Professional Documents
Culture Documents
By
Oscar Gatchalian Soriano
B.S. Crim, MSBA, MACrim, PhDCrim
Introduction
The task of preparing a police plan and program can not be completed without an in-depth
study and considerable preliminary injury before the outlining decision and program of action for
future implementation.
In such cases, the person to whom the responsibility has been delegated must work out all the
details completely. All the legwork of gathering the pertinent data must be perform, after the approach
to the problem has been carefully planned, and a line of procedure derived.
Ordinary, concise, briefs, and to the point plan and program and action should be prepared , so
that the end user implementing the project, Such a plan and program should be supplemented by a
more detailed concept of operation and appropriate agenda, which may refereed to in the event further
particulars are desired.
2. A plan and program serves as a guide or reference on both training and performance and
simplifies the direction of group members.
3. The planning the programming process gives continued attention to the improvement of
practices and procedure.
4. A plan and program enables a check on accomplishment thereby affecting control.
4. Wise planning and programming assures the most effective and economical use of resources
in accomplishing organizational purpose.
1. Reactive
Almost all police organizations engage at one time or another in reactive planning and
programming, that is they develop a plan in response to crisis or when forced to do implement a
decisions made by some other person.
2. Contingency
Contingency planning and programming envisions the possibility that some “SPECIAL
INCIDENT” such as riot, hostage situation, or major transportation disaster may occur and is based on
the organization’s wish to be prepared when it does occur, the plan and program often results from the
lesson learned by other organizations that had face similar events and found that their preparation had
been inadequate
3. Strategic
Strategic Planning requires the organizations to set goals of at least five years into the future
and devise steps that need to be taken to achieve goals.
4. Operational Efficiency
In operational efficiency planning and programming, current processes are reviewed, and
recommendations for improvements are made. Example of that type of planning and programming are
resource allocation studies, studies of investigative efficiency, the examination of patrol procedures.
This planning and programming process often consist of short term, one-time projects, although the
planning and programming really should be conducted to be use wisely as condition change.
Mission Statement
1. Formulates and superlatives the 3executions of plans and programs, to include
organizational and force development that are beyond the immediate operational and tactical range.
2. Develops and monitors the implementations of policies, doctrines and regulations in
collaboration with the other police offices.
3. Liaisons with law making body and prepare position papers on pertinent legislative agenda.
4. Liaisons with government and non government agencies and participates in joint planning
activities.
5. Takes staff action on matters pertaining to research, development and test arms and
equipment of the police organization
6. Liaisons with the international foreign body and staff action on foreign bilateral and
multilateral matters and international commitments.
7. Undertakes special studies and research projects and make position papers needed for the
effective and efficient administration and operation of the police organization.
8. Prepares accomplishments reprts of the plice organizations
9. Maintain and manages the central records system of the police organization.
10. Provides secretarial services to the police organizations weapons system Boards, rules and
regulations Board and other related bodies.
11. Perform other functions as may be directed by the proper authorities
2. Tactical
Are those plans which are prepared to meet exigencies encountered by police, such as
whispered civil disorders, unusual crimes problems, civil defense needs or major disasters, this plants
are prepared considerably in advance of expected incidents and are largely based on field intelligence
supplied by supervisory personnel and the expertise they are able to provide in assessing future needs.
These plans are designed to guide personnel in controlling unusual happenings and restoring
order as quickly and as efficiently as possible.
The method of control are substantially the same as ordinary police operations but must be
expanded to meet the requirements of each occurrence, it is necessary that such plans must be basic,
flexible in nature and adaptable to modification as the need arises.
4. Auxiliary Services
Are those plans, which implement normal operation such as in the recruitment of personnel,
police community relation activities and the likes.
5. Fiscal
Are those plans relates to those matters for budget preparation and use and control of funds
allotted for personnel, equipment and supplies.
What is Raid?
It is a type of operation and it is an extreme measure used when all other measures or means
fail.
1. Apprehend Suspect/s
2. Secure evidences
3. Recover Stolen Property
4. Confiscate Contraband
5. Prevent the Commision of the Crime.
Don’ts in a Raid
1. Don’t take unnecessary chances.
2. Don’t underestimate the ability encourage of the subject/s.
3. Don’t raid when not properly prepared.
4. Don’t endanger the lives of by-standers innocent people.
5. Don’t use raiders well not acquainted with each other.
6. Don’t forget gas masks when employing tear gas.
7. Don’t be unnecessarily rough on the subject/s.
8. Don’t shoot to kill unless very imperative.
9. Don’t touch the evidence unless seen by witness, or by the owner or occupants of the place.
Definition of Search.
Search is an examination of an individual person, house of effects, or other buildings and premises
to discover contraband or some evidence of guilt to be used in the prosecution of a criminal action.
Types of Search
1. Wall Search
The purpose is to place the subject in an “off-balanced” position requiring the use of both arms
and legs to keep him from falling the ground. This is the safest type of search. It does not necessarily
require a wall, any object that can support the weight of the subject can be used. The procedures are:
1.) Require the subject to place both hands on the wall slightly higher than his waist. Spread
hands as far as possible. Palms should be placed against the wall, finger extended.
2.) Extend the subject’s feed back away from the wall. Spread them as far as possible, toes
pointed out. Buttocks should on arch position.
3.) The subject’s he should be down or bowed at all times.
4.) Follow the hereunder mechanics in executing the “wall search”.
a. If there is only one (1) subject, the leader of the searching team should place himself
at one side, while his subordinate is in the other side.
b. To search the other side, the subordinate should move to the opposite side.
c. If there are two (2) or three (3) subjects, move one subject to be search on the wall,
but out of reach of the others.
d. Search both sides of subject, the leader conducting the searches and the subordinate
guarding the other subject.
e. Move one (1) subject at a time.
f. The subordinate should concentrate on the actions of the subject and not on the action
of the leader.
g. When there are more than three (3) subjects, additional personnel should be
summoned.
h. In serious apprehensions, the searcher should hold his weapon in ready position all
throughout the search.
I. The body must be search systematically with the foot of the researcher place tightly
against the subjects foot, right with right, left with left, anklebone against anklebone.
j. Remove any object found, then examine the palm of the hand, including between the
fingers.
2. Standing Search
1. Raise subject’s hand over his
head and spread the feet as far as possible.
2. This is not recommend because the subject is an “on balance” position.
3. Kneeling search
1.) Subject kneels on the ground with hand raised
2.) This is also being discourage for the same reason as the “standing search”.
1. Prone Search
1.) Subject lies on his stomach with arms and legs outstretched.
2.) Subject has both arms and legs free and it at all times in an “on-balance” position.
3.) Front part of the clothing cannot be searched.
4.) This can be extremely dangerous if the subject has knowledge of judo.
Arrest Defined
Arrest is the taking of person into custody of the law in order that he may be duty
bound to answer for the commission of an offense.
1. The general rules is that a search and seizures must be carried through or with a judicial warrant,
otherwise such search and seizure become unreasonable and thing seized in violation of this rule, shall
be inadmissible for any purpose in any purpose in any proceeding.
2. Where the arrest of the accused is lawful, having been caught in flagrant delicto, there is a need for
a warrant for the seizure of the fruit of the crime as well as for the body search upon him, the same
being incidental to lawful arrest.
3. The warrantless search and seizure as an incident to a suspect’s lawful arrest may extent beyond the
person of one arrested, to include the premises or surroundings under his immediate control.
3. In the event of the occupants of the vehicle fire towards the personnel manning the checkpoints,
overkill tendencies shall be avoided to avoid tragic and embarrassing situations, which adversely
affect the police organization and the government, and in the process, reduced the peoples trust and
confidence. Reasonable force to immobilize the vehicle and – or neutralize the suspects resistance
shall be sufficient.
Civil unrest seems to be indigenous to civilization, although there are times it is apparent in
isolated situations or among small numbers of people. Laborers, students, and cause-oriented groups
have been most prominent and dramatic in their efforts to effect immediate changes are social
practices and standards. They conduct demonstration, sit-ins, teaching, and non-violent civil
disobedience, which usually begins as non-destructive incidents but sometimes end in violence and
bitter combat. Some movements include mass criminal conspiracies for the purpose of interfering with
lawful processes. Other produce spontaneous riotous outburst out of ostensibly peaceful assembly.
The continually recurring conditions of civil unrest and lawlessness throughout the country make
it appears that it is possible for a major disturbance to occur at any and at any time when there are
enough people for quorum.
Given the right combination of factors, any situation involving large numbers of people may
evolve or explode into an unlawful assembly. Without immediate decisive police action, the situation
could quickly evolve into a full-scale riot.
1. An increase in the recurrence in the same rumor, or the sensationalism of rumors of similar
design, such as alleged police abuse of people, and lost of trust and confidence on the government.
2. An increase in threatening or insulting assigns or pamphlets in commercial or other public
places.
3. An increase in number of incidents of violence of threats of violence.
4. Disturbance at various locations that appear to be a similar nature as if designed to test the
capabilities of the police organization or the decisiveness in the officer- in –charge of an institution
such as school, as a prelude to more serious action later.
5. More than the usual number of disturbance at places or entertaining or supporting events.
6. Factional gang fighting or warfare or a series or raids on parties and places of peaceful
congregation.
7. Threats and attack on private property.
8. An increasing need for the use of force in effecting the arrest, as though there were a planned
effort to “bait’ the police.
9. An accompanying increase in the number of complaints about abusive practices of the police
and/or the government, and the continuing claim that such complaints is receiving no satisfactory
action.
10. Public name-calling and a general attitude of contempt and disrespected for police officers.
1.) The pertinent provisions of the public Assembly Act of 1985, Batas Pambansa Blg. 880, the labor
Code of the Philippines, as amended, an other applicable laws, shall be observed during rallies,
strikes, demonstration or other public assemblies.
2.) Accordingly, law enforcement agents shall at all times exercise maximum tolerance.
3.) Police officers must be in full uniform with their identification cards and nameplates on.
4.) No excessive reasonable force shall be employed on such occasions as to or wound individuals
5.) Only such forces as may be necessary to prevent or repel an aggression may be used, and only as
last resort.
6.) Employment of teargas, smoke grenades and water cannon shall be made under proper advisement
and command of a responsible or superior police officer, and must be resorted only when there is a
clear imminent danger to loss of lives and deliberate destruction’s of properties.
7.) No arrest of any leader, organizer or participants shall be made during the assembly any of the
above mentioned laws, the Revised code or any Special La
8.) Police assistance when requested must be limited to protection of lives and properties and the
members of the law enforcer contingent must bear no firearm, they must be equipped only with
baton, riot sticks, shields, crash helmets with visor and boots.
9.) No public assembly with permit shall be dispersed except when it becomes violent. At first sign of
impending violence, the ground commander shall call the leaders for dialogue to prevent possible
disturbance.
10.) During actual violence, audible warning for dispersal by the ranking officer must be made and, if
after allowing time operations must be pursued using such force as may be necessary and
reasonable to prevent or repel an aggression.
1. Box Formation
It is being used in providing VIP security coverage.
2.”U” Formation
Also being used VIP security coverage
3. Line Formation
Basic formation during actual confrontation with the crowd.
4. Double Line Formation
Formation used during defensive dispersal of the crowd.
5. Arrow Formation
Formation during aggressive dispersal of the crowd.
6. Wedge Formation
Formation during the dispersal of a large number of crowd.
7. “I” Formation
Also a basic formation in providing VIP security during negotiations with unruly crowd.
Disaster Defined
A great natural catastrophe or an extraordinary accident which plunges scores of people into
helpless and suffering and it will cause for unusual and superhuman police activity.
Definition of Terrorism
Violation for effect…not primarily, and sometimes not all for the physical effect on the
actual target, but rather for its dramatic impact on an audience.
The calculated use of violence or the threat of violence to attain goals, often political or
ideological in nature, through instilling fear, intimidation or coercion.
Is violent criminal behavior designed to generate fear in the community, or
substantial segments of it, for political purpose.
2. Criminals
People who commit terrorists acts for personal rather than ideological gain
3. Crusaders
Ideologically inspired individuals or groups… the political terrorists.
Description of IEDs
The appearance of IED is up to the imagination of the bomber. First, it is an object,
regardless its disguise, that isn’t suppose to be. The kicker to this statement is “how do I know what
is or isn’t supposes to be where it is? There is grand or perfect answer to this one.
However, the best man and most effective mechanism is “you and your alertness”.
Who else would be a better idea of what is or isn’t a suspicious item or situation in your area.
Through a constant sense of awareness, you’re the people who live and work in your particular
areas are the only true defense that exists. The point is “ if you think it doesn’t belong in your
area, it probably doesn’t if is suspicious-do something about it.
1. Pipe Bomb
Steel or PVC pipe section with end caps in just about any configuration external
fusing as a wick or clock/battery.
2. Briefcase/Boxes
Any style, color, size including what appear to be discarded quick food containers.
Some may even be as small as a cigarette package.
4. Automobiles/Trucks
By far the most devastating and probably one of the easiest to plant. Indicator may
include: strange license tags, inappropriate decals, or just an unfamiliar car parked in your area.
The bomb can be implanted anywhere in the vehicle including behind the seats, in the trunk or
gasoline tank.
5. Existing Objects
Those items which seem to have a purpose but could be substituted or used as a bomb
container.
Sub-classification of IEDs
The method of getting the bomb to its objectives includes, but is not limited to the
following:
1. Delivery
The method of getting the bomb to its objectives include, but are not limited to the
following:
Definition of VIP
It is a person who, because of his sensitive position is accorded with special protection for his
personal safety.
Frequency of Crime
Is the frequency of occurrence of a particular crime incident committed in a given area over a
period, it is also similarly known as Crime Clock.
Formula: FC = Total No. of days
Total No. of Incident
Example: = Period covered: 01 Jan 99 15 Nov99
1. No. of Days = 318
2. No. of Murder Case = 107
= 318
107
= 2.97
Note:
Two represents the days, to get the number of hours, .97 will be multiplied by 24 (hours),
hence .97 X 24 = 23.28 now represent the number hours
Then .60 will multiply .28 X 60 = 16.8, now 16 represent the number of minutes, then .8 will be
multiplied by 60 (second), 8 X 60 = 48, then 48 represents the number of seconds.
Frequency of Murder or the Crime Clock for Murder is committed every 71 hours, 16 minutes,
and 48 seconds in a given area.