Retaining wall design parameters

DATA
HFL = 111.800 m
Groundlevel = 106.300 m
Lake Bed Level = 103.000 m
Water level of lake = 105.700 m
Floor level of platform = 105.250 m
top level of Diaphragm wall = 104.000 m
top level of Diaphragm wall D1 = 106.300 m
Discharge 'Q' = 150000 cusec

= 4247.527 cumec
Bed Width 'B' = 389.5 m
Silt factor 'f' = 0.8
Scour calculation
Q = 4247.527 cumec
Increasing 20% for concentration of flow
1.2*Q = 5097.032 cumec
q= 13.08609
Normal scour R = 1.35*(q2/f)1/3
= 8.075642 m
Probable max scour = 1.5*R = 12.113 m
Scour Level = 99.687 m
Thickness of stone pitching 't' = 0.06*Q1/3
= 1m
Launching Apron
In earth side of Diaphragm wall D1

Scour below ground level 'D' = 6.613 say 7.000 m
Providing width of Launching Apron = 1.5 *D
= 10.5 m
Thickness of launching apron = 1.5 m
Provide 600x600x600 mm cement concrete block over 1.0m thick layer of stone in
a length of 10.0m
In lake side of Diaphragm wall D1

Scour below ground level = 3.313 say 3.300 m
Providing width of Launching Apron = 2.25 *D
= 7.425 m say 7.5 m
Thickness of launching apron = 1.0 m
Design of retaining wall
μ = coefficient of friction 0.45
Angle of internal friction ф (foundation) = 30 ° 0.524 rad
Angle of internal friction ф (backfill ) = 30 ° 0.524 rad
Coefficient of active earth pres (1-Sinф)/(1+Sinф)= 0.33 backfill
Coefficient of passive earth pr (1+Sinф)/(1-Sinф)= 3 foundation
Unit Weight of Surcharge(t/m^3)= 1.00
Equivalent Surcharge (m) = 0.45
Uinit weight of water(t/m^3)= 1.00
Saturated unit Weight of backfill(t/m^3)= 1.9
Submersed unit weight of backfill=1.9-1= 0.9
Unit weight of R.C.C.(t/m^3)= 2.50
Unit weight of P.C.C.(t/m^3)= 2.50
Providing foundation depth (m)= 1.00
Thickness of stem at top (m) = 0.40
Thickness of stem at base (m) = 0.40
Thickness of base slab (m) = 0.45
width of toe slab (m) = 0.50
width of heel slab (m) = 1.80
total height of retaining wall (m) = 3.250
total width of base slab (m) = 2.7
Top level of wall (m) = 105.250
H.F.L. of river (m) = 111.450
Bed level of lake (m) = 103.000
Foundation level (m) = 102.000
Top level of base slab (m) = 102.450
Ground level (m) = 106.300
Water level in lake in working condition (m) = 105.700
CONDITION :- Normal condition (working condition)
Water depth = 2.700 m.

water level in water face = 105.700 m.
water level in earth face = 105.700 m.
105.700
Diagram of proposed retaining wall
105.250 w3
w1 0.000
3.250 w4 2.800
103.000
3.25 3.250
w5
102.450
0.450 m.
102.000 w2
0.40 m.
0.50 m. 1.80 m.
2.70 m.
2.70
3.700 12 3.700
13 0.000
Uplift presure
105.700
0.450
105.250
14
15
3.250
3.700 16
17
102.000
Earth pressure
105.700 105.700
3.700
3.700
102 102
water pressure in drain side water pressure in earth side
NO DETAIL Vertical Horizontal Lever arm MSTAB MDESTAB

(t) (t) (m) (t-m) (t-m)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
(A) Retaining wall
1 0.4*2.8*2.5= 0.5+0.4/2=
2.8 0.7 1.96
2 2.7*0.45*2.5= 2.7/2=
3.04 1.35 4.1
TOTAL (A) 5.84 6.06
C.O.G. of (A)= 6.06/5.84= 1.04
(B) Soil mass including surcharge

(t) (t) (m) (t-m) (t-m)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
3 0.5+1.1=
2.2*0.45*1=
0.99 1.60 1.580
4 1.8*2.8*1.9= 0.5+0.4+0.9=
9.576 1.80 17.24
TOTAL (B) 10.57 18.82
C.O.G. of (B)= 18.82/10.57= 1.78
(C) Water in drain side

5 0.5*3.25*1= 0.5/2=
1.63 0.25 0.41
TOTAL (C) 1.63 0.41
(D) Uplift
6 2.7*3.7= 2.7/2=
-9.99 1.35 13.49
7 0.5*2.7*0= 2.7*2/3=
0 1.80 0.00
TOTAL (D) -9.99 13.49
(E) Earth pressure ( Horizontal)
9 0.50.33*0.9*3.25*3.25= 3.25/3=
1.57 1.08 1.7
TOTAL (E) 1.57 1.7

(F) Water pressure (horizontal)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
18 0.5*1*3.7*3.7 3.7/3=
6.85 1.23 8.43
19 0.5*1*3.7*3.7= 3.7/3=
-6.85 1.23 -8.43
Total (F) 0.00 0 0
GRAND TOTAL ∑P = 8.05 ∑H = 1.57 25.29 15.19
xbar = (∑M / ∑P) = (25.29-15.19)/8.05

= 1.255 m. drain side Earth fill side
e= (b/2) - xbar xbar e
e' is +ve when xbar is < (b/2).It means eccentricity is towards drain side.
e' is -ve when xbar is > (b/2).It means eccentricity is towards earth fill side.
b/2= 1.350 m.
e = 1.35-1.255= 0.095 m.
Stress
Stress = (∑P/A)*(1±6*e/b)
8.05/2.7(1+6*(0.095)/2.7)and 8.05/2.7(1-6*(0.095)/2.7)
Pressure in the drain side = 3.61 t/m2

Pressures in the earthfill side = 2.35 t/m2
FOS against overturning = 0.9*Mstab/Mdestab

= 0.9*25.29/15.19
= 1.5
FOS against sliding = 0.9*μ*∑P/∑H
= 2.08 > 1.4
Hence O.K.
μ = coefficient of friction 0.45
Angle of internal friction ф (foundation) = 30 ° 0.524 rad
Angle of internal friction ф (backfill ) = 30 ° 0.524 rad
Coefficient of active earth pres (1-Sinф)/(1+Sinф)= 0.33 backfill
Coefficient of passive earth pre(1+Sinф)/(1-Sinф)= 3 foundation
Unit Weight of Surcharge(t/m^3)= 1.80
Equivalent Surcharge (m) = 1.20
Uinit weight of water(t/m^3)= 1.00
Saturated unit Weight of backfill(t/m^3)= 1.9
Submersed unit weight of backfill=1.9-1= 0.9
Unit weight of R.C.C.(t/m^3)= 2.50
Unit weight of P.C.C.(t/m^3)= 2.50
Providing foundation depth (m)= 1.00
Thickness of stem at top (m) = 0.40
Thickness of stem at base (m) = 0.40
Thickness of base slab (m) = 0.45
width of toe slab (m) = 0.50
width of heel slab (m) = 2.00
total height of retaining wall (m) = 3.250
total width of base slab (m) = 2.9
Top level of wall (m) = 105.250
H.F.L. of river (m) = 111.450
Bed level of lake (m) = 103.000
Foundation level (m) = 102.000
Top level of base slab (m) = 102.450
Ground level (m) = 106.300
Water level in lake in working condition (m) = 105.700
CONDITION :- Backfill is saturated and water level is at the bed level of lake
Water depth = 0.000 m.

105.250 w3
w1 1.500
3.250 w4 2.800
103.000
0.55 1.750
w5
102.450
0.450 m.
102.000 w2
0.40 m.
0.50 m. 2.00 m.
2.90 m.
2.90
1.000 12 1.000
13 0.750
Uplift presure
105.250
1.500 14
15
3.250 103.750
1.750 16
17
102.000
Earth pressure
103.000 103.750
1.750
1.000
102 102

(t) (t) (m) (t-m) (t-m)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
(A) Retaining wall
1 0.4*2.8*2.5= 0.5+0.4/2=
2.8 0.7 1.96
2 2.9*0.45*2.5= 2.9/2=
3.26 1.45 4.73
TOTAL (A) 6.06 6.69
C.O.G. of (A)= 6.69/6.06= 1.1

(t) (t) (m) (t-m) (t-m)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
3 0.5+0.4+1=
2*1.2*1.8=
4.32 1.90 8.210
4 2*2.8*1.9= 0.5+0.4+1=
10.64 1.90 20.22
TOTAL (B) 14.96 28.43
C.O.G. of (B)= 28.43/14.96= 1.9

5 0.5*0.55*1= 0.5/2=
0.28 0.25 0.07
TOTAL (C) 0.28 0.07
(D) Uplift
6 2.9*1= 2.9/2=
-2.9 1.45 4.21
7 0.5*2.9*0.75= 2.9*2/3=
-1.09 1.93 2.11
TOTAL (D) -3.99 6.32
8 0.33*1.8*1.2*3.25= 3.25/2=
2.32 1.63 3.78
9 0.50.33*1.9*1.5*1.5= 1.75+1.5/3=
0.71 2.25 1.6
10 0.33*1.9*1.5*1.75= 1.75/2=
1.65 0.88 1.45
11 0.5*0.33*0.9*1.75*1.75= 1.75/3=
0.45 0.58 0.26
TOTAL (E) 5.13 7.09

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
18 0.5*1*1.75*1.75 1.75/3=
1.53 0.58 0.89
19 0.5*1*1*1= 1/3=
-0.5 0.33 0.17
Total (F) 1.03 0.17 0.89
GRAND TOTAL ∑P = 17.31 ∑H = 6.16 35.36 14.30
xbar = (∑M / ∑P) = (35.36-14.3)/17.31

b/2= 1.450 m.
e = 1.45-1.217= 0.233 m.
Stress
17.31/2.9(1+6*(0.233)/2.9)and 17.31/2.9(1-6*(0.233)/2.9)


= 0.9*35.36/14.3
= 2.23
FOS against sliding = 0.9*μ*∑P/∑H
= 1.14 < 1.4
Hence shear key is required
Distribution of soil pressure below base
0.50 0.40 2.00

8.85 3.09
7.86 7.06
Providing a shear key of size 0.4 x 0.4 m at a distance of 0.9 m

from the toe
F = Kp*ϒs*[ (h1+a)2 - h12 ]/2 + μs*Rtoe + μRheel
Kp = 3
ϒs = 0.9
h1 = 0.70
μs = 0.578
μ = 0.45
F = 9.677
Fs = 6.16
Factor of safety against sliding = 0.9*9.677/6.16 = 1.414
Taking moment of horizontal forces about cetre of cross section of stem at base
surcharge = 0.33*1.2*1.8*2.8*2.8/2 = 2.794176 tm
Saturated earth = 0.5*0.33*1.9*1.5*1.5*(1.3+1.5/3) = 1.269675 tm
Saturated earth = 1.0*0.33*1.9*1.5*1.3*1.3/2 = 0.7947225 tm
water pressure = 0.5*1.3*1.3*1.3/3 = 0.3661667 tm
water pressure = -0.5*0.55*0.55*0.55/3 = -0.027729 tm
5.197011 tm
EARTHQUAKE CONSIDERATION
Proposed structure is situated in zone III for earth quake design consideration.
As per clause 3.4.2.3(a) of IS 1893:1984
αh = β I α0
β = a coefficient depending upon the soil foundation system
= 1 for Raft foundation from table 3
= 1.2 for piles not covered under col 3of table3 and type III soft soils
I = Importance factor from table 4.
= 1
α0 = basic horizontal seismic coefficient
= 0.05
Raft foundation
αh = 1*1*0.05
= 0.050
αv = αh/2 = 0.025
Pile foundation
αh = 1.2*1*0.05
= 0.060
αv = αh/2 = 0.03
For structure in zone IV

R.C.C R.C.C sub structure
super structure Pier & abutment
without ductile detailing
Z 0.16 0.016
I 1 1
R 2 2.5
Sa/g 2.5 2.5
Ah 0.1 0.008
Av 0.067 0.005
Active earth pressure coefficient computation
Pa = 1/2* w * h2 *Ca
Where Pa = active earth pressure in kg/m3
w= unit wt.of soil in kg./m3
h= height of wall in m, and
Ca=
(1± αv ) cos2 (ф - λ - α )
x
cos λ cos2α cos ( δ + α + λ )
2
1
1+ { sin (ф + δ ) sin (ф - i - λ )
cos ( α - i ) cos ( δ + α + λ )
} 1/2
where
αv = vertical seismic coefficient
ф = angle of internal friction of soil
λ = tan-1( αh / ( 1 ± αV ) )
α = angle which earth face of the wall makes with the vertical
i = slope of earth fill
δ = angle of friction between the wall and the earthfill
αh = horizontal seismic coefficient.
here
αh = 0.008 for raft ,
αv = 0.005 for raft ,
ф = 30 deg 0.524 rad

for raft λ = 0.00796 rad , with +ve sign 0.008 rad , with -ve sign.
α = 0 deg , 0 rad
i = 0 rad
δ = ф *2/3 = 20 degree, ### rad
ws = 1.9 t/m2
for raft Ca = 0.30372 , with +ve sign & 0.300747 , with -ve sign
Ca = 0.3037 adopting greater value for design
When αh = αv
=λ = 0
Ka = 0.297309 , with +ve sign & 0.29731 , with -ve sign
Ka = 0.2973 adopting greater value for design
For submersed earth fill
λ = tan-1( αh / ( 1± αV )*( ws / (ws - 1 ) )
where
ws = saturated unit wt. of soil in gm/cc,
hence
for raft λ = 0.0168 rad, with +ve sign 0.017 rad, with -ve sign
for pile 0 rad, with +ve sign 0 rad, with -ve sign
submersed δ = δ / 2 for dry earth fill = ### rad
hence
for raft Ca' = 0.320049 , with +ve sign & 0.316967 , with -ve sign
Ca' = 0.32 adopting greater value for design
for pile Ca = 0.308459 , with +ve sign & 0.308459 , with -ve sign
Ca = 0.3085 adopting greater value for design
When αh = αv =λ = 0
K'a = 0.308459 , with +ve sign & 0.30846 , with -ve sign
K'a = 0.3085 adopting greater value for design
h = 6.853 m
h' = 5.673 m Lateral dynamic increment/ef -
h-h' = 1.18 m fective pressure
8
h'/h = 0.827813
Ka = 0.2973
7
Ka' = 0.3085
3*(Ca-Ka) = 0.0192
3*(Ca'-K'a) = 0.0345 6
3*(Ca-Ka)*h'/h = 0.015894
3*(Ca'-K'a)*h'/h = 0.02856
5
q = 2.16 t
ws = 2 t/m3
4
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
For structure in zone IV
R.C.C R.C.C sub structure
super structure Pier & abutment
without ductile detailing
Z 0.24 0.24
I 1 1
R 2 2.5
Sa/g 2.5 2.5
Ah 0.150 0.120
Av 0.1 0.080
Distance of centreline of Bridge from end of pucca floor = 40.675 m
fsl of Parent channel = 237.32 m
hgl in bank at c/l of bridge = 237.32 m

Bank level = 238.5 m
Level of centre of raft = 231.647 m
h = 6.853 m
h' = 5.673 m
x y
0 5.673
0.0192 5.673
0.015894 5.673
0.0285595 5.673
0.0192 6.853
0.015894 5.673
0 6.853
0.0192 6.853
0 0
0.0285595 5.673
hx/(h-h') depth e press dy in/ep dy in in force l arm
m t/m2 t/m2 t m
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0.00 0.000 2.160 0.019 0.041
0.10 0.118 2.396 0.019 0.045 0.005 6.793
0.20 0.236 2.632 0.019 0.049 0.006 6.675
0.30 0.354 2.868 0.018 0.052 0.006 6.557
0.40 0.472 3.104 0.018 0.055 0.006 6.439
0.50 0.590 3.340 0.018 0.059 0.007 6.321
0.60 0.708 3.576 0.017 0.062 0.007 6.204
0.70 0.826 3.812 0.017 0.064 0.007 6.086
0.80 0.944 4.048 0.017 0.067 0.008 5.968
0.90 1.062 4.284 0.016 0.070 0.008 5.850
1.00 1.180 4.520 0.016 0.072 0.008 5.732
Total 0.068 Total
Total Force = 0.586 t
Total Moment = 2.240 tm
Moment hx/(h-h') depth e press dy in/ep dy in in force l arm Moment
tm m t/m2 t/m2 t m tm
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
0 0.000 4.520 0.029 0.129
0.035 0.10 0.567 5.087 0.026 0.131 0.074 5.389 0.397
0.037 0.20 1.135 5.655 0.023 0.129 0.074 4.823 0.356
0.039 0.30 1.702 6.222 0.020 0.124 0.072 4.257 0.306
0.041 0.40 2.269 6.789 0.017 0.116 0.068 3.691 0.252
0.043 0.50 2.837 7.357 0.014 0.105 0.063 3.125 0.196
0.044 0.60 3.404 7.924 0.011 0.091 0.055 2.560 0.142
0.045 0.70 3.971 8.491 0.009 0.073 0.046 1.996 0.092
0.046 0.80 4.538 9.058 0.006 0.052 0.035 1.434 0.051
0.047 0.90 5.106 9.626 0.003 0.027 0.022 0.880 0.020
0.048 1.00 5.673 10.193 0.000 0.000 0.008 0.378 0.003
0.425 Total 0.518 Total 1.815
Grade of Concrete M 25
Grade of steel FE 415
σcbc = 8.5 N/mm2
σst = 184 N/mm2
m = 280/(3*σcbc) = 10.98
Kbal = mσcbc/(mσcbc+σst) = 0.337
J = 1- K/3 = 0.888
R = 1/2*σcbc*j*K = 1.27
Design Moment = 5.197 tm

Providing 16 mm dia bar at 200 c/c spacing
Area of one bar = 201.1429 mm2
Ast = 1005.714 mm2
D = 450
d = 412
p = Ast/b/d*100 = 0.244105
pmin = 0.85/fy*100 = 0.204819
k = (2*pm+(pm)2)1/2-pm = 0.206275
J = 1- K/3 = 0.931
R = 1/2*σcbc*j*K = 0.816
Mallowable = 13.86 tm > 5.20 tm Hence O.K.
d (M/Rb) 1/2
= 202.303 mm < 412 mm Hence O.K.
Distribution Reinforcement
Providing 16 mm dia bar
Spacing = 238.4
provide spacing = 225
Shear Reinforcement
τv = V/bd
Shear force at d distance from support
Surcharge = =
Earth fill = =
V = 0.00 tm
τv = 0
τc = 0.228232
Shear reinforcement is not required
Water Face
Provide
16 mm dia bar at 200 mm c/c spacing
S.N PARTICULARS VALUE UNIT COMMENT
1 μ=coefficient of friction 0.45
Angle of internal friction ф (foundation) = 30 Degree 0.524 rad
Angle of internal friction ф (backfill ) = 30 Degree 0.524 rad
Coefficient of active earth pressure=(1-Sinф)/(1+Sinф)= 0.33 backfill
Coefficient of passive earth pressure=(1+Sinф)/(1-Sinф)= 3 foundation
Unit Weight of Surcharge(t/m^3)= 1.80 Ton/M^3
Equivalent Surcharge (m) = 1.20 Meter
Uinit weight of water(t/m^3)= 1.00 Ton/M^3
Saturated unit Weight of backfill(t/m^3)= 1.9 Ton/M^3
Submersed unit weight of backfill=1.9-1= 0.9 Ton/M^3
Unit weight of R.C.C.(t/m^3)= 2.50 Ton/M^3
Unit weight of P.C.C.(t/m^3)= 2.50 Ton/M^4
Providing foundation depth (m)= 1.00 Meter
Thickness of stem at top (m) = 0.20 Meter
Thickness of stem at base (m) = 0.30 Meter
Thickness of base slab (m) = 0.30 Meter
Width of toe slab (m) = 0.50 Meter
Width of heel slab (m) = 2.00 Meter
Total height of retaining wall (m) = 3.250 Meter
Total width of base slab (m) = 2.8 Meter
Provide shear key of Depth 0.5 Meter
Splay portion in shear key (V:H) 1 Meter
Thickness of shear key 0.75 Meter
Location of Key from toe 0 Meter
Top level of wall 105.250 Meter
H.F.L. of river 111.800 Meter
Bed level of lake 103.000 Meter
Foundation level (m) = 102.000 Meter
Top level of base slab (m) = 102.300 Meter
Ground level (m) = 106.300 Meter
Water level in lake in working condition (m) = 105.700 Meter
Concrete Block Thickness 0.300 Meter
Drainage filter provided on earth side of wall yes Select Condition
Level of earth overburden (away from earth side) 102.45 Meter
Structural Response Factors ( Sa/g ) 1
As per IRC-6 Page no
Response Reduction factor 1 53
Importance Factor (I) 1 guideline
Zone Factor (Z) 0.16 As lucknow fall in Zone III
Design horizontal seismic coefficient (αh) 0.08

Design horizontal seismic coefficient (αv) 0.04 As per IS1893-1984 Page-47
Angle which earth face of the wall makes with the vertical (α ) 0 Degree 0 Radian
Slope of Back Fill(i) 0 Degree 0 Radian
λ 0.083141
λ' 0.076772
Ca 0.367151
Slope of Back fill on water side( i1) 0
Slope angle of wall from vertical towards 0 Degree
water side/toe side(α2 )
Passive earth pressure coefficient 0.334391
Select the Condition Cond.-1 Lake Empty

Cond.-1 Lake Empty
Water depth = 0.000 m. Assuming lake is emptied

105.250 w3
w6
1.500
w1
3.250 w4
w4 2.950
103.000 1.750
0.70
w5
102.300
w2 0.300 m
102.000
w7 w8
m.
0.50 0.20 2.00 m. ```
2.70 m.
2.70
1.000 12 1.000
13 0.750
Uplift presure
105.250
Pw3 104.950
5
1.500
6 7
3.250 Pw4 103.750
Pw6 8
1.750 Pw4'
9
Pp1 Pw5 102.000
Earth pressure
103.000 105.250
3.250
1.000
102.000 102.000

(t) (t) (m) (t-m) (t-m)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
(A) Retaining wall
0.2*2.95*2.5= 0.5+0.2/2=
1 w1 1.48 0.89
0.6
2.8*0.3*2.5= 2.8/2=
2 w2 2.1 2.94
1.4
3 w7 0.94 0.3515625
0.375
4 w8 0.313 0.286
0.917
TOTAL (A) 4.83 4.47
C.O.G. of (A)= 4.47/4.83= 0.93

(t) (t) (m) (t-m) (t-m)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2*1.2*1.8= 0.5+0.2+1=
5 w3 4.32
1.70 7.340
6 w6 1.5
1.8 2.700
7
2*2.95*1.9= 0.5+0.2+1=
6
11.21 1.50 16.82
TOTAL (B) 15.53 24.16
C.O.G. of (B)= 24.16/15.53= 1.56
Earthquake Forces
(t) (t) (m) (t-m) (t-m)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 On w1 0 0 0.65 1.425 0 0
On Water in
0 0 1.8 2 0 0
Hell side
2 On w3 0.1728 0.3456 1.70 3.85 0.29376 1.33056
3 w4 0.19 0.3816 1.70 1.625 0.32436 0.6201
4 w6 0.036 0.072 1.700 3.1 0.061 0.2232

TOTAL (A) 0.40 0.7992 0.68 2.174
C.O.G. of (A)= 0.68/0.3996= 1.7
5 0.5*0.7*1= 0.5/2=
0.35 0.25 0.09
TOTAL (C) 0.35 0.09
(D) Uplift
6 2.8*1= 2.8/2=
-2.7 1.35 3.65
7 0.5*2.8*0.75= 2.8*2/3=
-1.05 1.87 1.96
TOTAL (D) -3.75 5.61

8 Pw3 0.33*1.8*1.2*= 3.25/2=
2.32 1.63 3.78
9 0.5*0.33*1.9*1.2*1.2= +/3=
Pw4
0.45 0 0
Pw6
4.868 1.475 7.1795625
10 0.33*1.9*1.2*1.75= 1.75/2=
Pw4'
1.32 0.88 1.16
11 0.5*0.33*0.9*1.75*1.75= 1.75/3=
Pw5
0.45 0.58 0.26
TOTAL (E) 4.54 5.2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
18 0.5*1*3.25*3.25 3.25/3=
5.28 1.08 5.7
19 0.5*1*1*1= 1/3=
-0.5 0.33 -0.17
Total (F) 0.00 0 0
GRAND TOTAL ∑P = 16.96 ∑H= 4.54 28.72 10.81
xbar = (∑M / ∑P) = (28.72-10.81)/16.96

b/2= 1.350 m.
e = 1.35-1.056= 0.294 m.
Stress
16.96/2.7(1+6*(0.294)/2.7)and 16.96/2.7(1-6*(0.294)/2.7)


= 0.9*28.72/10.81
= 2.39
FOS against sliding = 0.9*μ=coefficient of friction*∑P/∑H
= 1.51 < 1.4
No shear key needed
0.50 0.30 2.00

10.39 2.18
8.87 7.96
Providing a shear key of size 0.8 x 0.5 m at a distance of 0 m From toe
Passive Shear Force Pp 1.89

Total Force against Sliding 11.305733
F.O.S against sliding 2.5
Factor of safety against sliding = 0.9*/ = ###

17.03
R
Select the Condition Cond.-1 Lake Empty
Angle of friction between wal and earthdfill 20 Degree 0.349 rad
Structural Response Factors ( Sa/g ) 1
As per IRC-6 Page no
Response Reduction factor 1 53
Importance Factor (I) 1 guideline
Zone Factor (Z) 0.16 As lucknow fall in Zone III
Design horizontal seismic coefficient (αh) 0.08

Design horizontal seismic coefficient (αv) 0.04 As per IS1893-1984 Page-47
Angle which earth face of the wall makes with the vertical (α ) 0 Degree 0 Radian
Slope of Back Fill(i) 0 Degree 0 Radian
λ 0.083141
λ' 0.076772
Ca 0.367151
Slope of Back fill on water side( i1) 0
Slope angle of wall from vertical towards 0 Degree
water side/toe side(α2 )
Passive earth pressure coefficient 0.334391
Earthquake analyis No
Earthquake wave Direction up
Cond.-1 Lake Empty

103.00 103.750
1.500
105.250 w3
w6
w1
3.250 w4
w4 2.800
103.000
0.55
w5
102.450
w2 0.450 m
102.000
w7 w8
m.
0.50 0.30 2.00 m. ```
2.80 m.
2.80
1.0 12 1.000
13 0.00
Uplift presure
103.00 103.750
1.500 105.250
Pw3 104.950
Pae
1.750 3.250 Pw4
Pw6 Pw4'
Pp1 Pw5' 102.000

Earth pressure
103.000 105.250
3.250
1.000
102.000 102.000

(t) (t) (m) (t-m) (t-m)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
(A) Retaining wall
0.3*2.8*2.5= 0.5+0.3/2=
1 w1 2.1 1.37
0.65
2.8*0.45*2.5= 2.8/2=
2 w2 3.15 4.41
1.4
3 w7 1.00 0.4
0.4
4 w8 0.313 0.967 0.302
TOTAL (A) 6.56 6.48

C.O.G. of (A)= 6.48/6.56= 0.99

(t) (t) (m) (t-m) (t-m)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2*1.2*1.8= 0.5+0.3+1=
5 w3 4.32
1.80 7.780
6 w6 1.5
1.8 2.700
7
2*2.8*1.9= 0.5+0.3+1=
6
10.64 1.50 15.96
TOTAL (B) 14.96 23.74
C.O.G. of (B)= 23.74/14.96= 1.59
5 0.5*0.55*1= 0.5/2=
0.28 0.25 0.07
TOTAL (C) 0.28 0.07
(D) Uplift
6 2.8*1= 2.8/2=
-2.8 1.4 3.92
7 0.5*2.8*0= 2.8*2/3=
0 1.87 0.00
TOTAL (D) -2.8 3.92

8 Pw3 0.33*1.8*1.2*= 2.32 1.625 3.77
1.625 0
9 0.45 +/3=
Pw4
0 2.25 0
4.868
Pw6
1.475 7.1795625
10 0.33*1.9*1.2*1.75= 1.75/2=
Pw4'
1.32 0.88 1.16
11 0.5*0.33*0.9*1.75*1.75= 1.75/3=
Pw5
0.45 0.58 0.26
TOTAL (E) 1.77 1.42

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
18 0.5*1*3.25*3.25 3.25/3=
5.28 1.08 5.7
19 0.5*1*1*1= 1/3=
-0.5 0.33 -0.17
Total (F) 0.00 0 0
Earthquake Forces
(t) (t) (m) (t-m) (t-m)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 On w1 0 0 0.65 1.575 0 0
2 On w3 0.1728 0.3456 1.80 3.85 0.31104 1.33056
3 On w4 0.18 0.36 1.80 1.7 0.324 0.612
4 w6 0.036 0.072 1.800 3.1 0.065 0.2232
TOTAL (A) 0.39 0.7776 0.7 2.166

C.O.G. of (A)= 0.7/0.3888= 1.8
GRAND TOTAL ∑P = 19.00 ∑H= 1.77 30.29 5.34
xbar = (∑M / ∑P) = (30.29-5.34)/19

b/2= 1.400 m.
e = 1.4-1.313= 0.087 m.
Stress
19/2.8(1+6*(0.087)/2.8)and 19/2.8(1-6*(0.087)/2.8)


= 0.9*30.29/5.34
= 5.11
= 4.35 < 1.4
No shear key needed
0.50 0.30 2.00

8.05 5.52
7.6 7.33

Factor of safety against sliding = 0.9*/ = ###

A
CONDITION 1 - Backfill is saturated and water level is at the bed level of lake

105.250 w3
w6
1.500
w1
3.250 w4
w4 2.800
103.000 1.750
0.55
w5
102.450
w2 0.450 m
102.000
w7 w8
m.
0.50 0.30 2.00 m. ```
2.80 m.
2.80
1.000 12 1.000
13 0.750
Uplift presure
105.250
Pw3 104.950
5
1.500
6 7
3.250 Pw4 103.750
Pw6 8
1.750 Pw4'
9
Pp1 Pw5 102.000
Earth pressure
103.000 105.250
3.250
1.000
102.000 102.000

(t) (t) (m) (t-m) (t-m)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
(A) Retaining wall
0.3**2.5= 0.5+0.3/2=
1 w1 2.1 1.37
0.65
2.8*0.45*2.5= 2.8/2=
2 w2 3.15 4.41
1.4
3 w7 1.00 0.4
0.4
4 w8 0.313 0.302
0.967
TOTAL (A) 6.56 6.48
C.O.G. of (A)= 6.48/6.56= 0.99

(t) (t) (m) (t-m) (t-m)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2*1.2*1.8= 0.5+0.3+1=
5 w3 4.32
1.80 7.780
6 w6 1.5
1.8 2.700
7
2*2.8*1.9= 0.5+0.3+1=
6
10.64 1.50 15.96
TOTAL (B) 14.96 23.74
C.O.G. of (B)= 23.74/14.96= 1.59

5 0.5*0.55*1= 0.5/2=
0.28 0.25 0.07
TOTAL (C) 0.28 0.07
(D) Uplift
6 2.8*1= 2.8/2=
-2.8 1.4 3.92
7 0.5*2.8*0.75= 2.8*2/3=
-1.05 1.87 1.96
TOTAL (D) -3.85 5.88
8 Pw3 0.33*1.8*1.2*= 3.25/2=
2.32 1.63 3.78
9 0.5*0.33*1.9*1.2*1.2= +/3=
Pw4
0.45 0 0
Pw6
4.868 1.475 7.1795625
10 0.33*1.9*1.2*1.75= 1.75/2=
Pw4'
1.32 0.88 1.16
11 0.5*0.33*0.9*1.75*1.75= 1.75/3=
Pw5
0.45 0.58 0.26
TOTAL (E) 4.54 5.2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
18 0.5*1*3.25*3.25 3.25/3=
5.28 1.08 5.7
19 0.5*1*1*1= 1/3=
-0.5 0.33 -0.17
Total (F) 0.00 0 0
GRAND TOTAL ∑P = 17.95 ∑H= 4.54 30.29 11.08
xbar = (∑M / ∑P) = (30.29-11.08)/17.95

b/2= 1.400 m.
e = 1.4-1.07= 0.33 m.
Stress
17.95/2.8(1+6*(0.33)/2.8)and 17.95/2.8(1-6*(0.33)/2.8)


=0.9*30.29/11.08
=2.46
= 1.6 < 1.4
No shear key needed
0.50 0.30 2.00

10.94 1.88
9.32 8.35

Factor of safety against sliding = 0.9*/ = #DIV/0!

Retaining wall design parameters

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Retaining wall design parameters

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DATA

Discharge 'Q' = 150000 cusec

In earth side of Diaphragm wall D1

In lake side of Diaphragm wall D1

CONDITION :- Normal condition (working condition)

Water depth = 2.700 m.

Diagram of proposed retaining wall

water pressure in drain side water pressure in earth side

NO DETAIL Vertical Horizontal Lever arm MSTAB MDESTAB

(B) Soil mass including surcharge

(C) Water in drain side

(E) Earth pressure ( Horizontal)

TOTAL (E) 1.57 1.7

GRAND TOTAL ∑P = 8.05 ∑H = 1.57 25.29 15.19

xbar = (∑M / ∑P) = (25.29-15.19)/8.05

Pressure in the drain side = 3.61 t/m2

FOS against overturning = 0.9*Mstab/Mdestab

Water depth = 0.000 m.

Diagram of proposed retaining wall

water pressure in drain side water pressure in earth side

NO DETAIL Vertical Horizontal Lever arm MSTAB MDESTAB

(B) Soil mass including surcharge

(C) Water in drain side

(F) Water pressure (horizontal)

GRAND TOTAL ∑P = 17.31 ∑H = 6.16 35.36 14.30

xbar = (∑M / ∑P) = (35.36-14.3)/17.31

Pressure in the drain side = 8.85 t/m2

FOS against overturning = 0.9*Mstab/Mdestab

Distribution of soil pressure below base

0.50 0.40 2.00

Providing a shear key of size 0.4 x 0.4 m at a distance of 0.9 m

F = Kp*ϒs*[ (h1+a)2 - h12 ]/2 + μs*Rtoe + μRheel

For structure in zone IV

Active earth pressure coefficient computation

αv = 0.005 for raft ,

ф = 30 deg 0.524 rad

hgl in bank at c/l of bridge = 237.32 m

Design Moment = 5.197 tm

Design horizontal seismic coefficient (αh) 0.08

Select the Condition Cond.-1 Lake Empty

Water depth = 0.000 m. Assuming lake is emptied

water pressure in drain side water pressure in earth side

NO DETAIL Vertical Horizontal Lever arm MSTAB MDESTAB

(B) Soil mass including surcharge

3 w4 0.19 0.3816 1.70 1.625 0.32436 0.6201

4 w6 0.036 0.072 1.700 3.1 0.061 0.2232

(E) Earth pressure ( Horizontal)

(F) Water pressure (horizontal)

GRAND TOTAL ∑P = 16.96 ∑H= 4.54 28.72 10.81

xbar = (∑M / ∑P) = (28.72-10.81)/16.96

Pressure in the drain side = 10.39 t/m2

FOS against overturning = 0.9*Mstab/Mdestab

Distribution of soil pressure below base

0.50 0.30 2.00

Providing a shear key of size 0.8 x 0.5 m at a distance of 0 m From toe

Passive Shear Force Pp 1.89

Factor of safety against sliding = 0.9*/ = ###

Design horizontal seismic coefficient (αh) 0.08

Water depth = 0.000 m. Assuming lake is emptied

1.750 3.250 Pw4

Pp1 Pw5' 102.000

water pressure in drain side water pressure in earth side

F = Kpϒs[ (h1+a)2 - h12 ]/2 + μs*Rtoe + μRheel