(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)

Erachakulam (Po), Nagercoil - 629 901, Kanyakumari (Dt), Tamil Nadu, INDIA

Department of Management Studies

II Semester – R 2017

BA5211 – DATA ANALYSIS & BUSINESS

MODELLING

Lab Manual

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Amrita College of Engineering and Technology-Department of Management Studies
 Vision
 The Vision of our department is to be recognized as a provider of learning
environment that nurtures infinite potential of individuals to be future professional
managers who are rooted in ethics and driven by environmental and social
consciousness.
Mission
 M1- To impart and nurture managerial and entrepreneurial skills in the students

 M2 To build intellectual capabilities based on the twin pillars of theory and practice

 M3- To create a healthy competitive environment for students in which they can
enhance their knowledge and sharpen their skills

 M4- To encourage the faculty and students to undertake research and consultancy
assignments

 M5 -To promote self-employment through entrepreneurship

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 BA5211- DATA ANALYSIS & BUSINESS MODELLING
SYLLABUS

OBJECTIVES:
 To have hands – on experience on decision making .
 The aim of this course is to give students a thorough grounding in Excel Data
Analysis, Reporting and Business Modelling.

LIST OF PROGRAMS:
1.
S.No Exp.No List of Experiments Name of Software
1 1 Descriptive Statistics EXCEL
2 2 Hypothesis - Parametric test EXCEL
3 3 Hypothesis - Non - parametric test EXCEL
4 4 Correlation & Regression EXCEL
5 5 Forecasting EXCEL
6 - Extended experiment -1 EXCEL
7 6 Portfolio Selection EXCEL
8 7 Risk Analysis & Sensitivity Analysis EXCEL
9 8 Revenue Management EXCEL
10 - Extended experiment -2 EXCEL
11 9 Transportation & Assignment EXCEL
12 10 Networking Models EXCEL
13 11 Queuing Theory EXCEL
14 12 Inventory Models EXCEL
15 - Extended experiments – 3 EXCEL

SOFTWRE NEEDED
 Spreadsheet Software
 Data Analysis tools

TOTAL: 60 PERIODS

OUTCOMES: Upon completion of the course, students will be able to:

 This course provides a thorough working knowledge of a “best practice”
platform meeting many organizational and project analytical needs.

 It provides knowledge of spreadsheets and data analysis software for busiess

modeling.

 This course is hands-on, scenario based, and involves relational data base
construction and integration including use of Pivot Tables and Descriptive
Statistics. Key tools included are trend analyses (i.e. multiple regression,
exponential smoothing, etc.) as well as advanced Excel functions .

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Ex.No:1
Date: Descriptive Statistics
Question
Analyse the data of scores of students in a competitive examination using descriptive
statistics:
ID. NO Gender Degree Score in
the Exam
1 Male PG 2291
2 Male UG 2003

3 Female PG 2242
4 Female Dr 1734
5 Female PG 1709

6 Female PG 1779
7 Female Dr 1564

8 Male UG 1832
9 Male UG 1843
10 Male PG 2051

11 Female UG 1768
12 Male PG 1543
13 Female Dr 1654

14 Male PG 1525
15 Female UG 1343
16 Female UG 1834

17 Female UG 1495
18 Female Dr 2258

19 Female UG 2271
20 Male PG 1935

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Find
1) What is the total number of students available?
2) What is the average score in the exam and what is the score that divides the scores
in to two equal halves when the scores are sorted from lowest to highest? What is
the typical variability of scores in the data?
3) Draw a pie chart to indicate the number of respondents with different degrees in the
data?
4) Draw bar chart to indicate male and female respondents in the data

Aim:
1) To find the total number of students.
2) To find the average score in the exam, also the score that divides the scores in to two
equal halves when the scores are sorted from lowest to highest and typical
variability of scores in the data.
3) To draw a pie chart to indicate the number of respondents with different degrees in
the data.
4) To draw bar chart to indicate male and female respondents in the data

Staistical Tool Applied:

 Descriptive Statistics

Procedure

Step: 1 Open a New Microsoft Excel page, enter the data given data

Step: 2 On the Data tab, click Data Analysis.

(Note: If Data Analysis button is not found, follow the steps to Load the Analysis
ToolPak add-in)

Analysis ToolPak

The Analysis ToolPak is an Excel add-in program that provides data analysis tools for
financial, statistical and engineering data analysis.
To load the Analysis ToolPak add-in, execute the following steps.

1. Click the File tab and select the Excel option.

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 2. A dialogue box appears , click Add- Ins .

3. An Add- Ins dialogue box appear, select Analysis ToolPak and click Go.

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 4. A new dialogue box appears, select Analysis Toolpak and click ok button. Now Data
Analysis menu will be display in Data Tab.

Step: 3 The total number of students can be obtained by using count () function in Excel.

Step:4 Click on any empty cell, type the formula as =count (value1, value2, …) . For
example count (D2:D21) and click Enter. (Note that non numeric columns like gender
cannot be used as argument for count () function.)

Step:5 The output will be display as shown below

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Step: 5 To find the average score in the exam Click Data tab in that Click Data Analysis, a
dialogue box will appear as shown below. Click Descriptive Statistics and Click ok button.

Step: 6 Another dialogue box appear, in that click input range option and select the range of
data for which we need to find average ( for example if we want to find the average value
for Score of examination select that particular column (eg: D2 to D21)).

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Step :7 Then click output range option and select an any empty cell in the spreadsheet to
display the output ( Here it is F4).

Step :8 Then select the label in first option and click summary statistics option in the same
dialogue box and click ok button to display results.

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Step: 9 The output will display as shown below

Step: 10 In the above results, the average score is represented by the Mean of the data. The
sore that divides the score of the exam data in to two equal halves is represented by
Median of the data, whereas standard deviation represents the typical variation in the data.

Step: 11 To draw the pie chart to indicate the number of respondents with different
degrees, first we need to count number of respondents have different degrees ( UG, PG & Dr
) using count if function formula = countif (range, value) (for example = countif(D2:D21,
“UG). Similarly the same formula cab be applied to count number of respondents in PG and
Dr.

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Step:12 The result will be displayed as shown below

Step: 13 Now select the result appear in the previous table and click Insert tab., select chart
style as pie chart. The chart will appear as shown below.

Step: 14 The same count if function will be applied to find number of male and female
respondents

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Step:15 Now click Insert Tab and Chart style and select Histogram chart. The chart will
appear as shown below

Result:

Thus the given data has been analyzed using descriptive statistics.

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Ex.No:2
Date: Hypothesis using Parametric Test
Question:

A teacher claims that people who work for only five hours per week will score significantly
lower than people who work for ten hours per week on a quantitative abilities test. He
brings twenty people and randomly assigned them to one or two groups. In one group he
has participants who work for ten hours and in other group he has participants who work
for five hours. He conducts the test for all participants. Scores on the test range from one to
ten with higher scores representing better performance. Test if there is any significant
difference between those who work for five hours per week versus those who work for ten
hours per week based on the test performance

Group working for Group working for

5hours 10 hours
3 7

2 5
4 8
3 6
Test Scores
1 7
4 8

2 9
4 7
3 5

5 7

Aim
To test whether there is any significant difference (using parametric test) between those
who work for five hours per week versus those who work for ten hours per week based on
the test performance
Statistical Tool Applied:
 Parametric test (t-test)

Procedure:
Step: 1 Frame the Null hypothesis (H0) and Alternative hypothesis (Ha).

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 Ho: There is no significant difference between those who work for five hours per
week versus those who work for ten hours per week based on the test performance
i.e, µ5 = µ10
Ha: There is a significant difference between those who work for five hours per
week versus those who work for ten hours per week based on the test performance
i.e, µ5 < µ10
Step: 2 Copy and paste the data in a new Excel spreadsheet. The data will appear as shown
below

Step:3 Click Data Tab and open the Data Analysis . Select descriptive statistics from Data
Analysis Add-in and click ok button .

Step: 4 Another dialogue box appears, in that click input range option and select the range
of data Descriptive Statistics (Here $B$1:$C$11).

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Step: 5 Now click output range option and select an any empty cell in the spreadsheet to
display the output ( Here it is E2) and then select the label in first option and click
summary statistics option in the same dialogue box and click ok button .

Step: 6 The output display is shown below

Step:7 In the above table, the standard deviation values are closer to 1, also which lies
between 0.5 to 2. Therefore we can assume it as equal variance.

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Step: 8 To start t – test, click Data Analysis from Data Tab, then click t- Test : Two sample
assuming equal variance. (because the standard deviation values are closer to 1, also which
lies between 0.5 to 2) and click Ok button.

Step: 9 A new dialogue box appear, give an input in variable 1 Range(i.e, the first sample
range will be select , here (B1 to B11) and , give other input in variable 2 Range(i.e, the
second sample range will be select , here (C1 to C11) and click ok button.

Step: 10 The result of t- test will appear as shown below

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Result:
The alternative hypothesis have < symbol so it is one tail test (Left tail test). Now ,
looking at the p-value for one tail , the value is 1.06E-06 which when rounded off to
three decimals equals 0.000. this value 0.000 is less than 0.05 or 5% level of
significance. Hence we reject null hypothesis and accept alternative hypothesis. Thus
there is a significant difference between those who work for five hours per week and
those who work for ten hours per week based on the test performance i.e, µ5 < µ10. It
indicates the performance of those who work for 5 hours is less than performance of
those who work for 10 hours.

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Ex.No:3
Date: Hypothesis - Non Parametric Test

Question:
A car manufacturing company like to find the sales of three types of cars produced by them
in three regions and is given below

Region 1 Region 2 Region Total

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Maruti 800 28 15 47 90

Maruti Zen 5 6 50 60
Marurti Alto 50 41 9 100

Total 82 62 106 250

Test if there is any association between the regions and types of cars purchased.

Aim:
To test if there is any association between the regions and types of cars purchased.
Statistical Tool Applied:

 Chi-square Test

Procedure:
Step: 1 Frame the Null hypothesis (H0) and Alternative hypothesis (Ha)
H0: There is no association between the regions and types of cars purchased.
Ha : There is association between the regions and types of cars purchased.
Step : 2 copy and paste the data in Excel as shown below

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Step: 3 The above given data are observed values. To find the expected value for a
particular cell multiply the row total and column total and divide it by grand total. A sample
calculation to find expected value for cell c4 is shown below.

Step : 4 The p- value for chi-square is found out using the CHITEST() function. The
CHITEST() function is entered as shown below.

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Step :5 The p – value obtained is 1.0832E -18, when it is rounded off to three decimal place
gives 0.000 which is less than 0.05 because it is significant at 5% . Hence the null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted. It indicates there is
association between the regions and types of cars purchased.

Result:

Thus the given data is tested using non-parametric test (chi-square test) and the
result indicates there is association between the regions and types of cars purchased.

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Ex.No:4
Date: Correlation Analysis

Question:
Ramesh is doing a statistics paper in his post-graduation course. He met his friend Amal
who is a textile engineer. Ramesh, who is doing his internship at ABC Researchers, is
interested in a question. He poses this question to Amal and tries to find if he can answer.
The question is as follows: The data regarding sales of soft- drinks and sales of cotton
clothes in a place during the last 12 months are available in below table.
S.No Sales of Soft Drinks in Sales of cotton
Litre clothes

1 90000 1000
2 88000 920
3 93000 1100

4 98000 1300
5 96000 1200

6 95000 1250
7 93000 1230
8 82000 830

9 75000 770
10 78000 790
11 77000 780

12 75000 760
Find if there is any association between sales of soft drinks and sales of cotton clothes. Also
explain the reason if there is any relationship.
Aim:
To find the relationship between sales of soft drinks and sales of cotton clothes
Statistical Tool Applied
 Correlation

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Procedure:
Step: 1 copy and paste the data in Excel as shown below.

Step :2 select correlation from Data Analysis and click Ok button as shown below

Step:3 A new dialogue box appear with options like Input range, output range etc. Here
give the input range of data to be correlated as shown below. (The range of data B1:C13)

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Step :4 Select any empty cell to display the output, here it is given as F3 as shown below
and click ok button.

Step:5 The output will appear as shown below

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Result :

The diagonal element, the r (correlation coefficient ) value is 0.960353 . This value is close to 1,
which indicates that there is a strong positive correlation between sales of soft drinks and sales of
cotton clothes. Therefore there is an increase in one variable with increase of other variable and
viceversa

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Ex.No:5
Date: Regression Analysis

Question:
Raju is a researcher in ABC Limited. He is working on an assignment to study the
performance of students in exams. He is faced with a situation here ha has to study the
variables causing good or bad performance of students. He studies two casual variables for
performance in the exams and finds them particularly important. These are number of
hour’s studied and intelligence of students. He has the following data

Performance of Number of hours Intelligence

score out of 100 studied per week IQ

90 35 100
70 29 80
82 30 90

72 30 90
79 35 80
85 30 90

81 30 90
84 28 90
74 25 90

80 25 100
95 30 110

83 25 100
75 25 90
85 30 100

94 30 100
Help Raju arrive at the conclusion if there is a casual relationship between performance in
the exam and number of hours studied per week and Intelligence.

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Aim:
To find if there is any casual relationship between performance in the exam and number of
hours studied per week and Intelligence.
Statistical Tool Applied:
 Regression Analysis

Procedure:
Step :1 Copy and paste the data in Excel as shown below.

Step :2 Select Data Analysis from Data tab and then select Regression and click ok button

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Step :3 A new regression dialogue box appear which consist of two input variables indicate
Y & X range. Click on input y range box and select the input data from A5 to A20 ( i.e,
Dependent variable) , then click on input X range box and select the input data from B5 to
C20 ( i.e, Independent variable) and then click label option.

Step : 4 Now select an empty cell in the output range( Here it is selected the E8 cell) to
display the output as shown below and click ok button to display result.

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Step: 5 The output appeared is shown below.

Result:

The R square value is 0.74 which indicate there is a strong relationship (74%)
between the dependent and independent variables. Also the F value is significant
because the corresponding P value is 0.000261325 which is less than 0.05.

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Ex.No:6
Date: Forecasting

Question:
Forecast the output values using Exponential Smoothing method assuming the smoothing
constant (α=0.1) and plot the graph to show both actual and trend values for the data given
below.

Time Actual Output

Yt
1 71
2 70
3 69
4 68

5 64
6 65

7 72
8 78
9 75

10 75
11 75
12 70

Aim:
To forecast the output value using Exponential Smoothing method and plot the graph to
show both actual and trend values for the given data.
Statistical Tool Applied

 Exponential Smoothing method

Procedure:
Step : 1 Copy and paste the given data in Excel Sheet as shown below

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Step :2 In Exponential Smoothing Forecasting method, the first actual value of time 1 is
same for trend value ( here the actual and trend value for time1 is 71).
Step :3 The second trend value for time 2can be calculated by using the formula F 2 = α * Y2
+ (1- α) * F1 and it is shown below.
Where Y2 = actual value of time t2
F1 = forecasted trend value of time 1
Eg: F2 = 0.1*70 + (1-0.1)*71 = 70.9

Step :4 The above process is repeated to identify the trend value for remaining time
periods and the values are shown below.

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Step: 5 The next step is to plot the graph for actual and trend values. For that click insert
tab and Select Scatter by selecting the actual and trend values and the result is shown
below.

Result:

Thus the trend values are obtained using Exponential method and the graph is plotted
with the actual value and trend values .

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Ex.No:7
Date: Forecasting – Extended Experiment -1

Question:

Forecast the sales of umbrella (Y values) using 3 year moving average and plot the graph to
show both the actual and the 3 year moving average values for the data given below.

Year Actual
(Y)
2004 26

2005 27
2006 28
2007 30

2008 29
2009 27

2010 30
2011 31
2012 32

2013 31

Aim :
To find the sales of umbrella (Y values) using 3 year moving average and plot the graph.
Statistical Tool Applied:
 Moving Average Method

Procedure:
Step :1 Copy and paste the given data in Excel as shown below

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Step: 2 the next step is to find 3 yearly moving average for the year 2005. For that take the
average of actual values of year 2004, 2005 & 2006 respectively and it is shown below
3 yearly moving average for the year 2005
= Actual value of year 2004 + Actual value of year 2005+ Actual value of year 2006 / 3
3 yearly moving average for the year 2005= 26+27+28 / 3 = 27

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Step : 3 The above process has been repeated to find 3 yearly moving average for the
remaining value and it is shown below.

Step :4 The next step is to plot actual and 3 yearly moving average value on scatter graph
by selecting Scatter from Insert tab and the result is shown below.

Result:
Thus the sales of umbrella (Y values) is forecasted using 3 year moving average and the
scatter graph is plotted

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Ex.No:8
Date: Risk Analysis and Sensitivity Analysis

Ajay is a financial consultant in ABC Ltd. Ayay has been given the task of deciding whether
they have to take up project A. The initial cash out lay for project A is Rs. 50,000. The cost of
capital is 7%. The cash inflows are shown below.
Year Cash Inflows

1 10000

2 12000

3 15000

4 15000

5 20000

Help Ajay in deciding whether the project should be accepted using NPV. Also perform
sensitivity analysis varying the cost of capital.
Aim:
To check whether the capital investment on the new project is acceptable based on NPV
method. Also to find the range of net present value for different cost of capital.
Satistical Tool Applied:
 What if Analysis

Procedure:
Step : 1 Copy the data to Excel as shown below

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Step:2 NPV is obtained by the formula
=F4 /(1+H3)+F5/(1+H3)^2+F6/(1+H3)^3+F7/(1+H3)^4+F8/(1+H3)^5-C3

Step :3 NPV obtained by this is greater than 0.Thus the project can be accepted.
 Prepare the data as shown below
 Calculate NPV using the formula
=H4/(1+RAND()*E3/100)^1+H5/(1+RAND()*E3/100)^2+H6/(1+RAND()*E3/100)^3
+H7/(1+RAND()*E3/100)^4+H8/(1+RAND()*E3/100)^5
 Calculate cost of capital R% using the formla
=RAND()*E3

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Step: 4 To perform Sensitivity Analysis , Monte Carlo Simulation is used. Generate 1000
numbers for 1000 samples.

Step :5 Now copy the formula for R% and NPV from the values calculated earlier.

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Step : 6 Now generate a 1-way data table for all 1000 samples. Select the three columns for
all 1000 values. Select What – If Analysis from Data tab. Then select Data Table. Enter B16
for Column Input Cell and leave Row Input Cell empty. 1000 values of R% and
corresponding NPV values are generated, as shown below

Step: 7Now the mean NPV value and Standard deviation of NPV are calculated using
=AVERAGE() and =STDEV(), As below

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Result:
Here the NPV >0, thus Project A can be accepted and also range of NPV values are available
for different Cost of Capital. Thus Ajay has required result.

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Ex.No:9
Date: Revenue Management

Question:
Amar is in the marketing department of ABC Ltd. His company has found its customer base
in the market and it has been around seven years in to the market. So far the company had
been running on losses covering only its fixed cost. This was an attempt at penetrating the
market. Now that the company was little confident that it had found a faithful customer
base and making a small profit, it was the time to turn in some healthy profits. So, the
company decided to increase the price of their products. This generally occurs during the
growth stage of the products life cycle.
The fixed cost involved was Rs.2,00,000. The demand was expected to be 2000 units. The
current price was Rs.200 per unit. The unit variable cost was Rs.80. The plan was to price
the product in such a way that company made a good profit.
Amar was approached by the management of ABC Ltd. and was asked for suggestions in
fixing the price. Amar decided to perform a sensitivity analysis for profits with variation in
price and unit variable cost.
Help Amar in fixing the price
Aim:
To find the profitability of the product in different unit cost and price using sensitivity
analysis.
Statistical Tools Applied:
What If – Analysis.
Procedure:
Step:1 Copy the data to Excel as shown below

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Step:2 Enter the formula for Profit =C2*C3-(C5*C2+C6)

Step:3 Select the cells as below

Step:4 Select What- If Analysis and then select Data Table . Enter Row input cells and
Cplumn input cells as below

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Step:5 Now click OK and the output is obtained.

Result:
Amar can now look at the profits over a range of prices and unit variable costs and present
his report to the company management.

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Ex.No:10
Date: Transportation Model

Srikanth is the manager of ABC Logistics. The logistics company has to supply all its goods
from point A,B&C where production facilities are located to points X,Y&Z where
warehouses are located. The cost of transportation, total supplies from each point and total
demand from each point are given below. Srikanth wants the amount of supplies from each
point A,B&C to points X,Y,Z so that total cost is minimum.
X Y Z Supply

A 14 8 3 40

B 9 5 7 80

C 6 12 4 60

Demand 70 60 50

Aim:
To find the minimum cost to transfer goods from source to destination using
Transportation model.

Procedure:
Step:1 Copy and paste the given data in Excel sheet as shown below.

Step :2 Crete one more copy below the actual value with all the cells indicating “0” (dummy
values) expect the supply and demand constraints as shown below.

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Step:3 Leave a blank column and a row between the variable constraints with demand and
supply constraints to find the sum of rows and columns as shown below.

Step:4 Now find the sum total of each row and each column in table indicate with dummy
values such that all the row and column total become zero as shown below.

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Step: 5 Now click a empty cell to find the total cost (i.e , the output) and apply the Sum
Product formula in the selected empty cell such that it includes all the values from table
indicate actual values and table indicate dummy values ( Exclude the supply and demand
constraints from both table) as shown below.

Step:6 Now click Solver from Data Tab , a window appear as shown below.

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Step: 7 Select set target cell as the cell which indicate the output and then click min radio
button (because the problem is minimization) . Now click the option by changing cell and
select a range which includes all the dummy values (Exclude the supply and demand
constraints from table indicate dummy value) and it is shown below.

Step:8 Now click on Add button, a new dialogue box appear

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Step:9 In the Add Constraints dialogue box select the range of dummy values in cell
reference box and then select the >= symbol and give “0” in constraints box the click ok it
will appear as shown below.

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Step:10 Again click the add button to give the remaining constraints as shown below

Step: 11 Now click the option button and select Assume Non Negative Box and then click ok
button. The solver window will appear click solver the output will display as shown below.

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Result :

Thus the given data is solved using transportation model to find the minimum cost.

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Ex.No:11
Date: Assignment Model

Question:
Sanjay is a project manager in ABC Ltd .He has 3 engineers A,B and C (human resources)
working under him .He has three modules X,Y and Z in his project. He has to assign each
engineer to only one modules so that total cost of finishing the project is minimum. The
costs in rupees involved when each module is assigned to each engineer are given below
Modules
X Y Z
Engineers A 1300 1400 1000
B 1100 1600 1500

C 1700 1200 900

Aim:
To find the minimum cost to complete the task using Assignment model.
Procedure:
Step:1 Copy and paste the given data in Excel sheet as shown below.

Step :2 Crete one more copy below the actual value with all the cells indicating “0” (dummy
values) and assign all the supply and demand constraints value as 1 and it is shown below.

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Step:3 Leave a blank column and a row between the variable constraints with demand and
supply constraints to find the sum of rows and columns as shown below

Step:4 Now find the sum total of each row and each column in table indicate with dummy
values such that all the row and column total become zero as shown below.
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Step: 5 Now click a empty cell to find the total cost (i.e , the output) and apply the Sum
Product formula in the selected empty cell such that it includes all the values from table
indicate actual values and table indicate dummy values ( Exclude the supply and demand
constraints from both table) as shown below.

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Step:6 Now click Solver from Data Tab , a window appear as shown below.

Step: 7 Select set target cell as the cell which indicate the output and then click min radio
button (because the problem is minimization) . Now click the option by changing cell and
select a range which includes all the dummy values (Exclude the supply and demand
constraints from table indicate dummy value) and it is shown below.

Step:8 Now click on Add button, a new dialogue box appear

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Amrita College of Engineering and Technology-Department of Management Studies
Step: 9 In the Add Constraints dialogue box select the range of dummy values in cell
reference box and then select the >= symbol and give “0” in constraints box the click ok it
will appear as shown below.

Step:10 Again click the add button to give the remaining constraints as shown below

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Step: 11 Now click the option button and select Assume Non Negative Box and then click ok
button. The solver window will appear click solver the output will display as shown below.

Result:
Thus the three modules are assigned to human resources to complete the task in minimum
cost.

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Amrita College of Engineering and Technology-Department of Management Studies
Ex.No:12
Date: Net Working Model

Balu is the project manager in IT firm. The details of activities in the project ABC are
represented in the below table.
Schedule of a Project

Project ABC

Current Date 05-Jan-15

Task Start Date End date Days Days Remaining

Completed
A 01-Jan-14 02-Jul-15 369 178
B 01-Mar-14 02-Sep-15 310 240

C 01-May-14 02-Nov-15 249 301

D 02-Jun-14 02-Jan-16 217 362
E 15-Jun-14 15-Jan-16 204 375

Help Balu prepare a Gant chart for the above project which would help him to plan and
schedule the activities in the project

Aim:
To prepare Gantt chart to schedule the task
Staistical Tool Applied:
Procedure:
Step:1 Copy the data to Excel as shown below

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Now select Task and Start Date columns and add a Stacked bar chart using Insert tab and
select Stacked bar chart from the list of charts. It is shown below

Step:2 Right click on an empty space in the chart and select Select Data. Following Dialog
Box appears

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Amrita College of Engineering and Technology-Department of Management Studies
Step:3 Click Add button under Legend entries (Series). Following dialog appears.

Step:4 In the series name , select the cell Days completed. For series values, select the cell
range under the column, as below

Step: 5 Click OK. The Days Completed column is added to the bar chart.

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Step: 6 Similarly add Days remaining column in the bar chart

Step: 7 Now click OK. It can be seen that the details are updated in the bar chart

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Step: 8 Right click on any one task’s bar Start date part and select Format Data Series.
Following dialog box appears

Step :9 Click Fill and Click No Fill radio buttons. Click Close.

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Step : 10 Now to arrange the tasks of time, right click on any Task on the axis and select
Format Axis
 Now check the categories in reverse order
 Click Close

Result :

Thus Balu has his Gantt chart ready, which he can use to schedule his tasks.

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Ex.No:13
Date: Queuing Theory

Question:
A TV service station has a service rate of 25 TVs per hour. The TVs are found to arrive at
rate of 20 TVs per hour to the service station .Find the average number in line and in queue.
Aim:
To find the average number of customers in line and in queue for TV service.
Statistical Tool Applied:
 Queuing Theory

Procedure:
Step: 1 Enter the values of average Arrival Rate (λ) (in per second from per hour) and
average Service Rate (µ) (in per second from per hour) in Excel.

Step: 2 Average number of customers in line can be identified by the formula

= Arrival Rate * Arrival Rate / (Service Rate *(Service Rate – Arrival Rate).

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Step: 3 Press Enter. The output is obtained.

Step 4: Average no. in a system is found by entering the following formula

=Average no. of line +Arrival Rate/ Service Rate.

Step 5: Press Enter. The output is obtained

Result:
Thus the given data is solved by using queuing theory.

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Ex.No:14
Date: Inventory Theory

Question:
A store sells 5000 phones per year .An ordering cost of ₹ 10 per order is involved. The
holding cost the phone is found to be ₹ 20 per unit per year. How large an order the store
should make? Also calculate the total cost.
Aim:
To find size of order in the store and also to calculate the total cost.
Statistical Tool Applied:

 Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)

Procedure:
Step: 1 Enter the data in Excel.

Step: 2 Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) is calculated by using the formula

=SQRT (2*Demand per year* Ordering cost per order / Holding cost per unit per year)

Step: 3 Press Enter. The output is obtained.

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Step 4: By using above data ordering cost is calculated.

Step 5: Press Enter. The output is obtained

Step 6: By using above data holding cost is calculated.

Step7: Press Enter. The output is obtained

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Step 8: By using above data total cost is calculated.

Step9: Press Enter. The output is obtained

Result:
Through the given data we can see that the EOQ is approximately 70 phones and Total cost
is ₹ 1414.20

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