Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Operation
Procedure Start
Page 2 Safety Precautions
Reference
Page
Page 3 Installation Tools
Installation
Pages 2-5 Requirements and
Preparations
Precautions for
Page 4
O
Operating
i C Cards
d
Precautions
Operation Rules
for Plugging /
Installing a Page 5
Page 6 Unplugging Optical
Cabinet
Modules
Pages 6- Installing a
Page 8 Equipment Layout Page 11 Installing a Card
10 Subrack
Installing
Connection and Page 32
Pages 29- Cabinet Doors
Layout of Optical
32 Checking Layout
Fiber Jumpers
Page 33 of Wires and
Cables
End
11
2 Safety Precautions
Warning
Laser Safety
To prevent laser radiation from injuring eyes, do not look into the end face of Laser class
d eyes.
the fiber or fiber connector directly with naked identifier
Caution
ESD Protection
Carpets or other materials that easily gene
erate static electricity should not be used on the floor of
the equipment room.
Do not touch any components or wires on cards, or metal conductors in sockets. ESD protection
measures should be taken if it is necessarry to touch the card during maintenance.
Caution
Grounding Requirements
Before power-on, ensure that the protection earth
e ground cables of the cabinet and subrack
are well grounded. Check whether the insulation resistance and ground resistance meet the
specifications.
Caution
Binding Cables
ould be laid out independently and bound
Each cable type on the installation site sho
separately. Note that optical fibers should be bound with dedicated fiber binding straps.
ends are necessary, the fiber bending radius should
Exercise care if you must bend fibers. If be
not be smaller than 10 D (“D” refers to thee optical fiber diameter) and should not be smaller
than 30 mm.
The cables are bound with proper and equ ual spacing between them. The wire binders are
arranged in good order. The extra parts of the binders are cut from the root without leaving
sharp points.
Caution
Pre-Installation Inspection
Prior to equipment installation, please inspecct the equipment room, cabinet, power supply,
connection of cables (especially earth ground d cable), and supporting facilities. After
confirming that the conditions for installation are satisfactory, start the installation following
the project designing documents.
22
3 Installation Tools
Electric drill
Ladder Vacuum cleaner (including the drill bit) Marker pen
Cross screwdriver
(insulated, with the shaft
Flat screwdriver (insulated) Crimping pliers Hydraulic pliers
longer than 300 mm)
ESD
protection Insulating
Flexible conduit tape Fiber binding strap
wrist strap
3
4 Instructions and Precautions for Card
C Operations
Caution
Do not contact cards with bare hands. Alwways wear ESD protection gloves or ESD
protection wrist strap when operating on cards.
c
When holding a card, put your hands on itts panel. Do not touch any components or
wires on a card or metal conductors in a socket.
s
All vacant slots in the subrack should be innstalled with dummy panels. When you unplug a
dummy panel, ensure that you will plug it back
b in five minutes.
Exercise caution when plugging a card. Th he card cannot be inserted if not properly oriented.
The cards are valuable and fragile. Users should treat them with great care.
Prevent the circuit surfaces of cards from contacting each other, to avoid shorting or
scratching.
If the unpacked card is a spare one, it will not be installed immediately. Pack the card with its
original ESD protection bag and put it in a dry and cool place, keeping it away from sunlight
and strong electromagnetic radiation sourcces.
44
5 Operation Rules for Plugging / Unplugging Optical Modules
Material code of
module component
Pulling the
optical module
(hooked end)
Pulling the
optical fiber
55
6 Installing a Cabinet
Note
The FONST 5000 U20E can be installed into the following cabinets. See related manuals for how
to install the cabinets.
Cabinet Model Manual Subrack Supported
21-inch
21 i h 340 mm-deep
d cabinet
bi t Quick
Q i k Installation
I t ll ti G Guid
d ffor the
de
id th 21-inch
21 i h C
Cabinet
bi t (340
FONST 5000 U20E
(404000282 to 404000285) mm-deep) (404000282 2 to 404000285)
COTP (3030036)
COTP (3030105)
21-inch 680 mm-deep cabinet Quick Installation Guid
de for the 21-inch Cabinet (680
COTP (3030163)
(404000305 to 404000308) mm-deep) (404000305 5 to 404000308)
7 Installing a Subrack
Subrack Structure
ESD protection
5 ⑩ earth ground Connects to the ESD protection device.
6 fastener
66
COTP (3030036) Subrack COTP (3030105) Subrack
1 8 1 9
2 2
3 3
8
4 4
5 5
7 7
6 6
1 8 ① Fan unit
2 ② Card area
3 9 ③ Mounting ear
Refer to the
④ Fiber spool
function
4
Subrack earth ground descriptions
⑤ for the
point
FONST
⑥ Anti-dust screen
5 5000 U20E
⑦ Fiber passage unit Subrack.
7 ⑧
ESD protection earth
ground fastener
6
⑨ Fiber puller hanger
Subrack Dimensions
77
7.2 Equipment Layout
The following uses a 19-inch 600 mm-deep and d a 21-inch 340 mm-deep cabinets as examples for
introducing the typical layouts of the cabinets. The
T 680 mm-deep cabinet can be taken as two back-
to-back 340 mm-deep cabinets.
Install the COTP subracks from the top down and the OTH subracks from the bottom up.
For a double-sided cabinet, do not use the rearr side until the front side is fully occupied.
When installing the subrack in a 19-inch 600 mm-deep cabinet, you need to install an external fiber
spool as well.
When installingg the FONST 5000 U20E subrack in a 19-inch 600 mm-deep p cabinet,, you
y need to
move the front vertical mounting flanges of the cabinet backward for 100 mm.
The distance between every three mounting ho oles on the front vertical mounting flange in a 19-inch
cabinet is 1 U (44.45 mm).
The distance between every two mounting hole es on the front vertical mounting flange in a 21-inch
cabinet is 1 SU (25 mm).
The ambient temperature shall not exceed 40℃ ℃ for long-term operation of the equipment and not
exceed 45℃ for short-term operation. If the hea at dissipation space is small, the temperature shall not
exceed 35℃ for long-term operation and not exxceed 40℃ for short-term operation.
88
7.3 Installing Subracks in a 19-inch Cabinet
Note
The FONST 5000 U20E and COTP (3030163) su ubracks are mounted in the same way in a 19-inch
cabinet. The following uses the FONST 5000 U2
20E subrack as an example.
M6
Flat Cross
screwdriver screwdriver
1 Move the front vertical mounting flanges of the 2 Mark the positions desired for the subrack
cabinet backward for 100 mm, and adjust the and slide rails on the vertical mounting
positions of the middle vertical mounting flanges.. flanges, and install the floating nuts.
Tip
It is unnecessary to move the front vertical
mounting flanges when the cabinet is equippedd
only with the COTP (3030163) subrack.
5
99
7.4 Installing Subracks in a 21-inch Cabinet
Note
Before mounting the FONST 5000 U20E and COTP C (3030163) subracks, replace their mounting
ears to those for the 21-inch cabinet, and insta
all the subrack fiber spools.
The FONST 5000 U20E, COTP (3030036), CO OTP (3030105) and COTP (3030163) subracks are
installed in a 21-inch cabinet in the same way. The following uses the FONST 5000 U20E
subrack as an example.
M6 M4
M3
Shaft length:
Slide Rails for 21- > 300 mm
inch Cabinets Mounting Ear for Subra
ack Fiber
21-inch Cabinets S
Spool
Procedure
Mark the positions desired for the subrack and slide e
1 rails on the vertical mounting flanges, and install the
e 2 Install the slide rails.
floating nuts.
M6
100
10
8 Installing Cards and Components
1 Align the upper and lower edges of the card 2 After the card is pushed into position, tighten
(with the component side facing right) with the the captive screws on the card panel to lock
slide rails in the slot. Push the card into the the card.
slot along the slide rails.
1 Open and extend the latches. Align the upper 2 When the card is pushed into the position,
and lower edges of the card (with the close and secure the latches in the direction
component side facing right) with the slide as indicated by the figure to secure the card.
rails in the slot. Push the card into the slot
along the slide rails.
111
11
8.2 Installing a Fan Unit
ESD protection gloves /
wrist strap
Caution
Exercise care when installing a fan unit.
Do not touch fan blades when a fan unit iss working. Cross Captive
screwdriver screw
Fan Unit for the FONST Fan Unit for the COTP Fan Unit for the COTP Fan Unit for the COTP
5000 U20E Subrack (3030036) Subrack (3030105) Subrack (3030163) Subrack
1 2
Note
The fan units for the FONST 5000 U20E, CO OTP (3030105) and
COTP (3030163) subracks are mounted in thet same way. Here
the fan unit for the FONST 5000 U20E subrrack is used as an
example.
1 Hold the fan unit gently with both hands, align n the slide
rails on both sides of the fan unit with the slide rail
grooves on the subrack respectively, and pussh the fan
unit slowly and completely into the subrack.
2 Fasten the screws on the fan unit handles.
6) Subrack
Installing the Fan Unit for the COTP (3030036
Note
g er three fan units,, which are installed in the same
The COTP ((3030036)) subrack has altogethe
way.
122
12
8.3 Installing an Anti-dust Screen
Anti-dust Screen for the FONST 5000 U20E Anti-dust Screen for the COTP
/ COTP (3030163) Subrack (3030036) / COTP (3030105) Subrack
Procedure
Note
Generally, the anti-dust screen has been n
installed in the subrack before delivery,
and users need not install it on site.
However,, cleaning g and maintenance of the
anti-dust screen are required at regular
intervals. In this case, users need to
remove and install the anti-dust screen ono
site.
The anti-dust screens for the FONST 50 000
U20E, COTP (3030036), COTP (303010 05)
and COTP (3030163) subracks are insta alled
in the same way. Here the anti-dust scre
een
for the FONST 5000 U20E subrack is ussed
as an example.
13
133
8.4 Installing a DCM Plug-in Frame
4 3 2 1 3 2 1
Dual-DCM Plug-in Frame for a 21-inch 300 Dual-DCM Plug-in Frame for a 21-inch
mm / 340 mm-deep Cabinet 600 mm / 680 mm-deep Cabinet
No. Description
① DCM module
Procedure
Flat Cross
Marker
Ma k pen P
Panel
l screw
screwdriver screwdriver
Note M6
1 Mark the positions for mounting the slide railss, and install the slide rails of the DCM plug-in
frame.
Install the floating nuts on the square mountin ng holes (desired for installing the mounting ears
2
of the DCM plug-in frame) on the rear vertical mounting flanges on both sides of the cabinet.
Push in the plug-in frame with DCM modules along the slide rails from the front side of the
cabinet.
Insert the spring screws on the mounting earss of the plug-in frame into the mounting holes
3
installed with floating nuts, and fasten the scrrews to secure the plug-in frame.
1 2 3
144
14
8.5 Installing an External Fiber Spool
Note
Side plate with Front panel Wiring hole Fiber winding column
the mounting ear
Procedure
Flat Cross
screwdriver screwdriver
15
155
9 Preparations for Cable Connection
n
Note
Internal cables are connected inside the cabinet.
c Usually they have been connected before
delivery. Installers should check the connnection of internal cables on site. The items to
check include whether the cable distributiion is reasonable, whether the wires and cables
are properly and neatly arranged, whethe er the plugs are connected firmly, whether
ether any part is missing.
incorrect or poor insertion exists, and whe
The installers can choose the top access wiring mode or the floor access wiring mode
according to the equipment room and the e installation site conditions (This guide uses the
top access wiring mode as an example fo or description).
Tip
Before laying out wires and cables, you ne eed to remove the front panel of the PDP. If space
is limited for operations, you can remove the
t baffle at the bottom of the PDP and open the
baffle of the subrack fiber passage unit annd the front panel of the external fiber spool as well.
After you have completed the layout of wirres and cables, restore the front panel and baffle of
the PDP to their original places, and closee the baffle of the subrack fiber passage unit and
the front panel of the external fiber spool in time.
Opening the Baffle of the Subrack Opening the Front Panel of the
Fiber Passage Unit External Fiber Spool
166
16
Preparing Wiring Holes on the Cabinet Fastening the mouseproof hop-
pockets on the top of cabinet
Note
For a cabinet equipped with mouseproof ho op-
pockets on the top, fasten the mouseproof hop-
e led into
pockets after external wires and cables are
the cabinet and well arranged.
For a cabinet equipped with a cover plate ata the top or bottom of the cabinet, determine the
position, size and number of wiring holes according
a to the wiring plan. Pierce the cover plate
with diagonal pliers at desired positions to make wiring holes. The following introduces how
to make wiring holes on the top of the cabinet.
Prepare the holes from near to far in seque ence.
Polish the raw edges of holes so that they will not cut hands or cables.
L M R
17
177
10 Cabinet with Routed Fibers and Cables
C
18
188
11 Connecting Power Cables and Pro
otection Earth Ground Cables
Subrack protection
earth ground cable
2
Floating nut
Earth ground point on
g
the vertical mounting
flange of the cabinet
Subrack protection
earth ground cable
19
199
11.2 Connecting Cabinet Power Cables
Warning
Before connecting the cabinet power cables, ensure that the external power supply is shut
down. Never install the power cables while they are electrified.
Make sure that the DC input power is cut off during the operation. Attach labels to the
switches that will be used.
Never expose the joining part of the poweer cable and the power connector unless
necessary.
If the bonding resistance between the gro
ound cable of the equipment and the ground bar
is larger than 0.1 ohm, the ground cable should
s be re-arranged.
Caution
With the premise that the cables must be arranged in compliance with the route, the cabinet
power cables should be processed on sitee according to the shortest route principle
principle.
The power cables should be made of a co ontinuous segment of copper core with no
intermediate connections.
Connection
PDP Side
Opposite
Cable Type Note 2
PDP850A PDP2996B Side
PDP1063A (3000082)
(3000064)Note 1 (30000
068)
Note 1: When a busbar is used, only 25 mm2 power cables can c be used. Select only one pair of -48 V active and standby
connectors. When no busbar is used, both 16 mm2 and 25 mm m 2 power cables can be used. Select the -48 V active and
standby connectors are needed.
Note 2: Different PDPs use different types of cabinet power cables.
c Please refer to the chapter on cables in FONST 5000 U
Series Hardware Description to select the correct cable typess.
Shorting
bar
200
20
Note
Before delivery of a PDP, one end of the PDP
P protection earth ground cable is already connected to
the PE connector. The other end needs to be connected to the cabinet-top protection earth ground
point on site.
The figure below uses PDP1063A (3000082) as an example to introduce how to install cabinet power
cables.
Cabinet-top
earth ground M6 Screw
point
To external 0 V power
To external -48 V
DC power
1
212
-48 V
Screw / Captive
bolt screw
M6 M3
Socket Cross
PDP Protection wrench screwdriver
-48 V Power 0 V Power Cable Protection Earth
Cable Ground Cable Earth Ground Cable
21
1
11.3 Connecting the Subrack Power Cables
Caution
Before connecting the subrack power cable e, make sure the subrack power control switch on the
PDP is placed in the OFF position.
Completely insert the cord end terminals innto the terminal blocks on the PDP. To ensure good
connection, the metal part exposed should not exceed one sixth of the overall metal length. The
length of exposed insulation covering or me etal part of terminals in the same row or batch should
be equal whenever possible.
Do not press the insulation covering of the cord end terminals, which may result in poor electrical
connection.
Make sure the side with larger area of the cord
c end terminal contact with the terminal block.
After you have completed connection of the e power cables
cables, attach a label indicating the cable
information to both ends of each cable, 1 cm to 2 cm away from the connector on each end.
Connecting the FONST 5000 U20E Subrack Power Cable
Note
The figure below uses PDP1063A (3000082)) as an example to introduce how to connect the
power cable for the FONST 5000 U20E subra
ack.
1 Screw / bolt
M4
Flat
screwdriver
2 M4
Connection
Connection De
escription
Cable Connector
PDP1063A (3000082) PDP850A (3000064)
_A_5
0V_A_1 to 0V_A 0V_A_1 to 0V_A_4
Cord end
(XS8 and XS9) (active) (XS4 and XS5) (active)
terminal X2
0V_B_1 to 0V_
_B_5 0V_B_1 to 0V_B_4
(0 V, black)
(XS12 and XS13) (standby) (XS9 and XS10) (standby)
22
222
Connecting the COTP Subrack (3030105 / 3030163)) Power Cable
Connection
Connectio
on Description
Cable Connector
PDP1063AA PDP850A PDP296B
(3000082) (3000064) (3000068)
-48V_A_1 to
t -48V_A_1 to
-48V_A_5 -48V_A_4 -48V_A_1 to
(XS6 and XS10)
X (XS2 and XS7) -48V_A_3
Cord end
(active) (active) (active)
terminal X1
-48V_B_1 to
t -48V_B_1 to -48V_B_1 to
(-48 V, blue)
-48V_B_5 -48V_B_4 -48V_B_3
(XS7 and XS11)
X (XS3 and XS8) (standby)
(standby) (standby)
0V_A_1 to 0V_A_1 to
0V_A_5 0V_A_4 0V_A_1 to
(XS8 and XS9)
X (XS4 and XS5) 0V_A_3
Cord end
(active) (active) (active)
terminal X1
0V_B_1 to 0V_B_1 to 0V_B_1 to
(0 V, black)
0V_B_5 0V_B_4 0V_B_3
(XS12 and XS13) (XS9 and XS10) (standby)
( t db )
(standby) ( t db )
(standby)
23
233
Connecting the COTP Subrack
(3030036) Power Cable
Connection
Connection Description
Cable Connector
PDP850A (3000064) PDP296B (3000068)
-48V_A_1 to -
48V_A_4 (XS2 and -48V_A_1 to -
Cord end terminal
XS7) (active) 48V_A_3 (active)
X2
-48V_B_1 to - -48V_B_1 to -
(-48 V, blue)
48V_B_4 (XS3 and 48V_B_3 (standby)
XS8) (standby)
0V_A_1 to 0V_A_4
(XS4 and XS5) 0V_A_1 to 0V_A_3
Cord end terminal
(active) (active)
X2
0V_B_1 to 0V_B_4 0V_B_1 to 0V_B_3
(0 V, black)
(XS9 and XS10) (standby)
(standby)
Connected to the power interface of the power
Connector X1
card in the subrack.
24
244
12 Connecting the Alarm Cables
12.1 Connecting the Alarm Cable for the Heaad of Row Cabinet
Note
Connection of the alarm cable for the head of row cabinet may vary with the PDP used. Please refer to the
table below for details.
The following uses the PDP1063A (3000082) as an a example to introduce how to connect the alarm cable for
the head of row cabinet.
Connected to the
1 Thread the alarm cable for the head of row cabinet
head of row cabinet through the wiring hole on the top of the cabinet,
route it along the wiring channel on the side of the
cabinet, and lead it into the PDP through the wiring
h l on th
hole the ttop off the
th PDP.
PDP
2 Insert the D-type connector of the alarm cable for
the head of row cabinet into the XP6 socket on the
PDP.
Connection 3 Arrange the alarm cable for the head of row
cabinet, and connect it to the head of row cabinet.
Cable Connector Connection Description
Note 1: Users need to make the plug for connection to the head
h of row cabinet in the equipment room by themselves.
Note
Connection of the subrack alarm cable on the PDP P side varies with the subrack type and the PDP used.
Please refer to the table below for details. The follo
owing uses the FONST 5000 U20E subrack and the PDP
1063A (3000082) as examples to introduce how to o connect the subrack alarm cable.
X1
onnector
X2: RJ-45 co PDP296B: one of the connectors AlmIn1 to AlmIn3
2
25
13 Connecting the E1 Clock Cable
E1 Clock Cable
2
Note
After being connected to the external clock device,
d
the E1 clock cable is routed in the space bettween
the subrack side panel and the cabinet side door
d
behind the vertical mounting flanges, led to the
t
bottom of the subrack, threaded through the wiring
nnected
holes of the fiber passage unit, and then con
to the CLK interface of the CCU card.
Connection
CLK interface on the CCU card Conneccted to the external clock device.
Tip
Please refer to the chapter on cables in FONST 5000 U Series Hardware Description for the color-
coding scheme of the E1 clock cable.
6
26
14 Connecting the Service Managem
ment and Monitoring Cables
Network cable
Note
p
The network cable is routed in the space between
the subrack side panel and the cabinet side door
behind the vertical mounting flanges, led to the
t
bottom of the subrack, threaded through the e
wiring holes of the fiber passage unit, and th
hen
connected to the desired card.
Connection
TOD interface Inputs time signals, and usually connects to a time synchronization device.
Inputs and outputs network
n management monitoring information and usually
f interface
connects to the com
mputer installed with the EMS.
27
7
Rules for Binding Cables
Diameter
When the diameter of a cable
bundle is less than 10 mm, the
distance is 150 mm.
When the diameter of a cable
bundle is between 10 mm and 30 Distance between
mm, the distance is 200 mm. cable ties
When
Wh the th diameter
di t off a cable
bl 、
bundle is no less than 30 mm, the
distance is 300 mm.
When binding the bent cables, bind
them at both sides of the bend. Do
not bind them midway through the
bend; otherwise, the cores inside
the cables may be broken.
The bending radius (R) of the R
Cable tie
cables shall meet the following
requirements (D refers to the cable
diameter):
Cables for general use: R ≥ 2D
RF cables: R ≥ 15D in common
conditions; R ≥ 10D in extreme
conditions.
288
15 Connecting Optical Fiber Jumperss
Note
Choose a proper type of optical fiber jumpers according to the types of optical interfaces on the
ent.
local equipment and the opposite end equipme
Subrack Side
ODF Side
Caution
Internal pipe
External p
pipe
p
29
299
15.2 Connecting the Optical Fibers Inside thee Cabinet
Connected to the ODF Connected to the ODF
1 1
Fiber binding
strap
Note
Determine the way to coil the
optical fibers according
i l fib di to their
h i
3 3
4
length. It is advisable to coil the
optical fibers around the large
spool first. Do not make the
coils too tight or too loose.
2 1 2 Large 5
Medium
Small
30
300
15.3 Arranging Optical Fibers on the Externaal Fiber Spool
Caution
The fiber spool should not be overloaded; otherwise,
o heat dissipation of the subrack below the
fiber spool may be affected.
Fiber binding
strap
Note
Optical fibers for different DCMs are laid in th
he same way. Here the dual-DCM plug-in frame
mounted in a 21-inch 300 mm / 340 mm-deep cabinet is used as an example.
While connecting optical fibers for a DCM, make
m sure the DCM and the optical fibers are
correctly connected in both directions accord ding to the on
on-site
site project documents.
documents
Fiber binding
strap
The optical interfaces not connected with fibe er pigtails should be covered
4
with anti-dust caps. The fiber pigtails not connnected with optical interfaces
should be covered with pigtail caps.
Caution
Do not leave the labels between two card
ds, which may affect the electrical
conductivity between cards.
311
31
Rules for Binding Optical Fibers
Note
Please refer to the cabinet manuals mentione
ed in the section “Installing Cabinets” for the
procedures of installing cabinet doors.
Caution
void damaging wires and cables.
Open and close the cabinet door gently to av
322
32
17 Post-Installation Inspection
Caution
When the connection and layout of the cabless and wires is completed, installers should conduct the
connectivity test and ensure that the signals are
a transmitted effectively.
No. Items to be Checked Checking Method
The specifications, routes, cross-sectional areas and positions of the cables arranged are
1 compliant with the construction drawing. The cablees are arranged in good order, without Visual inspection
damage to their sheath.
The connectors of the cables are clean and intact, and the connectors made onsite
2 Visual inspection
are up to standard. The connectors are all connectted correctly and firmly.
When cables must be arranged along the upper pa art of the cabinet, the distance between
them and the ventilation hole on the cabinet top sh
hould be no less than 10 cm.
3 Visual inspection
If the distance between the cabling rack and the ca
abinet is larger than 0.8m, installers should
set up a cabling ladder.
Caution
The FONST 5000 U20E uses a -48 V DC power s supply with an acceptable voltage range from -40 V to -57 V.
Before powering on the equipment, you need to check
c and confirm the following items:
1.The cabinet power cables are correctly connected with the external power supply equipment.
2.All the wires and cables are connected correctlyy.
3.All power control switches on the PDP are place ed in the OFF position.
4.The power cables of all subracks are disconnec cted.
artially drawn out.
5.All the cards and fan units in the subrack are pa
Note
The power-off procedures for the FONST 5000 U20E
U are in reverse order of the power-on ones.
3
33
18 Dos and Don’ts
Do not install / operate the Do not connect or remove Direct or indirect contact Report any possible safety
equipment or lay cables the power cable while it is through damp objects with problems whenever
during a lightning storm. powered. high voltage power supply necessary.
can cause bodily harm and
should be avoided.
The vacant slots should be Do not bind optical fibers The upper layer of big
covered with dummy Lay out power cables and with cable ties. Use the black bundles of cables should be
panels to prevent foreign signal cables separately. fiber binding strap instead. tidy, without any avoidable
objects from entering the kinks or twists.
equipment and ensure
normal air circulation.
34
344