DETERMINATION OF MODULUS OF RIGIDITY OF A WIRE BY STATICAL

METHOD USING HORIZONTAL PATTERN OF APPARATUS

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 DETERMINATION OF MODULUS OF RIGIDITY OF A WIRE BY STATICAL
METHOD USING HORIZONTAL PATTERN OF APPARATUS

 Theory: The Modulus of Rigidity

…………….(1)

where M = load suspended.

D = Diameter of the pulley.
R = Radius of the experimental rod.
G = Acceleration due to gravity.
L1 – L2 = distance between two pointers.
θ1 – θ2 = Difference of the angular twist produced in the rod.

 Apparatus used:

1) Horizontal pattern of apparatus.

2) Set of ½ kg weights.
3) Scale.
4) Screw gauge.
Procedure:

1) Determine the least count of the screw gauge and measure radius r of the wire at a number of places along the
length of the wire. Find the mean value. Note the zero error, if any of the screw gauge and obtain the correct
value of r.
1) Measure the perimeter of the pulley by a thread.
2) Place a load of 500 gm on the hanger. This will produce a twist on the wire. Note the angle produced at the
pointer 1 and pointer 2 due to the load of 500 gm.
3) Increasing gradually the load in steps of 500 gm and at each observation, and at each step record the angle of
twist of the both pointers . Now decrease the load to zero in the same steps as used for increasing the load,
and record the corresponding angle of twist of the both pointers. Determine the mean of these two readings,
and calculate the twist due to each load by subtracting the zero-load reading.

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 Draw a graph with the load m in gm along the X-axis and the corresponding angle of twist in cm
along the Y-axis and determine the value of η.
 Experimental Results:

1) Table for least count of the screw gauge:

Pitch of the screw(p) (cm) No. of circular scale division Least count = p/n (cm)

Zero error of the screw gauge = …………. c.m.

2) Table for determination of the radius (r) of the rod:

Sl Reading along
Reading along any perpendicular to Uncorrected Mean Mean Mean
No direction (X) the previous
oooo diameter uncorrected corrected radius
direction (Y) (X+Y)/2 diameter diameter (r)
msr csr total msr csr total (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm)
(cm) (cm)
(cm) (cm)

3.Table for the Determination of the diameter (D) of the pully:

Circumference of the pully (L) in cm Radius of the pully (R) in cm Diameter of the pully (D) in cm

4.Difference in the length between the two pointer (L1 – L2) = ......... cm

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5. Table for the determination of the Twist:

No Weight Twist of the first pointer in degree (θ1) Twist of the second pointer in degree (θ2) (θ1~θ2)
of placed on in
obs the pan Load Load Mean value of Load Load Mean value degree
(M) in gm increasing decreasing angle of twist increasing decreasing of angle of
(θ1) twist (θ2)

1 0

2 500

3 1000

... ...

6. Calculation

dyne/cm2
θ1~θ2
in degree

Load in gm

Percentage Error :

=0, =0, =0.1cm, =2 *0.1 cm, =least count of the screw gauge,

=2*10.

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Percentage error = *100%

Result: The modulus of rigidity ( η) of the rod is ..... dyne/cm2

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