MATHEMATICS

PROJECT 2
MEDIAN FROM OGIVE

NAVYA ALMAL
11 C
Table of Contents

S.No. Topic Page

1 Aim of the project 2

2 Rationale 2

3 What is the median? 3

4 What is cumulative frequency? 3

5 Types of cumulative frequency? 4

6 What is a cumulative frequency curve? 4

7 Types of cumulative frequency curves 5

8 Median from cumulative frequency curves 6

9 Problem Statement 7

10 Conclusion 8

11 Bibliography 8
Aim of the Project:
The aim of the project is to calculate the median from the intersection of cumulative
frequency graphs.

Rationale:
I selected this topic for the project because it gives us a better understanding about data
representation. It teaches us how we can use ogives to represent data and calculate the
median.
What is the median?
The median is the center quantity in a sorted, ascending or descending, list of numbers.
If there may be an odd quantity of numbers, the median value is the quantity that is in
the center, with the identical quantity of numbers underneath and above.
If there may be an even quantity of numbers in the list, the center pair ought to be
determined, added together, and divided by two to locate the median value.
Example:
The median of the data set {2, 3, 11, 13, 26, 34, 47} is 13.

The median of the data set {2, 3, 11, 13, 17, 27, 34, 47} is which equals 15.

What is cumulative frequency?

In statistics, the frequency of the first-class interval is added to the frequency of the
second class, and this sum is added to the third class and so forth then, frequencies
which are acquired this manner are called cumulative frequency (c.f.). A table that
shows the cumulative frequencies which are distributed over numerous classes is
known as a cumulative frequency distribution or cumulative frequency table.

Example:
A Major League Baseball team records its home runs in the 2020 session as given
below.

Match Frequency(home runs) c.f.(Cumulative Frequency)

Qualifying match 11 11

Quarter Final 8 11+8=19

Semi Final 10 19+10=29

Final 7 29+7=36

Note:
The last value of c.f. is always equal to the sum of frequencies.
11+8+10+17=36.
Types of Cumulative Frequency
There are two types of cumulative frequency:
● Less Than Cumulative Frequency
Lesser than cumulative frequency is acquired by adding successively the
frequencies of all of the preceding classes including the class against which it is
written. The cumulate starts from the lowest to the highest size.
● More Than Cumulative Frequency
Greater than cumulative frequency is obtained by finding the cumulative total of
frequencies beginning from the highest to the lowest class.
Example:

Class Interval Frequency Less than c.f. Greater than c.f.

140-145 2 2 17+2=19

145-150 6 2+6=8 11+6=17

150-155 4 8+4=12 7+4=11

155-160 7 12+7=19 7

What is a cumulative frequency curve?

The cumulative frequency distribution of grouped data may be represented on a graph.
Such a representative graph is known as a cumulative frequency curve or an ogive.
Representing cumulative frequency data on a graph is the most efficient manner to
understand the information and derive results.
Types of cumulative frequency curves
There are two types of cumulative frequency curves:
● Less than cumulative frequency curve
Example:

Class Interval Frequency Less than c.f. Plotting points

0-20 4 4 (20,4)

20-40 5 4+5=9 (40,9)

40-60 6 9+6=15 (60,15)

60-80 3 15+3=18 (80,18)

 ● More than cumulative frequency curve
Example:

Class Interval Frequency More than c.f. Plotting points

0-20 4 14+4=18 (0,18)

20-40 5 9+5=14 (20,14)

40-60 6 3+6=9 (40,9)

60-80 3 3 (60,3)

Median from cumulative frequency curves

The value of the x axis at the point of intersection of less than and more than cumulative
frequency curve gives us the median.
Problem Statement
Graph the two ogives for the following frequency distribution of the weekly wages of the
given no of workers. Hence, find its median.

Weekly Wages No. of workers

0-10 4

10-20 7

20-30 6

30-40 2

40-50 1

Solution:

Weekly No. of Less than More than Plotting Plotting

Wages Workers c.f. c.f. points for points for
less then more than

0-10 4 4 16+4=20 (10,4) (0,20)

10-20 7 4+7=11 9+7=16 (20,11) (10,16)

20-30 6 11+6=17 3+6=9 (30,17) (20,9)

30-40 2 17+2=19 1+2=3 (40,19) (30,3)

40-50 1 19+1=20 1 (50,20) (40,1)

From this graph we can conclude that the median is 17.5.

Conclusion:
From this project we can conclude that ogives help us graph data properly and makes
the understanding process easier. It helps us find out various things like median which
is useful for serving other purposes. This project was fun to work on as it taught me
more about the ogive which I did not previously know. It helped me learn new topics as
well as old ones.

Bibliography:
● "Median Definition". Investopedia, 2021,
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/median.asp.
● "Cumulative Frequency - Definition, Types, Constructing Cumulative Frequency
Table & Graph, Examples". Cuemath, 2021,
https://www.cuemath.com/data/cumulative-frequency/.