

The lathe is a highly significant machine in engineering and is used in almost every sector.

They're utilised for diamond turning, decorative turning, metal spinning, glass working,

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thermal spraying, and a variety of other tasks. Lathe work may be found in almost all of the

things we use on a daily basis. The lathe will always be an important machine.

5.0 WORK PROCEDURES

Step 1: Prepare the tools and equipment

Step 2: Measure Teflon into 150mm and mark using pencil.

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Step 3: Using a hacksaw to cut the teflon that has been marked.

Step 4: Install the teflon on the lathe machine.

Step 5: Line the teflon according to the place that has been measured.

Step 6: Measure the telfon when it is done. Repeat step 5 to cut the 16mm diameter.

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Step 7: Measure the teflon using a vernier caliper at the second layer and repeat again step 5
to cut 12mm teflon.

Step 8: Measure again so that it will follow the plan.

Step 9: The result.

Step 10 : Clean the lathe after use

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6.0 CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the use of teflon is easier than the use of aluminum. Not only that, we can find
that the use of lathes in cutting is very important. Also, we need to be careful in cutting and
operating the machine.

Therefore, teflon lathe work is usually used with a lathe machine to cut the desired part. By
having a lathe, the work becomes more beautiful and more time -saving throughout the work
process.

From this learning, I can conclude that lathe work is not an easy job to do although we can
get the right one for finishing our work. In addition, the use of various hand tools provided in
the workshop plays an important role in handling the work process smoothly and
conveniently as it allows them to have a comfortable environment. It is also important that we
must take care of our work before and after the process because it shows that the work
process follows the steps.

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APPENDIX

FIGURE 1

FIGURE 2

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