Summary and objective :

- In this Lab we got to Learn to Become familiar with the principles of single-phase ac rectifier.
- Demonstrate the operation of a thyristor single-phase bridge in both rectifier and inverter
modes

- Demonstrate the operation of bridges formed with two thyristors and two diodes.

List of equipment:
1) Thyristor firing unit
2) Power thyristor
3) Power supply
4) Current/voltage isolator
5) DC voltmeter/ammeter
6) Resistive load
7) Inductive
8) Oscilloscope
9) Wire
 Part1 :
# Circuit Diagram 1 (Half-wave phase control with Resistive load only)

# measurement
Vs=100V ≪¿

Adjust firing angle to 30 ° , 60° , 90°

LOAD firing OUTPUT OUTPUT OUPUT CONDUCTION
angle VOLTAGE E, CURRENT I, POWER Po ANGLE
dc dc w
degrees
α V mA
Resistive (R) 30 40 200 8 153.32
60 35 180 6.3 120.9
90 20 120 2.4 84.2
Table 1. Measurements for Half-wave phase control with Resistive load only.
# Discussion

- In the this table we did Half-wave phase control with Resistive load only
First We adjust firing angle from thyristor firing unit

After that we got the result for voltage / current from DC voltmeter/ Current ammeter

Then measured the output power from this equation :

(E1 x l1)

40 x 200 mA = 8 W

35x 180 m A = 6.3 W

20x 120 m A = 2.4 W

- Also we got the conduction angle from this equation :

360 tc
 here tc take from oscilloscope (delta).
16.67 ms
In this part when firing angle is 30 ° the tc for Resistive (R) was 7.1 ms so :

360× 7.1ms
Conduction angle when firing angle is 30 ° : =153.32°
16.67 ms

And when firing angle is 60 ° the tc for Resistive (R) was 5.6 ms so :

360× 5.6 ms
Conduction angle when firing angle is 60 ° : =120.9 °
16.67 ms
then when firing angle is 90 ° the tc for Resistive (R) was 3.9 ms so :

360× 3.9 ms
Conduction angle when firing angle is 90 ° : =84.2°
16.67 ms

- What is the effect of Effect firing angel increased on V,I and P?

When the firing angel increased the voltage , current and power will decreased
# waveform by oscilloscope
Resistive (R) [ 30 ° ]

Here as we can see the

wave form on
oscilloscope for Half-
wave phase control with
Resistive load only
with firing angle is 30 °
in channel one is across
load and in channel two
across thyristor
Resistive (R) [ 60 ° ]

Here as we can see the wave form on oscilloscope for Half-wave phase control with
Resistive load only with firing angle is 60 ° in channel one is across load and in channel
two across thyristor

Resistive (R) [ 90 ° ]
Here as we can see the wave form on oscilloscope for Half-wave phase control with
Resistive load only with firing angle is 90 ° in channel one is across load and in channel
two across thyristor

# waveform by draw
# simulation (MATLAB)

Circuit for R load to firing angle [ 30 ° , 60 ° , 90 ° ]

Wave form firing angle [ 30 ° ]

Here as we can see the circuit diagram wave form on Matlab for Half-wave phase control
with Resistive load only with firing angle is 30 °

Wave form firing angle [ 60 ° ]

 Here
as we can
see the
circuit diagram wave form on Matlab for Half-wave phase control with Resistive load only
with firing angle is 60 °

Wave form firing angle [90 ° ]

 Here as
we can see the circuit diagram wave form on Matlab for Half-wave phase control with
Resistive load only with firing angle is 90 °
Part2 :
# Circuit Diagram 2 (Controlled bridge supplying a passive Load with resistive
load Z)

# measurement
Vs=100VLL

Adjust firing angle to 25 °

LOAD firing angle OUTPUT OUTPUT OUPUT CONDUCTION

VOLTAGE CURRENT I, POWER Po ANGLE
E, dc dc w
degrees
α V mA
(a) Resistive 25 85 490 41.65 149
(R)
b) Inductive 25 85 550 44 179.2
(RL)
Table 2. Measurements for Controlled bridge supplying a passive Load with resistive load Z.

# Discussion

- In the this table we did Controlled bridge supplying a passive Load with resistive load Z
First We adjust firing angle from thyristor firing unit
Then We got the result for voltage / current from DC voltmeter/ Current ammeter

And measured the output power from this equation :

(E1 x l1)

85 x 490mA = 41.65 W

80 x550 mA= 44 w

- Also we got the conduction angle from this equation :

360 tc
 here tc take fomr oscilloscope (delta).
16.67 ms
In this part the tc for Resistive (R) was 6.9 ms

360× 6.9 ms
=149 °
16.67 ms
In this part the tc for inductive (RL) was 8.3 ms

360× 8.3 ms
=179.2°
16.67 ms

- What is the effect of the inductive load on the operation of the circuit?
The current and power also voltage will reduce

- What is the difference between this rectifier circuit and the full-wave rectifier circuit
seen in Exercise 1 ?
higher output voltage and higher ripple frequency also The DC component for the half wave
rectifier is less then the DC component in the full wave rectifier
# waveform by oscilloscope
Resistive (R)

Here as we can see the wave form on oscilloscope for Controlled bridge supplying a passive
Load with Resistive load with firing angle is 25 ° in channel one is across load and in
channel two current

Inductive (RL)

Here as we can see the wave form on oscilloscope for Controlled bridge supplying a passive
Load with inductive load with firing angle is 25 ° in channel one is across load and in
channel two current
# waveform by draw
# simulation (MATLAB)
Circuit for R load to firing angle [ 25 °]

waveform for R load

Voltage current

Here as we can see the wave form for voltage load and current on Matlab for Controlled
bridge supplying a passive Load with Resistive load with firing angle is 25 °
Circuit for RL load to firing angle [ 25 °]

waveform for RL load

voltage current

Here as we can see the wave form for voltage load and current on Matlab for Controlled
bridge supplying a passive Load with RL load with firing angle is 25 °
Part3 :
# Circuit Diagram 3 (Thyristor bridge with free-wheeling diode)

# measurement
Vs=100VLL

Adjust firing angle to 25 °

LOAD firing angle OUTPUT OUTPUT OUPUT CONDUCTION

VOLTAGE CURRENT I, POWER Po ANGLE
E, dc dc w
degrees
α V mA
a) Inductive 25 85 490 41.65 151.8
(RL)
Table 3. Measurements for Thyristor bridge with free-wheeling diode.

# Discussion

- In the this table we did Thyristor bridge with free-wheeling diode

First We adjust firing angle from thyristor firing unit
Then We got the result for voltage / current from DC voltmeter/ Current ammeter

And measured the output power from this equation :

(E1 x l1)

85 x 490mA = 41.65 W

- Also we got the conduction angle from this equation :

360 tc
 here tc take fomr oscilloscope (delta).
16.67 ms
In this part the tc for Thyristor bridge with free-wheeling diode was 7 ms

360× 7 ms
=151.80 °
16.67 ms

- What effect does the free-wheeling diode have on the operation of the circuit?
It remove the negative effect at Vo caused by the inductive load.
# waveform by oscilloscope

Here as we can see the wave form on oscilloscope Thyristor bridge with free-wheeling diode
firing angle is 25 ° in channel one is across load and in channel two current

# waveform by draw
# simulation (MATLAB)

Circuit Resistive and Inductive Load with freewheeling diode firing angle [ 25 °]
waveform for Resistive and Inductive Load with freewheeling diode

voltage
current
Here as we can see the wave form for voltage load and current on Matlab for Controlled
bridge supplying a passive Load Resistive and Inductive Load with freewheeling diode load
firing angle is 25 °

Review questions :
1. In what direction is active power transferred by a bridge operating in the rectifier mode?
From supply to load

2. Under what conditions can a thyristor bridge operate in the inverter mode?

-firing angle above 90

-DC energy source in the load

3. . In what direction is active power transferred by a bridge operating in the

inverter mode?

From load to supply

Conclusion :

In conclusion , the laboratory was interesting and helpful to do, this lab experiment enabled
me To become familiar with the principles of single-phase ac rectifier. Moreover experiment
was useful for know of a thyristor single-phase bridge in both rectifier and inverter modes. Also
operation of bridges formed with two thyristors and two diodes. finally there was some mistake
and solve it . and we are looking forward to gaining more and more knowledge about power
electronic next lab .