DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

MURTHAL, SONIPAT

Department Of Architecture

DISSERTATION

Stage I - Synopsis

TOPIC- PREFABRICATION , FUTURE OR FAILURE IN INDIA:

Bachelor of architecture(B.arch) 9th semester

GUNJAN BAREJA, 17001006024
Oct – Dec 2021
INTRODUCTION:

PREFABRICATION: The assembly of buildings or their components at a location other than the building
site. The method controls construction costs by economizing on time, wages, and materials. Prefabricated
units may include doors, stairs, window walls, wall panels, floor panels, roof trusses, room-sized
components, and even entire buildings.

Uses The following are the uses of introducing the prefabrication system:

• Prefabricated components speed up construction time,

resulting in lower labor costs;
• Prefabrication allows for year-round construction;
• Work is not affected by weather delays (related to
excessive cold, heat, rain, snow, etc.);
• The mechanization used in prefabricated construction
ensures precise conformity to building code standards and
greater quality assurance;
• There are less wasted materials than in site-built
construction; There is less theft of material/equipment
(and less property damage due to vandalism);
• Materials are protected from exposure to the elements
during construction;
• Worker safety and comfort level are higher than in site-
built construction
• degree of customization, at an affordable cost;
• Quality control and factory sealing and design can ensure high energy efficiency; and
• Cost savings through prefabrication can reduce the income required to qualify for a high ratio
mortgage by up to one third compared to a conventionally built home of the same size

Need for Prefabrication

• Speedy Construction - No curing period
• Effect Economy
• Improve quality
• Durable structure with less maintenance
• Aesthetic finish
• Further expanses easy

Limitations of Prefabrication
• Uneconomical for smaller projects
• Transportation difficulties
• Safety of Crane and other support system has to carefully considered.
• Difficulties in transportation of vary large components

PROBLEM STATEMENT:

In India, prefabricated structures came into prominence after the establishment of Hindustan Housing
factory in the 1950s (now Hindustan Prefab Limited) by then-PM of India, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru. The
company introduced the use of precast concrete and pre-stressed concrete railway sleepers to the Indian
market to provide immediate low-income housing solutions in large volumes. It was an effective option as
the units were low rise and standard in size, with minimal requirement of flexibility. The price differential
was 30-40% when compared to conventional construction.
But still even today when so much time has been passed after its introduction in India, our construction
industry has not yet adopted prefabrication to the valuable extent and is not widely practiced because:
• Cost still takes precedence over speed
• Not many companies offer complete building solutions (apart from industrial and warehousing units)
• Assembly requires skilled labour
• Involves heavy transportation costs and risk of damage while in transit
• Requires careful handling of components and limitation to the size of modules
• Limits the option of alterations in the design scope of the building

There is an immediate need for popularisation and extensive use of prefabricated structures to increase the
efficiency, quality and speed of construction. In India, due to the lack of skilled labour and high
transportation costs, the technology is not as feasible yet.

So it is important to analyse, compare and get solutions to the limitations, prefabrication offers in our
country.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE:

The aim of this dissertation is to study the needs, advantages, disadvantages and limitations of prefabrication
and then concluding them together to analyse whether it can be an advantage to Indian construction industry
or not. Or there can be some solutions to overcome the drawbacks.

SCOPE OF STUDY:

There is an immediate need of introducing a speedy construction technologies in our country and
prefabrication is the best way to do so but because of less awareness about it among the pioneers of the
industry it is yet to gain popularity. To do so it is important to analyse and compare the aspects of:
1. Timelessness
2. Cost effectiveness
3. Requirements
4. and End product quality
Of both conventional method and prefabricated method of construction.

METHODOLOGY FOR DIISERTATION

Comparative analysis, Case studies, Literature studies, Research papers, Internet, Books

SOURCES:

https://cbri.res.in/

https://www.cbre.co.in/

https://www.thehindu.com/

https://www.researchgate.net/

http://www.trp.org.in/

https://realty.economictimes.indiatimes.com/
https://oatd.org/

https://www.britannica.com/

https://www.nbmcw.com/

https://old.amu.ac.in/