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    15 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current

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    Archana

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    CHAPTER 15 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current [P Section-A @FHTITEETY ues Fm Fill inthe Blanks 1. A uniformly wound solenoidal coil of self inductance 1.8 « 10~ henry and resistance 6 ohm is broken up into two identical coils. These identical coils are then connected in parallel across 15-volt battery of negligible resistance. The time constant forthe current in the circuits... seconds and the steady state current through the battery is amperes. (1989 - 2 Marks) 2. Inastraight conducting wire, a constant current is flowing from left to right due toa source of emf. When the source is switched off, the direction ofthe induced current in the wire will (1993 - I Marks) B Rt 1. Anem4.can be induced between the two ends ofa straight ‘copper wire when itis moved through a uniform magnetic fidld. (1980) 2. Accoil of metal wire is kept stationary in a non-uniform ‘magnetic field, An e.m.f. isinduced in the coil (1986 - 3 Marks) 3. A conducting rod 4B moves parallel to the x-axis (see Fig.) in a uniform magnetic field pointing in the positive z-direction. The end 4 of the rod gets positively charged, y (1987-2 Marks) oOo oO By Ol7O © 4 () (0) ° 0 5 C Meera uccs 1. A thin citeular ring of area 4 is held perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field of induction B. 4 small cutis made in the ring and a galvanometer is connected across the ends such that the total resistance of the circuit is R. When the ring is suddenly squeezed to zero area, the charge flowing through the glvanometer is (19935) 2 BR AB 4 © > oF ©4R A thin semi-circular conducting ring [> .— of radius R is falling with its plane e vertical in horizontal magnetic | x < « induction B. At the position MNO | the speed of the ring is v, and the potential diference developedacross | « /< 4 \ thering is (@) 2210 (©) BynR®/2 and Misat higher potential (©) nRBvand Qisat higher potential (@) 2RBvand Qisat higher potential ‘Two identical circular loops of metal wire are lying on a table without touching each other. Loop-A carriesa current which increases with time. In response, the loop-B (@) remains stationary (1999S- 2 Marks) (is attracted by the loop-A (©) is repelled by the loop-A (@)_ rotates about its CM, with CM fixed coil ofinductance 8.4 mH andresistance 6 2 isconnected to a 12 V battery. The current in the coil is 1.0 A at approximately the time (1999S- 2 Marks) (@ 500s (b) 25s (@ 35ms_ @ Ims ‘A uniform but time-varying magnetic field B() exists in @ circular region of radius a and is directed into the plane of the paper, as shown. The magnitude ofthe induced electric field at point Pata distance r from the centre ofthe circular region 0) (20008) @ iszeo . (b) decreases as I/r Ee (©) increases as r (@) decreases as 1 A coil of wire having inductance and resistance has a conducting ring placed coaxially within it. The coil is connected toa battery at timer = 0, sothat a time-dependent current |) starts flowing through the coil. If L() is the current induced in thering, and B() isthe magnetic field at the axis ofthe eoil due to /,(0, then as a function of time (€>0), the product (9 B(O) (20008) ()_ increases with time (b) decreases with time (©) does not vary with time (@_ passes through a maximum (1996-2 Marks) org 10. ‘A metallic square loop ABCD is moving in its own plane ‘with velocity vin a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to itsplaneas shown in the figure An electric field induced (20018) le (@) in AD, butnotin BC” (b) in BC, butnot in AD (©) neither in AD nor in BC (4) in both AD and BC ‘Two circular coils can be arranged in any of the three situations shown in the figure. Their mutual inductance will be (20018) = 0 aa cCéol cS) o © (a) maximum in situation (a) (b) maximum in situation (b) (©) maximumin situation (c) (d) the same in all situations ‘Asshown inthe figure, P and Q are twocoaxial conducting loops separated by some distance. When the switch S is closed, a clockwise curent Jp flows in P (as seen by £) and an induced current Jy lows in O. The switch remains closed fora longtime, When Sis opened, a curent Jy flows in Q. Then the direction 10, and 10, (as seen by E¥are (20025) » a E ° Battery (@) respectively clockwise and anti-clockwise () both clockwise (©) both anti-clockwise (@)_ respectively anti-clockwise and clockwise A short-circuited coil i placed ina time-varying magnetic field, Electrical power is dissipated dueto the current induced in the coil. Ifthe number ofturns were to be quadrupled and the wire radius halved, the electrical power dissipated would be 20028) (@)_ halved (6) thesame (©) doubled (quadrupled ‘When an AC souree of emf e = By sin(100) is connected acrossa circuit, the phase difference between the emf eand the current iin the circuit is observed to be n/4 , as shown in the diagram. Ifthe circuit consists possibly only of RC oF R-L or L-C in series, find the relationship between the two elements 20038) (@) R=1k0,C=10 uF () R=1k0,C=1yF © R=1kO,L= 10H (@ R=1kO,L=1H 1B. “4 Topic-wise Solved Papers - PHYSICS A smnall bar magnet is being slowly inserted with constant |EEEEE—> velocity inside a solenoid as shown in figure. Which graph best represents the relationship between emfinduced with ime (20048) E z @ a © a © m <— An infinitely long eylinder is kept parallel to an uniform magnetic field B directed along positive z-axis. The direction of induced current as seen from the z-axis will be 20055) (a) zer0 (b) anticlockwise ofthe +vezaxis, (©) clockwise ofthe +vez axis (@)_ along the magnetic field Find the time constant (in ts) fr the given RC circuitsin the ‘given order respectively (2006-3M,-1) a is wt R10, feoan, car, G @ 84S HEA | 41E 45.18 Thefigureshowscertainwire x yx x x 4X x segments joined together to form a coplanar loop. The * }{* x x loop is placed in a perpendicular magnetic field. * = i738 inthedirection goingintothe , Ll] x plane of the figure. The magnitude of the field X % % X X X inreases with time. J, and are the currentsin the segments aaband ed. Then, 2009) @ 1,>h © heh (©) 1; isinthe direction ba and 1, is in the direction ed (@ 1, isinthe direction ab and {isin the direction de GP_3481 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current —_____________» 16, An AC voltage source of variable angular frequency «and fixed amplitude Fis connected in series with a capacitance Cand an electri’ bulb of resistance R (inductance zer0) ‘When vis increased 2010) (@) thebulb glows dimmer () the bulb glows brighter (©) total impedance ofthe circuit is unchanged (@) total impedance of the cireuit increases BY MCQs with One or More than One Correct] 1. _L, Cand & represent the physical quantities, inductance, capacitance and resistance respectively. The combination(s) ‘which have the dimensions of frequency are (1984-2 Marks) @ URC (b) RL (©) WEE (CL 2. Reonducing square op of se and resistance f moves i is plane ofis8 cae 308 with a uniform velocity v sree perpendicular to one of its sides. A ¥, 2 ‘magnetic induction B, constant in @e ges time and space, pointing Sam: perpendicular and into the plane of the loop exists everywhere, ‘The current induced inthe loop is: (@) BLv/R clockwise (b) BLv/R anticlockwise (©) 2BLy/Ranticlockwise (4) zero. 3. Twodifferent coilshave selfinductances L, = 8 mHand_, 2 mH. The current in one coil is increased at a constant rate, The current in the second coil is also increased at the ‘same constant rate. Ata certain instant of time, the power given tothe two cols is the same, At that time, the current, the induced voltage and the energy stored in the first coil are i, V; and I, respectively. Corresponding values for the second coil at the same instant are i, Vand W respectively. Then: (1994-2 Marks) aie 4.} Ae a © B77 OL OMG OF, 4. A small square loop of wie of side lis placed inside large ‘square loop of wire of side L(L>>/). The loops are co-planar and their centres coincide. The mutual inductance of the system is proportional to (1998S -2 Marks) (a) UL b) FIL (LI @ Li ‘5. The S/unit of inductance, the henry, can be written as (19985 - 2 Marks) (@) weber/ampere (b)_voltsecond/ampere (©)_joulelamperey? (@)_ohm-second 6. A-metal rod moves at a constant velocity in direction perpendicular to its length, A constant, uniform magnetic field exists in space in a direction perpendicular tothe rod as well as its velocity. Select the correct statement(s) from the following (1998S - 2 Marks) (a) Theentire rod is at the same electric potential. (©) Thereisan electric field in therod. (©) Theelectric potential is highest at the centre of the rod and decreases towards its ends. (@ Theelectricpotential is lowest atthe centre ofthe rod, and increases towards its ends 2 10. feu Asseries R-C circuit is connected to AC voltage source. Consider two cases; (A) when C is without a dielectric ‘medium and (B) when Cis filled with dielectric of constant 4 ‘The current |, through the resistor and voltage V. across the capacitor are compared in the two cases. Which of the following is/are true? on) @ i> o@ vaove @ In the given circuit, the AC source has = 100 rad/s ‘Considering the inductor and capacitor tobe ideal, the correct &) if a B ‘Thetwo rails ofa railway track, insulated from each other and the ground, are connected to a milli voltmeter. What is the reading ofthe mill voltmeter when a train travelsata speed of 180 km/hour along the tack, given that the vertical component ofearth’s magnetic field is 0.2» 10~* weber/m? & the rails are separated by | meter? (1981-4 Marks) ‘Three identical closed coils 4, B and Care placed with their planes parallel to one another. Coils 4 and C carry equal ‘currents as shown in Fig. Coils Band Care fixed in position andooil 4 ismoved towards B with uniform motion. Is there ‘any induced current in B ? Ifno, give reasons. Ifyes mark the direction ofthe induced current in the diagram. (1982 - 2 Marks) a a Asquaremetal wire oop of side 10 cms and resistance 1 ohm is moved with a constant velocity vp in a uniform magnetic eld of induction B = 2 webers! ee im? as shown in the figure. The magnetic field lines are perpendicular to the plane of the loop (directed into the paper). The loop is connected to a network of resistors ‘each of value 3 ohms. Theresistances of the lead wires OS and PQ are negligible. What shouldbe the speed of the loop s0astohavea steady curent of | milliamperein the loop ? Give the direction of current in the loop. (1983 -6 Marks) GP_3481 1 Bectromagueic Induction and Alternating Current a a ‘Space is divided by the line AD into two regions. Region I is field free and the Region IT has uniform magnetic field B directed into the plane ofthe paper. ACD is a semicircular conducting loop of radius r with centre at O, the plane of the loop being in the plane of the paper. The loop is now ‘made to rotate with a constant angular velocity o about an axis passing through Oand the perpendicular to the plane of the paper. The effective resistance of the loop is R. (1985 - 6 Marks) Region aaa x a 3 (@ Obtainan expression ‘current in the loop. (ii) Show the direction of the current when the loop is ‘entering into the Region IL (ii, Plota graph between the induced exm.fand the time of rotation for two periods of rotation. Two long parallel horizontal rails, a distance d apart and each having a resistance . per unit length, are joined at ‘one end by a resistance R. A perfectly conducting rod MN of mass m is free to slide along the rails without friction (ee figure). There isa uniform magnetic field of induction B normal to the plane of the paper and directed into the paper. A variable force Fis applied tothe rod MN such that, asthe rod moves, a constant current flows through R. (1988 - 6 Marks) x Be XXX xX XXX XXX XXX XXX x x magnitude ofthe induced forthe ex xfer «bx ce > (Find the velocity ofthe rod and the applied force F as function ofthe distance x of the od from R. (ii) What fraction of the work done per second by F is ‘converted into heat ? A circuit containing a two position switch S is shown in fig. (1991-44 Marks) Tenth (@) The switch S isin position “1°, Find the potential difference V,~ Vand the rate of production of joule heat in (©) Ifnow the switch Sis putin position 2 at (i) steady current in Ryand (i) thetime when curent in Ris half the steady vale. Alsocaleulatethe energy stored in the inductor Lat hat time Ofind 10. un. Arectangular frame ABCD, made ofa uniform metal wire, has a sraght [ ‘connection between E and F made of the same wire, asshown in Fig. AEFD isa square of side Im, and EB 0.5m. The entire circuit is placed in steadily increasing, uniformmagnetic a field directed into the plane of the paper and normal to it. ‘The rate of change of the magnetic field is IT/s. The resistance per unit length of the wire is 1¢2/m, Find the ‘magnitudes and directions of the currents in the segments AE, BE and EF (1993-5 Marks) Twoparallel verticalmetalicrails4B Ry and CD are separated by 1m. They f>-—WW are connected at two ends by LLL resistances R and R, as shown in Figure. Ahorizontal metallicbar Lot mass 0.2 kg slides without friction vertically down the rails under the R action of gravity There isa uniform UL ayyig—lt horizontal magnetic field of 0.6 Tesla perpendicular to the plane of the rails. It is observed that hen the terminal velocityis attained, the powers dissipated in R, and R, are 0,76 Watt and I.2 watt respectively. Find the terminal velocity ofthe bar L and the values of R, and R,. (1994-6 Marks) Armetal rod OA of mass ‘nr and length ‘ris kept rotating ‘with a constant angular speed « ina vertical plane about a horizontal axis at the end O. The free end A is arranged to slide without friction along a fixed conducting circular ring inthe same plane as that of rotation. A uniform and constant magneticinduction & isapplied perpendicular and into the plane of rotation as shown in the figure below. An inductor Landan external resistance R are connected through a switch ‘S’between the point O and a point Con the ring to form an electrical circuit, Neglect the resistance of the ring and the rod. Initially, the switch i open (1995 - 10 Marks) (a) What is the induced emf across the terminals of the switch? (b) The switch Sis closed at time t= 0, (Obtain an expression for the current as a function oftime (i) In the steady state, obtain the time dependence of the torque required to maintain the constant angular speed, given thatthe rod O4 was along, the positive X-axis at *=0. Asolenoid has an inductance of 10 henry and a resistance ‘0f2 ohm, It is connected to a 10 vot battery, How long will ittake forthe magnetic energy toreach 1/4 ofits maximum value? (1996-3 Marks) ed 12, 2B. 4 ‘A pair of parallel horizontal conducting rails of negligible resistance shorted at one end is fixed on a table. The distance between the rails is J ‘Acconducting massless rodof resistance R can slide on the rails frictionlessy. The ro is tied toa massless string which passes over a pulley fixed to the edge of the table. A mass m, tied tothe other end of the string hangs vertically. A constant magnetic field B exists perpendicular tothe table, Ifthe system is released from rest, calculate (1997-5 Marks) (the terminal velocity achieved by the tod, and (i). the acceleration ofthe mass at the instant when the ‘velocity of the rod is half the terminal velocity ‘A magnetic field B = B, (via)k is into the paper in the +42direction. B, and aare postive constants. A square loop EFGH of side a, mass m and resistance R, in x y plane, starts falling under the influence of gravity see figure) Note the directions of x and y axes in igure. (1999 10 Marks)) Find (@) theinduosd current inthe loop and indicate its direction. (©) the total Lorentz force acting on the loop and indicate itsdireetion, and (©) an expression for the speed of the loop, v() and its terminal value ‘An inductor of inductance 2=400 —L_ a mHand resistors of * R resistances =20 and Ry = 20. are connected 0 a battery of emf = 12.V asshown inthe figure. The internal resistance of thebateryis negligible. The switch Sis closed attime ¢=0, Whats the potential drop across Las function of time? After the steady state is reached, the switch is opened. What is the diretion andthe magnitude of current through R, asa function oftime? (2001-5 Marks) ‘A rectangular loop PORS made from a uniform wire has length a, width band mass m. Iis fee to rotate about the arm PQ, which remains hinged along a horizontal ine taken as the yanis (see figure). Take the vertically upward direction as the z-axis, A uniform magnetic field B=(2l+4h)By exis inthe region. The loop is held inthe sey plane anda eurent is passed through it The lop is 16. ". Topic-wise Solved Papers - PHYSICS ‘now released and is found to stay in the horizontal position inequilibrium, (2002-5 Marks) (@) Whatisthe direction of the eurrent in PO? (b) Find the magnetic force on the arm RS. (6) Find the expression for Fin terms of Bp, a, band m. ‘A metal bar AB can slide on ‘woparalll thick metallicrails separated by adistance ¢.A resistance Rand an inductance L are connected to the rails as shown in the figure. A long straight wire carrying a constant current is placed in the plane of the rails and perpendicular to them as shown, The bar AB is held at rest ata distance x from the long wire. At1=0, itis made to slide onthe rails away from the wire. Answer the following questions (2002-5 Marks) (Finda elton mong, and whee he 4 ‘current in the circuit and 6 s the lux of the magnetic field due to the long wire through the circuit. Itis observed that at time r= 7, the metal bar 4B isata distance of 2x, from the long wire and the resistance R ‘carries a current j,, Obtain an expression for the net ‘charge that has flown through resistance R from =0 tor The bar is suddenly stopped at time 7. The current trough resisance sound be atime27. Find © © thevalueot= ines ofthe gen une Asquae loose wih acapecior faeces C is located between two current carrying long parallel wires as shown, The value of /in the wires isgiven as /= fy snow. (2003 - 4 Marks) reo : (@) Calculate maximum current in the square loop. (b) Draw a graph between charges on the upper plate of the capacitor vstime, a GP_3481 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current ———______» a 18, Ina series L-R circuit (L=35 mH and R= 11 0),a variable emf source (= Y, sin ot) of Vig, = 220 Vand frequency 50 Hzis applied. Find the current amplitude in the circuit and phase of current with respect to voltage. Draw current-time ‘graph on given graph (x=22/7). (2004-4 Marks) 20. A long solenoid of radius a and numberof tums per unit length n is enclosed by cylindrical shell of radius R thickness d(d< 7). (2005-4 Marks) 2004 - 4 Marks) F Eo DIRECTIONS : Each question contains statements given in two columns, which have tobe matched. pqs 4 The statements in Column-1 are labelled 4, B, Cand D, while the statements in Column-Il are labelled pq. rand s. Any given statement in Columnel can have correct matching with ONE OR MORE ‘\\OOOO@ ‘statement(s) in Column-II. The appropriate bubbles corresponding to the answers to these questions 8 | OO@OO hhave to be darkened as illustrated in the following example c/0OOOO Ite correct matches are 4-p, sand; Brq and: C-pandq; and Des then he correct darkeningof P| OOOOO bubbles will look like the given, LY are given many resistances, capacitors and inductors. These are connected to a variable DC voltage source (the first two circuits) or an AC voltage souree of 0 Hz. frequency (the next three ciruits)in diferent ways as shown in Column I. When a current steady state fr DC or ms for AC) flows through the circuit, the corresponding voltage V,and V3, (indicated in ciruits) (2010) are related as shown in Columa I. Match the two Column! Column Ky Vy ames} — om yr (A) 10,Kis ©) iva proportional 101 h % om 20 @ 104% @ i © KrOn-v ©) 12 0,his proportional tof © ‘att 3H 6) 0 rH Beak esi) PASSAGE 1 In the given circuit the capacitor (C) may be charged through resistance R by a battery I’by closing switch S,. Also when S; is ‘opened and S, is closed the capacitor is connected in series with inductor (L). sk = S; L_‘ev00._*: z 1. Atthe start, the eapacitor was uncharged. When switch 5, is closed and S, is kept open, the time constant ofthis circuitis , Which ofthe following is correct (2006 — 5M, -2) a 2 (b) after time interval 2t, charge on the capacitor of CV e (©) the work done by the voltage source will be half of the heat disipated when the capacitors filly charged (@ after time interval 2+, charge on the capacitor is cvl- 2. When the capacitor gets charged completely, S, is opened and §; is closed, Then, (2006-531, -2) (a) al =0, energy stored in the cireuitis purely in the form ‘of magnetic energy (©) atany time #0, current inthe circuits in the same direction (©) at 4> 0, there is no exchange of energy between the induetor and eapacitor (@ at any time #> 0, instantaneous current in the circuit ie maybe v[& a L 3. Given thatthe total charge stored in the LC circuit is Qy, for 1 > O,thecharge on the capacitor is (2006 — 5M, -2) (0) 0=Ope0(+7hz} (0 0=Qyex{2-The) @o ___1 @o aera (@) Q= Tie a PASSAGE? (@) after time interval +, charge on the capacitor is © A thermal power plant produces electric power of 600 KW at 4000 ‘which isto be transported to. place 20 km away from the power plant for consumers’ usage. It can be transported either directly with a cable of large current carrying capacity or by using @ ‘combination of step-up and step-down transformers at the Wo ends, The drawback ofthe direct transmission is the large energy dissipation. In the method using transformers, the dissipation is ‘much smaller. In this method , step-up transformer is used at the opiic-svise Sotved Papers - PHYSICS plant side so that the current is reduced toa smaller value. At the ‘consumers’ end, a step-down transformer is used to supply power to the consumers at the specified lower voltage. It is reasonable to assume that the power cable is purely resistive and the ‘transformers are ideal with power factor unity. All the currents, and voltages mentioned are rms values, (JEE Adv. 2013) 4. Ifthedirect transmission method witha cable of resistance 0.4.0 kim is used, the power dissipation| (in %) during ‘transmission is (@) 20 (b) 30 © # @ 0 ‘5. Inthemethod using the transformers, assume that theratio ofthe number ofturns in the primary to that inthe secondary in the step-up transformer is 1 : 10. If the power to the ‘consumers has to be supplied at 200 V, the ratio ofthe number ‘of turns in the primary to that in the secondary in the step- down transformer is (@) 20021 (b) 150:1 (©) 100:1 PASSAGE3 ‘A point charge Q is moving in a circular orbit of radius R in the x-yplane with an angular velocity «. This ean be considered as @ 50:1 eile can steady cen 2. Anion ‘magnetic field along the positive z-axis is now switched on, which increases at a constant rate from 0 to B in one second, Assume that the radius of the orbit remains constant. The application of the magnetic field induces an emfin the orbit. The induced emfis defined as the work done by an induced electric field in moving a unit positive charge around a closed loop. Its known that, for an, ‘orbiting charge, the magnetic dipole moment is proportional to the angular momentum with a proportionality constant y. (JEE Adv. 2013) 6. ‘The magnitude of the induced electric field in the orbit at any instant of time during the time interval ofthe magnetic field change is BR BR oF OF © R @ BR 7. Thechangein the magnetic dipole moment associated with the orbit, atthe end ofthe time interval ofthe magnetic field change, is BQR* pane @) BOR) -1-S—O 7 (@ 7 BQR? 5 ES on Ceo 1. Statement-1: A vertical iron rod has coil of ‘wire wound over it at the bottom end. An alternating current flows in the coil. Therod ‘goes through a conducting ring as shown inthe figure, The ring can float at acertain height above the coil, ‘Statement-2 : In the above situation, a ‘current is induced in the ring which interacts with the horizontal component of the magnetic field to produce an average force in the upward direction. 2007) (@) Statement| is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 ‘isa correct explanation for Statement-1 (b).Statement-1 is True, Statement-2is True; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-1 (©) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2is False (@)_Statement-1 is False, Statement-2is True. GP_3481 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current —_____________» I L & toaek rans A series R-C combination is connected toan AC voltage of angular frequency @= 500 radian/s. Ifthe impedance of the RCeircuitis RVI25 , the time constant (in millisecond) of| thecireuitis 2011) A circular wire lop of radius is placed in the x-y plane centered atthe origin O. A square loop of side a(a= © Rev 12009] (ev) @ bev ayy GP_3481 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current —_________________» 29. 3 32, ‘A rectangular loop has a sliding connector PQ of length | 33. and resistance RQ and it is moving with a speed v as shown, The set-up is placed in a uniform magnetic field going into the plane of the paper. The three currents f), [5 and are 2010) M4 35. @ © © © In the circuit shown below, the key Kis closed at ¢= 0. The current through the battery is 2010) 36, } 1 % PRR ry @ att =Oand pat t= 0 © Jaeee R Vo aR) () Ry Me Oand RR MIA co i v RR (© py me =Oand Pao geal V(R +R) vy (RR ME =Oand Be ate= 2 Ina series LCR circuit R= 2000 and the voltage andthe 4g frequency of the main supply is 220V and 50 Hz-respectively. (On taking out the capacitance from the circuit the current lags behind the voltage by 30°. On taking out the inductor from the circuit the current leads the voltage by 30°. The power dissipated in the LCR circuit is [2010] (a) 305 W (b) 210W (©) Zero W @ 202W ‘A boat is moving due eat in a region where the earth's ‘magnetic fields 5.0» 10" NA“! mr! duenorth and horizontal. ‘he boat carries vertical aerial2 m long, Ifthe speed of the boat is 1.50 ms~', the magnitude of the induced emf in the ‘wire of arias: 12011) (@) 075mV. (0) 050mv (©) O15mV. @ Imv es ‘A fully charged capacitor C with initial charge qo is connected to coil ofself inductance Lat r= 0. The time at which the energy is stored equally between the electric and themagnetie fields: pont) @ Hic (6) anvZe © ve @ wie ‘A resistor ‘R’ and 2uF capacitor in series is connected ‘through a switch to 200 V direct supply. Across the capacitor isaneon bulb that lights up at 120V. Calculate the value of R to make the bulb light up 5 § after the switch has been closed. (logjq2.5=0.4) Poti @ Lio (0) 27% 1050 ©) 33*10'a (@ 13*10'0 ‘coil is suspended in @ uniform magnetic field, with the plane ofthe cil parallelto the magnetic line of foree. When ‘current is passed through the colli stars oscillating; Itis very difficult to stop. But if an aluminium plate is placed near tothe evil, it stops. This is due to por} {@) developement of air current when the plate is placed induction of electrical charge onthe plate (©) shielding of magnetic lines of force as aluminium isa paramagnetic material (© electromagnetic induction in thealuminium plate giving rise o electromagnetic damping ‘Ameiallicrod oflength ‘Cited ta string oflength 2¢and made to rotate with angular speed w on a horizontal table with one end ofthestrng fixed. Ifthereisa vertical magnetic field‘B" in therepion, the em. induced across the ends of the rod is WEE Main 2013] @ © © © ‘circuit loop of radius 03 em les parallel to amuch bigger circular loop ofradius 20cm. The centre ofthe small oop is ‘on the axis of the bigger loop. The distance between theit centres is 15 em. If'a current of 20 flows through the smaller loop, then the flux linked with bigger loop is IEE Main2013| (@) 91x10 weber (6) 610" weber (©) 33*10- weber (6.6% 10-9 weber In an LCR citeuit as shown below both switches ate open initially: Now swith, is closed, S» kept open. (qis charge on the capacitor and t= RC is Capacitive time constant) ‘Which of the following statement is corret? JEE Main 2013] v 8, rg (@)_ Work done by the battery is half of the energy dissipated in the resistor (@ Att=xq=CV2 (©) Att=2s,q=CV(1-e%) @ Att=24,q=CV-eF 39, Inthe circuit shown here, the point °C” iskept connected to point ‘Atl the current flowing through the circuit becomes constant. Afterward, suddenly, point ‘Cis disconnected from Point “A’and connected to point ‘B’ at ime t= 0. Ratio of the voltage across resistance and the inductor at t= LR willbe equal to: IEE Main 2014] Ac R or © 40. An inductor (L = 0.03 H) and a resistor (R = 0.15 kO) are ‘connected in series toa battery of 15V EMF ina circuit shown below. The key K, has been kept closed fora long time. Then att=0, K, isopened and key Kis closed simultaneously. At = Lms, the current in the circuit will be (<5 = 150) [EE Main 2015] 003K ois Ky SZ sv Ky (a) 67mA (b) 067mA (©) 100mA (@) 67mA opiic-svise Sotved Papers - PHYSICS 41. An LCR circuit is equivalent to @ damped pendulum. In an LCR circuit the capacitor is charged to Q, and then connected. tothe L and R as shown below RL c Ifa student plots graphs of the square of maximum charge (Cay) onthe capacitor wit time) fortwo diferent values L; and L (L,> Ip) of then which ofthe following represents this graph correctly ? (plots are schematic and not drawn to scale) [JEE Main 2015) ister eT and) (@ Sua 1 (© Se t 42, Two coaxial solenoids of different radius carry current I in the same direction. F,bethe magnticfrce on the inner solenoid due wo the outer one and Fj be the magnetic force onthe outer solenoid duetothe inne one. Then; [EE Main 2015] (@) Fj isradially inwards and F = (b) Fj is radially outwards and F =0 © R=B-0 (@)_F; is radially inwards and F; is radially outwards 43. An arc lamp requires a direct current of 10 A at 80 V to function, Ifitis connected toa 220 V (rms), 50 Hz AC supply, the series inductor needed for it to work is close to (@) 04H (b) 00654 (© 80H (@ 008H GP_3481 “pom 2 repens Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current Section-A : JEE Advanced/ IIT-JEE 0.3% 10-4 see, 10 2. Lefttoright T 2 F 3 T © 2@ 3% © 4 @ & 6% 1 @ @ % @ 10.) 1. @ 2 © B.@ 14 @ 16. () @bo 2 @ 3% @ed 4 & 5 @bed 6 0 7% @O @ % @ Wed 1 @® 2 @b Clockwise 2. ImV 3, Yes,oppositedirecton ofA 4. 0.02m/,clockwise direction 1 BP@ R+2Ae 2aaml™ [ 2dml(R+ 22) () 15 Gy anticlockwise 6) V = + 1,2) 04828 apainie 0 7 -(E2) eat 2 avn, [is (a) -SV,24.5 W (b) (0.6 amp. Gi) 1.386 107 see.,4.5*104T 8 2 {*) Im’, 0470, 030 10. (a) 2 @ tor: o. 11, 3.466 see 2 2R mR Gy & Ae ey Bare) OF we 13, “RO amtictockise (6) 72". upward ~aiets o net, oS, ma a 12eV, 3e~!t4, clockwise r : a di gy Malet gg 2) (8) Pt0O (0) 1659 (3k -4i) (@) T= 16.) Paiste Fi Sa 82 |-Fi ©), ah 2iog.2 igalyo?Cln(2) x 4 _ Hone’ Lalo coset ay Homan 18, 20,7 1%, Flm-m) 20, ae AtstBanstCpqDanst © © © 4 @ & 60 7 O @® 4 a7 3 8 Section-B : JEE Main/ AIEEE © 2~@ 3% @ 4 ©) & © 6 @ 16 @ % @ 0. @ 1. ® 2. B.@ 14. @) © 6% @ 1%@ B® 1%. @ 20.0) 2. . @) 23.0) 4. @) 26. © 26. @) 72.@ 28. © . 3.0) 2 © 3 @ 34.0) 38. @) @) 3.@ = 38 O ». 0. ©) 1.@ © © Ps218 Topic-wise Solved Papers - PHYSICS | cee JEE Advanced/ llT-JEE 3. ‘A. Fill in the Blanks Since currents are in opposite direction, the loop B is ‘The coli broken into two identical coils. ee LI2xLI2_L 1” []aebia~ 4 045 * 10H, R/2*R/2_RK Req = RideRi2 41% B x 1, x10 4 KEY CONCEPT: Using /=/)(1-¢*) Timeconstant = #2. = 94510" 93 x os ° y es ey 1S But Jo and r=4 Eas R Stedyeurent = B= 7g 10A Vqentt NOTE: As the source is switched off, the current ee (given) 97 «10-35 = Ims dy dt decreases to zero. The induced current opposes the cause as per Lenz's law. Therefore, the induced current will direet ‘rom left toright. B. True/ False “True. A copper wire consists of billions and billions of free = BQn)=na? 2 forrea clectrons Whe the wires at rest, the average velocity of a ‘each eletron is zero, But when the wires in motion, the 24p 4 electrons have a net velocity in the direction of mation = ef Bsee) NOTE : A charged particle moving in @ magnetic field 2rd — 6b) KEY CONCEPT: The magnetic field at the centre of experiences a force given by F = q(x). thecoil Here also each electron experiences a force and therefore, BU) = Hr ‘electrons will move towards one end creating an emf between the two ends of a straight copper wire. ‘As the current increases, B wll also increase with time till it reaches a maximum value (When the current NOTE : For induced emto develop in a coil, the magnetic becomes steady), ‘lux through it must change The induced emfin thering But in this ease the numberof magnetic ines of force through db dd thecoil isnot changing. Therefore the statement is false (BA)=-AZ (unl) NOTE : When conduction rod AB B ad a rmovesparallctox-axisinauniferm Fr [= ‘The induced current in thering ‘magnetic field pointing in the y= lela Had dy positive zedirection® then Ls (= els Mad according to Fleming’s left hand A rule,the lectrons willexperience = [+ (NOTE: 4 decreases with ime and hence Iya a force towards B, Hence, the end Awill become positive. decreases with time.] Where 1, = par (I~ e~*) The relevant graphs ate C. MCQs with ONE Correct Answer (©) The current induced will be pall 22 pa R i BO ap dg_1db 1 BA 41d =1fap= q-™4 a Ra * Jan Rit aR (@ Induced emf produced across MNQ will besame as the induced emf produced in straight wire MQ. = Bvt = By 2R with Q at higher potential (©) Whenthe current inthe oop A increases, the magnetic — ime ime lines of force in loop B also increases as loop 4 is 7. (@) NOTE: Electric ield will beinduced, as ABCD moves, placed near loop 8. This induces an emf in B in sich a inboth AD and BC. The metallic square loop moves in direction that current flows opposite in B (as compared its own plane with velocity. A uniform magnetic field 104). GP_3481 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current ——____________» is imposed perpendicular to the plane of the square loop. AD and BC are perpendicular to the velocity as ‘well as perpendicular to applied. q . . oe ‘Clearly the flux linkage is maximum in ease (a) due to the spatial arrangement of the two loops. tf | AV | AV ID 9. (@_ When switch Sis closed, a magnetic field is set-up in the space around P. The field lines threading Q Increases in the direction from right to left. According toLenz’s law, Ig, will flow so as to oppose the cause and flow in anticlockwise direction as seen by E. Reverse is the ease when is opened. Ig, will be clockwise KEY CONCEPT: 10. cuets ne ZE, canes eho NOTE : When we decrease the radius of the wire, its Tength increases but volume remains the same] -: Power remains the same. NOTE : Since current leads emf (as seen from the graph), therefore, this is an R—C circuit 1 @ [=O as there isno inductor] oak = RC 7 Co ps219 12, © KEY CONCEPT: Initially, 6y increases as magnet approaches the solenoid ‘© =~ ve and increasing in magnitude. When ‘magnet is moving inside the solenoid, increase in hy slow down and finally 6, starts decreasing cemtis positive and increasing, Only graph (c) shows these characteristic 13, KEY CONCEPT : For a current to induce in cylindrical conducting rod, (@)_ the conducting rod should cut magnetic lines of force which will happen only when the conducting rod is ‘moving. Since conducting rod is at rest, no current will be induced. (b)_ themagnitude’direstion ofthe magnetic field changes, Acchanging magnetic field will create an electri field which can apply force on the free electrons of the conducting rod and a current will get induced. Butsince the magnetic field is constant, no current will be induced jz 5 14) KEYOONCEFT: Time constant of R—C-cituit is += Rug Cog @ y=0+H2+4)=18hs @ 8A 2x1 fi y=(22! aen=4 15, The magnetic field is increasing in the downward direction. Therefore, acordngto Lenz's law the curent 1, willow nthe direction ab and inthe direction de 16 0) Ig ei ~ Jee (1) VP toe. ‘As inte, I increase. Therefore the bul lows teigher. D. MCQs with ONE or MORE THAN ONE Correct 1. (abe) au RC* 2 @ NOTE: Since the rate of change of magnetic flux is zero, hence there will be nonet induced emfand hence no current flowing in the loop. RiLand 1/ VEC have the dimensions of frequency. 3220 i, bye8mit i, _Ly-2mHt 3 @od HTT TIT i Rate of change ofcurent = 44 — (sa re St=m(say) 8x10 xm 8 Power P= V, 4 =8% 102% mx, Rate ofchange ofcurrent = 42 m given) Induced emf, 7 = =n $2 =2% 10-3 xm Power P= Vip =2% 10°3xm ip Since Power is équal 810-2 xi, =2 «10-3 mip 0 dxsx10 Hy WE Ngan [omg] We axe xie 4 ~ « 4. @) KEYCONCEPT: Themagnetc field dueto acurrent flowing in a wire offinite length is given by B= Hl ina +sinB) Applying the above formula for 4 for finding the field atO, weget e a B= Hol sinase sings) = aL Vent acting perpendicular to the plane of paper upwards The total magnetic field due to curent flowing rough ABCDis, 4 B 1 b= Bx? 2.0 [+ € > Land therefore, B can be assumed constant for ‘The flux through small square loop is directly ‘proportional to the current passing through big square loop. OS ropiic-wvise Sotved Papers - PHYSICS 6), = 6= MI, where M= Mutual Conductance Ritorhenry =ohm-second, Ox x xx x x8 x x x|x x x x x x! x x x x|x x x x x xalx x x ‘A motional emf, ¢= Bly is induced inthe rod, Or we can say ‘ potential difference is induced between the two ends of therod AB, with Aat higher potential and Bat lower potential Due to this potential difference, there is an electric field in therod. Tye (4) We know that Z= } ‘The capacitance in case B is four times the capacitance in case A «Impedance in case B is less then that ofcase A (Z,1=10 20x10 - (6s the correct option. ‘The maximum chargeon Cis = CV=20% 10-50 =103C ‘Therefore, the total charge flown < (isthe correct option. 1. (ad) ‘The lux passing through th triangular wire iff current flows through the infinitely long conducting wire x103C = to 4a yoas 10m at Induced emt in the wire= MH = #219 =H. a Wr Asthe current inthe triangular wire is decreasing the induced current in ABis in the same direction as the current in the hypotenuse of the triangular wire, Therefore force will be repulsive. BLy 12. (ab) i= ~(i) [Counter clockwise direction while entering, Zero when completely inside and clockwise while exiting) ~(ii) and exiting and zero when completely inside] [Toward left while entering, dv_BLy OS ropiic-wvise Sotved Papers - PHYSICS [V decreases from x=0 to x=L, remains constant forx=Ltox= 31 again decreases from x=3L. tox=4L] From (i) and (it) : Bn, Bs] R ‘mR [i decreases from x=0 tox=L i becomes zero from x: tox=3L, i changes direotion and decreases from x = 3L tox=4L] ‘These characteristics are shown in graph (a) and (b) only. E. Subjective Problems 1. The magnetic lines of force due to current flowing in wire AB is shown, NOTE :As the current increases, the number of magnetic lines of force passing through the loop increases in the ‘outward direction. To oppose this change, the current will flow in the clockwise direction. A—>—_>—_3 2. KEYCONCEPT:: This sbased on motional emt 480 kmih=s nis <—1m—> = VBE =50%0.2« 10x 1 =10 volt =I milli volt “RAN i-th a la Ve Feel Poel NOTE : When the coil 4 moves towards B, the number of ‘magnetic lines of force passing through B changes. ‘Therefore, an induced emf and hence induced current is produced in B. The direction of current in B will be such as to oppose the field change in B and therefore, will be in the opposite direction of 4. GP_3481 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current. —______________» 4 NOTE : The network behaves like a balanced wheatstone bridge. ‘The free electrons in the portion MN of the rod have a velocity in the right direction. Applying Fleming’sTeft hand rule, we find that the force on electron will be towards N. Hence, M will be + ve and N will be negative. Current will flow in clackwise direction ‘The induced emf developed is given by vBE =vx2*0.1=0.2¥ @ Now,e=/R 10-34= 4103 amp i) From (i)and (i), 02v=4x103 3 4x10" =0.02m/s 02 (Induced emt i) The oop is entering inthe magnetic field and hence magnetic lines of force passing through the loop is increasing inthe downward direction. Therefore curtent will flow in the loop in such a direction which will oppose the change. The current wll flow in the anti- clockwise direction (i) Graph between induced emf and period of rotation: For first half rotation, (1= 1/2), when the loop enters the field, thecurrent isin anticlockwise direction 0 @ 9223 Magnitude of cuerent remains constant at 1 =Bor® /2R ort 7 Ta] F pral a7] For next half station, when de loop eomes out ofthe field, current of the same magnitude is setup clockwise. Anticlockwise current is supposed to be positive, The ‘Et graph is shown in the figure for two periods of rotation ‘A variable force F is applied tothe rod MN such that as the rod moves in the uniform magnetic field aconstant current flows through R. Consider the loop MPON. Let MNbe ata distance x ftom PQ. Length of rails in loop = 2x x xMx x x P aoe «ie p LF la 3 x|fer= « a Resistance of rails in loop = 22. ‘Total resistance of loop = R-+ 2x Induced emf= By Bud Induced current () = 2 So for constant 1, Ai) Furthermore, a due to induced current [the wire will experienceaforce = Bld opposite to its motion, the equation of motion ofthe wire wil be F-Fy=ma. ie, Pa Fy+ma But as here Fy = Bld and from equation (i) dy 2M de Daly 20? a Bd dt Bd (Bay 2 So, Fa Bla (R28) (R+ 22x) As the work done by force F per sec. peers anf om Ra Dawe ‘] 2a? ie, P. [" (Re Da) | sad ea pode pred i, jal bt H=P(R+23) A 2amI(R + 2x) so, fat af, BamlcRe Ia) ae ps224 7 wo Using Kirchhof?'s law in ABCDGA +3-fyx2-12+/x2=0 21,-2=9 o Applying Kirehhoft’s law in DEFGD = 2h +12=(1,+1)2=0 = ths i) From (i) and (i) From (i) /,=—1 amp, To find potential difference between 4 and B Vyt3-Cl)x2=V_ > Vy-Vp ‘The rate of production of heat in R} F (2) eam : ©) ( When theswitch is put in postion 2then the active circuit will beas shown in the figure PR, When the steady state current is reached then the inductor plays no role in the circuit Ey=1(Ry+Ry) 3 = 1=3-06amp. 5 (ii) KEY CONCEPT : The growth of current in L-R cireuit is given by the expression OS ropiic-wvise Sotved Papers - PHYSICS In this case Sand I are connected. ; o | ot meter Taking log on both sides i loge ¢ #'= log. Bee H= lope 5 3 = By 0,693 21-0693 = 9:6930%10«10* L R (243) when R=R,+Ry => 1=1,386% 103 see. Thus hismuch ime isrequired for current to reach half of ts steady value. ‘The energy stored by the inductor at that time is given ; sronos(°9) casei 8 ‘Theequivalent circuit is drawn in the adjacent figure. Lp by B= 4 ¥ 2 £050 5 md ia Fosa NOTE : As the magnetic field increases in the downward direction, an induced emf will be produced inthe AEFD as ‘well sin the circuit EBCF such thatthe current flowing in the loop creates magnetic lines of force in the upward direction (tothe plane of paper ‘Thus, the current should flow in the anticlockwise direction in both the loops Induced emfin loop AEFD do_ id a ar Induced emfin loop EBCF e ‘F=-051 a de Let the current flowing in the branch EADF be and the current flowing in the branch FCBE bei. Applying junction law at F, we get current in branch FE to be (j~i3) Applying Kirchhoft’s law in loop EADFE HL xh) =18 4 + 1-14, = 1h) > 4-41 @ Applying Kirchhoff's law in loop EBCFE +05i,~0.5+ lig +05 ip~M(iyi3)=0 4, 73i=05 (i Solving (i) and (i) 1iy=35 =0.5 volt GP_3481 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current 1 > Azasm=y4 Also 11i,= 6 > _-MlA=3 ‘Current in segment AE = ‘Current in segment BE = iy =A (Current in segment EF = (in) = 35. 1 2 9. KEY CONCEPT : We can understand the direction of flow 4 ofinduced curents by imagining a fictitious battery to be attached between £ and F. The direction of induced current can be found with thehelp of Lenz’ aw. NOTE : Pad. across parallel ‘combinations remains the same Also, P, 76W and Py 2W 16, 16 hota! 12? @ ‘Thehorizonal metalic bar Z moves with terminal velocity. ‘This means that the net force on the bar is zero. Bli +i )=mg mg _0.2%9.8 49 = eg M2228. Bae, From (ii) and (ii) 1, sg a® 127°? "15 ee artes =2amp. 1s) “19/15 ‘The induced emf across L due to the movement of bar Lin a mpl ¢ 06 en Bog ye Eom Bvt T BL 06x . Also from (i), n= £= 9S _oarand R= £= 98-030 ae i, 91S 10. @ (@)Letus consider a small length of metal rod dx at a distance x from the origin. Small amount of emt (de) induced in this small length (due to metallicrod cutting magnetic lines of force) is de=B(dx)v @ ‘where vis the velocity of small length dx vex ) ‘The total emf acoss the whole metallic rod OA is ps.225 [fro aol aa (b) The above diagram can be reconstructed as the adjacent figure. ¢ is a constant. O will accumulate positive charge and 4 negative. When the switch Sis closed, transient current at any time, when current Fis flowingiin the cireuit, I=Iy(-e!*) L and t= ‘Therefore, © in seady sae, Bor® ‘®), = D0) NOTE : When cunt ows in th icin steady stat, thee apowe Ins ough thetesstor ‘As sesh ros oating ina vert plan, work needs tobe done ep iat constant gue! ee. Powe os decent willbe F ; rartne( 22) e A {rs chasalarge valueand , Iftorque required for this power ay is 1 then P=y0 Bre aR “Torque required to move the od in cireular motion against sravitational field y= mgxZcos0 2 = mg x ‘The total torque T=q)+t (Clockwise) Ps.226 nL. R Brito aR" 2 ‘The required torque will be of same magnitude and in anticlockwise direction. The second term will change signs as the value of eos @ can be positive as well as negative. KEY CONCEPT : Let /, be the current at steady state. The ‘magnetic energy stored in the inductor at this state will be [rene ——v I=10H a lov @ This is the maximum energy stored in the inductor. The current in the circuit for one fourth of this energy can be found as Leela prea gut i) Dividing equation (i) and (i) ‘The equation for growth of current in L-Rciruit is T=Ig{1-e- Ry = 25=5[l-e™y > 2.303 x 03010=3.466 sec fFvis the velocity ofthe rod at any time 1, induced emf BvL and so induced current in the rod Inducede ms. _ Bul. RR Due to this current, the rod in the field B will experience a force 1 F = Bit = =F (opposite tits motion) ..1) ‘So, equation of motion ofthe rod will be, T-F=0xa,ie.,T=F —[asrod is massless] Py mg-T=ma a= g- mak 2) ‘Sorod will acquire terminal velocity when its acceleration is zeroie., meh BR vy BE mR evr Topic-wise Solved Papers - PHYSICS Forth ete when vay 1B. Netemf, As total resistance = R lel Boante) lis ee y NOTE : Nowasloop goes down, magnetic flux linked with itimereases, hence induced current flows in sucha direction 0 as to reduce the magnetic flux linked with it. Hence, induced current flows in anticlockwise direction (©). Each side ofthe cube will experience a force as shown (ince a current carrying segment in a magnetic field experiences force) (ei 22) = Borie; ) (rei O+®, iBov+ai GP_3481 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current. —______________» 14, NOTE: F2 = ~Fa and hence will cancel out each other. Net force, F (© Total net force = mg j+F [ _ Bev) a R ae: Inert wees. Gay a mR a te hele aeul Rat mR or tog] ——™& — Rav _ mgR we ett -82 liber nt (0: . 7 fw | 15. vo Bat This isa question on growth and rise of current. GROWTH OF CURRENT: Letatany insantoftimetthe ccurrent be as shown in the figure. Applying Kirchoff’s law in the lop ABCDFGA ‘we get, starting from G moving clockwise ps227 Also we know that the emf(V) produced across the inductor &y, E eb Herethenegative sign shows the opposition tothe growth of curent 2 = Ie a00.10" = 12S volt DECAY OF CURRENT: When the switch is opened, the branch AG is out ofthe circuit. Therefore, the curent decays through the circuit CBFDC (in clockwise direction. Applying Kirchhoft's law . 11a,+%- (L) <0 ‘ at a (8 a) 7 7 z On integrating, m 1 dl (Ry+R) ee oT L _hskay I=he = R+Ry 242 L 400 10° E R+tk 4 32°19" 4, clockwise. Alternatively, you may directly find the time constant Et fae Here, and Jy= A and use the equation j = get! where ig= 64 Rak a a 2 Let us consider the current in the clockwise direction in loop PORS. Force on wire OR, Fon = 1GxB) = 1(ciyx(3i+ 48) 5) 2 1 By [Bait deck) = 184 0+4a\— 3 = AaB) Forceon wire PS Ps.228 16. @ Fps = (ex B)= 1a(-i)x(3i+ Ab) Bg} = AaByt ‘Thus we see that force on OR is equal and opposite to that on PS and balance each other The force on RSis (xB) = 116(-}) Gi +48) 8) = 6B, (3k — ai) @ ‘The torque about PQ by this force is = 1abBy (33) 3) ‘The torque about PO due to weight ofthe wire PORS is on() For the wire oop tobe horizontal, we have toequate (ii) and D (ii) 3/abBy= ms 6B Therefor, (@) The direction of current assumed is right. This is because torque due to mg and current are in opposite directions. Therefore, current is from P to Q. [bBy(3k ~4i) > iw () From(i, Fes me. © Fromiv, I= Zi KEY CONCEPT : As themetal bar 4B movestowards the right, the magnetic ux in the loop ABCD inereases in the downward direction. By Lenz's law, to oppose this, current will flow in anticlockwise direction as shown in figure, Applying Kirchhoft’s loop law in ABCD, we get a. di ain Le @ ". © © @ fropiic-wvise Sotved Papers - PHYSICS Let AB beat a distance x from the long straight wire at any instant of time ¢ during its motion. The magnetic field at that instant at AB due to long straight current carrying wie is Holo nx Thechange in flux through ABCD in time dtis, d= B(dA)= Bed x ‘Therefore, the total flux change when metal bar moves from a distance x9 t0 2x9 is = f° pede = of? 80! y= MOLE tg 2 p= §2 ata =f? Hale dc = POL tg, a Holot fot og, 2 i) ‘The charge flowing through resistance R in time Tis 1 a t= fp [ Bas Lt homes. (0) ged L ~~pai = 1 (ae-4i rr a fe 2] Ly ze fom eq. (i) When the metal bar 4B is stopped, the rate of change of magnetic flux through ABCD becomes zero. Fram), di a pared Let us considera small strip of thickness dx as shown inthe figure. ‘Themagnetic field at this strip +B, iy By (Perpendicular to the plane of paper directed upwards) a Hol, Ho 7 2nx 2x Ba-x) B, = Magnetic field due to current in wire A fc] By =Magnetic field due to current in wire B GP_3481 Fos V2 dr RL * 2 raph is given by Small amount of magnetic ux passing through the strip of thickness ds is y= 8 aen tole*ade 2uxa-¥) ‘otal flux through the square loop of" tolx3a? dr __ olay, an Gaz) ee) 19. NOTE : After a long time capacitor wil be fully charged, _ Hoa in) hence no current will flow through capacitor and all the (psin a) ‘current will flow from inductor. Since current is D.C., “Theemf produced resistance of Lis ze. 6] _ Hoaloo BR 48) _ otto i 2)cosor tnt ange anit Charge stored in the capacitor £ s ft ‘6 sooboen q=Cxe=Cx Momo oo In(2) cose (i) H Curent beloop nalle J 2 * ° MC Wott 15 2) in ar ™ 6 _ Hoalyo?CIn@) 26 26 (b)_ From (i), the graph between charge and time is Ry GRIA) +R +R Potential drop across 4 is 2s GR +Hn" 3 n=nt3RM oe R= Ain) 20. KEY CONCEPT: The magnetic din thesokenoids given by lg ni mR Cxsoalyeoln 2) Here, y= 18 Given, igg=220V v=50Hz,L=35 mH, R= 110 Impedance 2= ol? +R’ =11V20 > B=tgnigsin ox 1 ig=sin ot (given)] Yo also, f= 7 ‘Themagnetic ux linked with the solenoid Ps.230 $= B.A =B A 0s 90° = (tp mip sin wr) (na?) +: The rateof change of magnetic fux through the solenoid 1 aynati A — nugnai ocoser The same rate ofchange of fxs linked withthe eyindrcal shell. By the principle of electromagnetic induction, the induced em produced inthe cylindrical shell is & = TOP VIEW a 2, Be a yynaigwcoser (i) ae mHona @ ‘The resistance offered by the cylindrical shell tothe flow of induced current /will be e aaol aot Hore, (2208 and A=L=d dak Re (i) The induced current f will be Jel _ [xupnatig eos or] Ld R px2aR Hona?Ld ip cost 2pR F. Match the Following, Aan Beqists C-psas Dns ‘The following are the important concepts which are applied in the given situation (For DC circuit, in steady stat, the current / through thecapacitor iszero, Incase of L-C circuit, the potential difference aeross the inductor is zero and that across thecapacitoris equa othe applied potential difference. Incase of L-R circuit, the potential diference across inductor is zero across resistor is equal tothe applied voltage. For AC circuit in steady state, Ijm, current flows through the capacitor, induetor and resistor. The potential difference across resistor, inductor and capacitor is proportional to. (i) For DC circuit, for changing current, the potential difference across inductor, capacitor or resistor is proportional tothe current 4 fropiic-wvise Sotved Papers - PHYSICS G. Comprehension Based Questions () For charging of R—C cireuit, O= Qo [1 —e~"*] when the charging is complete, the potential difference between the capacitor plates will be V. The charge stored in this case will be maximum, ‘Therefore, Qy= CY. when =25,0¢r =CV[l-e7) PswoOoN Ss ci (@ Theinstantancous chargeon plates at anytime fduring discharging is O= 0p cos or Instantaneous current, 2. qosinor L_sensee i The magnitude of maximum current Fax = Qo Here Q)= CV and w- (©) Apply Kirchhofs law in the circuit Q tig 5 2-H gifio5 Cc “dt Cc dt 1c 4(-#2) ao = Ola a de Nv 2 WY, For sep up transformer N= Mi. =» 10. 9 Fersepuptantimer Sheth = T= ihe 10000 For step down transformer No. GP_3481 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current. ——_______» ps231 __ 40,000 _ 200 Integer Value Correct Type "200 1. (4) Timeconstant=RC (a) isthe correct option. — Sb) Weknow that P=VxI : [ee s( ) Impedance = +5 P_ 6001000 Vv 4000 Given impedance rYT25 zs IS1S0A Total resistance =0.4% 20-8. [a (4) Power dissipated as heat = PR = (150? = 8 * RATS = | (4) 180,000W= 180kW 180, 2 100 = 2.1000 ms oss 100= 30% = 5g "1000 -RC=4ms. (1) Themagnetic field due to current carrying wire atthe location of square loop is (b)is the correct option. 6 @ J Edi=—-—4 com p= Mo 2niR?___ Hot © dn (R43RY/?- 6R ‘Themutual induction No 2[ tots cosss| 7 iLt6R 1 2 moe Mer 22R toott 30 © THD 2m 40 18 —_ ww —_ ‘The negative sign shows that change is opposite to the direction of B. ve (b)is the correct option. H, Assertion & Reason Type Questions ‘ 1. (@ As shown inthe figure the horizontal component of 3V the magnetic field imteracts with the induced current s produced in the conducting ring which produces an AUL=0 Inin™ 3 average force in the upward direction. (Fleming's left a handle) Att=o I, Fel me A Bu Conducting ring ps.232 Topic-wise Solved Papers - PHYSICS [I Section-8 STITT Lo 2 @ 4 8 0 «6 @ 2 © The impedance triangle for resistance (R) and inductor (L) connected in series is shown in the figure. —k__ Power factor cos: VR+eE en =db dBA) _-d(BAcos*) nn a L. en -9 9 MOD pet. pe dt dt di ‘These three inductors are connected in parallel, The equivalent inductance L, is given by =p 24624 Mutual conductance depends on the relative position ‘and orientation ofthe two coils, Ae ALD ar ar Ar ar al 4 lel tal = Bens 8005 = 01H When the capacitor is completely charged, the total ‘energy in the L.C circuit is with the capacitor and that energy is 1@* E & @ 9 (a) 0. @ 1 2 © B. @ 4. ® ‘When half energy is with the capacitor in the form of electric field between the plates ofthe capacitor we get £1 Q° =1 2 sinere Qs the charge on one plate of 226 Q ree Plate the capacitor Lag o=2 22 2c 2 Laminated core provide les aren of erosssetion fr the curtent to ow Becase of his, resistance of he ore increases and current decreases thereby decreasing the ey crest oes Dc ammtr ese everage cent AC Uren, average eument is 200 for complete ele Hence reading wll bezra, Sine the phase difeence between L& Cis et vlog diferenevarass£C= 50 50.20 4_ Wm) wn gp = (RABID nd Rood SRO. xm, — Wi) SRr (2:1; & W, aremagnetic Hux) $= BA; b= BAcosat 1 oBpAsinor; § a BA OFA Sneot R Pg =P R= (MEY sin? or Jian oy aan oR ae _ (Bar? Pog = SR For resonant frequency to remain same LC should be const. LC = const = LC: L px2¢ a L's 2C a (= Im,o=Srad’s, B=02x104T Bol? 02x10 Sx 2 2 GP_3481 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current. —_______________» 1S. 16. W. 18, 19. 20, a, 2, @ OO} @ © ©. @ ®) Relative velocity=+y=2v emf =B1(20) Formaximum power, X, = Xc, which yields C= —— (rmPL 4x? x50%50%10 C= 01x10 F= 1B Phase difference for R-L-crcut ies between (0 3) R_12_4 zis 5 KEY CONCEPT : The charging of inductance given, (RY (4) Power factor = cos Manliness # wg"? Heny]= Meo Ory Across resistor, At resonance, L oC Voltage across Lis 1X, = 0.12500 = 250V Xy=Xe 100210 dy __d(NBA) a dt =-w4 (BAcosor) = NBdwsinor a = egg = NBAO $= 10? —s0r+250 a de ~(201-50) 10¥ 2. 25. 26. 21. 28. Ps.233 (@) Initially, when steady state is achieved, R Let is short circuited at = 0. Then Let during decay of current at any time the current di flowingis 1.4, gis -L5 (©) KEY CONCEPT: We know that power consumed in ac. circuit isgiven by, P= Ezms-Lpms C08 Here, = B, sino if-f) (When current isin growth in LR circuit) KEYCONCEPT: @ ya HoNiNad _ 4x10"? «300%400%100.10 ¢ 02 =24nx104H (©. Growth incurrent in LR, branch when switch closed is given by a Eg etal HE Re eave. 2 ai Ry Hence, potential drop across 2 oF) b= Beh = 136 ono = ety E fropiic-wvise Sotved Papers - PHYSICS Dueto the movement of resistor R,an emf equal to Bly ‘ill be induced in tas shown in figure clearly, I=h+h Also, , = Solving te circuit, r weset 2 ! iv h=h=Be Wma aR PO ag Boy im and 7221, 28% ' 3K 1 rae ‘At=0 ,no current will flow through Z and R, 35. ve 36. . Curent th x Current through bater= Ati=o, ct - Aik effective resistance, Rog = a through bat VR +R) utent through tery= Fag =~ an ‘When capacitances taken ou the circuits LR 1200 = ob = Riang= 200% 2 BG 38. Again , when inductor is taken out, the circuit is CR. tan: ». \ 1 _ 200 x rtang = 200% 200 aoc" Rune 200 EB 1 ¥ yw, Z=,|R? + —-ob | Now 2 =f? +(Zo-0t] > (200,200 = e200? (200200) e095) -ae Power dissipated = Vi lpm €054 4. ins _ (220)?x200 _ 220220 = 00? 200 By I= 1.5*5 x 105x215 «10 115 mV 242 Energy stored in magnetic field: Energy stored in electric field © © © tizel 2 at Also q= qq cos ov and © ‘On solving ¢= wie Wehave, V=V,(1-e%*0), 20{1-e"'*°) eCin(25) 110° Because ofthe Lenz's law of conservation of energy. Here, induced em. 207) _ S8Ce 2 130 = | nec no! Aswe know, Magnetic flux, @= 4g (2(20 x10)? (0.27 +(0.15)"] (On solving =9.216 «107 2 10"! weber Charge on he capacitor at anytime tis given by g=CV(I-e"") xR(03x10)? (1-7) Applying Kirchhof?s law of voltage in closed loop Ig Von > Ve Ve 15x10 | 0.15x10" 1@@)=0 100) 1 =1)-1@)] cK 4 (~) 1=01 UR

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