Disaster Management

Unit II
Man Made Disaster and their management along with case study
methods
Man made Disasters
• Human-made disaster involves an element of human intent,
negligence, or error; or involving a failure of a man-made system.
• It is also called as man-made disaster.
• Manmade disasters can be both intentional and unintentional.
• It results in huge loss of life and property.
• It further affects a person's mental, physical and social well-being.
Reasons For Man-Made Disasters
• There are multiple factor that may relate to manmade disasters
• Ignorance
• Unawareness
• Illiteracy
• Carelessly handling danger
• Chemical Weapons
Man made disasters
• Fire hazards
• Transport hazard
• Solid waste
• Bio terrorism
• Rail and air craft’s accidents
• Emerging infectious diseases
Fire Hazards
Types of Fire

• Forest fire or Bushfire

• Chemical Fires
• Electrical Fires
Types of Fire
• Forest fire or Bushfire
• lightning
• Rays from the sun shine
• Throwing of cigarette butts
• Camped people failed to put out the fire
• Chemical Fires
• Manufacturing plants or factories
• Road accidents (Heavy transport vehicles collide)
• Electrical Fires
• Fault wiring in homes
• Restaurants
• Theatres
• Shops
• Offices
• Factories
• Schools
• Hospitals
• Shopping malls
Managing Fire
• Water bombing by helicopters
• Every truck equipped with fire extinguisher
• People need to be educated to aware about fires in homes
and extinguishing methods
• Best equipped fire engine
• Fireman response with in minutes
• Firefighting training to the persons in every organization
• All places must fit with emergency firefighting cylinders
• Fitting smoke alarms in every building
• Automatic Water sprinkler during fire
• Fire drills should be conducted frequently
Water bombing
Aerial firefighting
Fire extinguisher in truck
Fire extinguishing training
Best equipped fire engine
Fireman response with in minutes
Firefighting training to the persons in every
organization
Emergency firefighting cylinders
Fitting smoke alarms in every building
Water sprinkler during fire
Fire Drills
VIDEOS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UIDHXjFr8hY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HHWEU6lsgQE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oMy_MZoGE7I

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R9tQXY2GNxI
TRANSPORT HAZARD DYNAMICS

AIR POLLUTION
TRANSPORT HAZARD DYNAMICS
• Transport plays significant role in overall development in
Nations economy.
• But this is a major problem for growing air pollution in cities.
• Transport sector contributes major green gas emissions
(burning petroleum fuels).
• According to WHO’s study out of 10 school children, 1
student is suffering from Asthma.
• This is due to the emission of following from transport
vehicles.
• CO2, NOX , CO, Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), O3, Pb
• As per WHO, in India, SPM is the most sinister in terms of its
effect on health.
TRANSPORT HAZARD DYNAMICS-
A CASE STUDY IN DELHI
 TRANSPORT HAZARD DYNAMICS –
A CASE STUDY IN DELHI

• Delhi is one of the oldest living city in the world

• Highest per capita income in the country
• Highest motorised vehicle ownership (at least one in each
family)
• Among the most polluted capitals in the world
• Vehicular growth four times higher than population growth
 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

• To asses the impacts of transport development on air

pollution
 Database and Methodology

• Primary data sources (Questionnaire)

• Secondary data sources (Pollution board, WHO report,
Income of houses, Environmental boards)
• These data analysed using different softwares.
 LAND USE CHANGES

• Population growth
• Delhi metro
• Urban area growth
• Transport systems
• Changing of agricultural land in to living quarters (Rapid
urbanization)
• Better employment opportunities
• Increasing vehicular growth
 ANALYSIS OF TRANSPORT

• Vehicular growth rate is 7% per annum

• But population growth is 4.5% per annum
• Road growth is 2% per annum
• Out of registered vehicles 64% two wheelers, 36% cars, taxis,
autorickshows
• By 2001 , Delhi dad 34.6 Lakhs motor vehicles (251 vehicles
per 1000 persons)
• Most of them are two wheelers
 Driving forces of Vehicular Increase
Increasing
Pollution Load

Vehicular
Growth

Government Increasing Inadequate

policies (Bank Population Public Transport
loans) Pressure System
 Factors causing vehicular pollution

• Many vehicles are in poor condition

• Two-stroke engines
• Lower quality fuel used
• Lack of public transport system
• Bad road conditions
 Reducing vehicular pollution-
Solutions

• Improvement of public transport system

• Optimizing the traffic and improving traffic management
• Removal of encroachment in roads
• Inspecting and certification system for on road vehicles
• Fuel quality improvement
• Tightening fuel emission norms
• Checking evaporative emissions in fuel tanks and fuel
distribution systems