EXAMPLE OF GIAHS

1 Mountain rice terrace agro ecosystems

1 Terrace farming is a practice of cutting flat area out of a hilly or mountainous landscape in order to
grow crops

2 Ifugao rice terrace in the Philippines and many more

3 These system includes diverge agricultural feature on integrated rice-base system example rice
fish culture, rice-fish duck, rice fish taro etc.
4 Integrated forest land and water use system especially found east Asia and the Himalayas

2 multiples cropping-/ polyculture farming system

1. Multiple cropping: the growing of two or more crops together or one after another on
the same land in the same cropping season.
Ex. Multiple crops
1. tomato+onion+marigold

2. Polyculture: It is the planting of two or more cropping in the same land in the some field at
the same time.
Ex: polyculture- a well-known example of historic polyculture is the inter cropping of maize
beans and squash plants in a group, often referred to as a the three sister.

3. Understory farming system

1. Understory is the underlying layer of vegetable in a forest or wooden area especially the
trees and shrubs growing in forest.
2. Crop planted under forest orchard or other trees are called under story crops.
Such as wines, shrubs, herbaceous plants, shorter trees.

3.under story farming system common in tropics.

Ex. Taro based or root cropping system.

4.Nomedic and semi-nomadic pastoral systems.

1.based on adaptive use of resources such as pastures water salt etc.
2.praticed in harsh environment with high genetic diversity in animals culture land escape.
3.(i)Example: high land Tibetan plateaus, Indo-China region.
(ii) range land Mongolia and Yemen.
(iii) yak based pastoral management in Ladakh
(iv) Nenets in the temperate forest areas of Scandinavia and Siberia
5 ANCIENT IRRIGATION SOIL AND WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
These are the ingenious and finely tuned irrigation soil and water management system most
Common in dry lands.
(i) Qanat ancient underground water distribution systems allow specialized and diverse
cropping system in Iran , Afghanistan and other central Asian countries
(ii) The Oases of the Maghreb in the deserts of north Africa and the Sahara
(iii) Traditionally valley bottom and wet land management such as water management system in
lake Chad , the Niger river basin interior delta
Ex – floating and flooded rice systems
(iv) Other ingenious irrigation systems in Bamileke region Cameroon of Dogon tribes in Mali and
Jola tribes Senegal as well as the village tank system in Sri Lanka and India