TORSION TEST

Date: Experiment No:

A I M : To determine the Rigidity Modulus of the given circular shaft.

APPARATUS : Torsion Testing machine, Vernier Calliperse, and scale.

The torsion testing machine is used to measure the torque applied and the angle turned
in a torsion test. The specimen can be clamped in the correct position at a specified place
provided on the machine. The torque is applied by rotating a handle. The torque applied and
corresponding angle turned can be read on the dials provided on the machine.

THEORY: If the angles of twist given to the specimen and the corresponding torques are known
a graph may be drawn between the variation of the torque (T) and the angles of twist (Ф). The
graph is a straight line. From the graph, angle of twist for any desired value of torque is noted.

The substituting the value of T and Ф in the expression Ф = and the rigidity modulus, of the

material can be obtained.

The rigidity modulus (G) of the material is given by

G= = ……………………..(1)

Where,
G = rigidity modulus in N/mm2
T = Torque produed in N-mm
Ф = angle of twist in radians
L = effective gauge length of the specimen in mm

J = Polar moment of Inertia of the circular cross-section =

d = diameter of the circular shaft

PROCEDURE:

1. Measure the diameter of the shaft (d) in mm

2. The polar moment of Inertia of the circular shaft (J) is calculated in mm4.
3. Measure the length of the circular shaft (L) in mm.
4. The specimen is placed on the machine and is gripped properly (already fixed).
5. The Torque and angle of twist on the digital meter are adjusted to zero.
6. The handle provided on the gear is rotated in clock wise so that the amount of twist
produced in the shaft is 20.
7. The amount of torque produced is measured through the Digital meter in N-mm.
8. Repeat the test for every 20 increment up to 100 of twist and measure the torque.
9. Then the gear is rotated in opposite direction such that the twist is decreased from 100 to 00
and the corresponding torque is measured.
10. The torque (T) is calculated in N-mm and the corresponding twist (Ф) is calculated in
radians.
11. A graph is drawn between the variation of the torque (T) in N-mm on Y-axis and the angle of
twist (Ф) on X-axis.

12. From the graph, the slope of the line in N-mm/radians is noted.

13. Substitute the ratio in N-mm/radians in equation (1) to obtain the rigidity modulus

(G).

OBSERVATIONS:

1. Length of the circular shaft (L) = mm

2. Diameter of the circular shaft (d)
Lease count of vernier calliperse(L.C.) = mm

Sl.No Main Scale Reading(MSR) Vernier V.C. x L.C. Total

(mm) Coincidence (mm) MSR+(VCxLC)
 (VC) (mm)

Average

Daimeter of circular shaft (d) = mm

3. During Test:

Sl.No Angle of
twist Ф Mean
Angle of Twist Ф in Degrees Torque (N-mm)
in Torque
Radians (N-mm)
Increasing Decreasing Mean Increasing Decreasing

CALCULATIONS:

1. Length of the circular shaft (L) = mm

2. The polar moment of Inertia (J) = mm4.

3. From Graph, the ratio = N-mm/radians

4. The rigidity modulus of the material is given by G = =

= N/mm2
RESULT:

The Rigidity Modulus of the given specimen G = N/mm2

COMMENTS/INFERENCE: