Unit 1

Race , Ethnicity and Religion

Week 3

MY JOURNEY

Congratulations for completing lesson 2! But your journey does not end here. To better
appreciate the many factors that have shaped your personality and the way you see your self and
others depend on your experience. We need to go back to some basic issues or questions that will
help you grapple with your identity . Some of these questions you should ponder include: Where did
my family originally come from? Have they always lived in our city or town? Where are the birth
places my grandparents born? • Did they ever move to another town/city or country? When? Why?

Has anyone in my family ever emigrated? Where did they go? Why did they leave the
country? These are just of the questions that you need to ask as you proceed to your next lesson.
Remember ,our affiliation or membership to one group or organization sometimes depend on our
religion, beliefs and customs . Even to extent of classifying people based on our skin color , location
and our affiliation to a particular group. In this lesson, you will be introduced to two important
concepts: race and ethnicity.

According to C. Joybell leading female thinker and writer in our world today, and is a mentor
to many modern-day leaders, as well as an inspirational figure to people from all walks of life once
said:

“We are all equal in the fact that we are all different. We are all the same in the fact that we will
never be the same. We are united by the reality that all colours and all cultures are distinct &
individual. We are harmonious in the reality that we are all held to this earth by the same gravity.
We don't share blood, but we share the air that keeps us alive. I will not blind myself and say that
my black brother is not different from me. I will not blind myself and say that my brown sister is
not different from me. But my black brother is he as much as I am me. But my brown sister is she as
much as I am me.”

Though, the world today still categorize people according to class, race and ethnicity this
lesson will hopefully provide you with a broader background why this cultural phenomenon of
labelling people based on those aspects still exists today. Furthermore, in this lesson, we'll examine
the meaning of ethnicity and race, as well as the differences between nations and states. We'll also
discuss different types of boundaries and the significance of boundaries both as barriers and as the
means to establish power. We will also consider the role of ethnicity in the formation of some types
of boundaries. Relax and don’t rattle…You have just begun in this exciting journey.

MY TARGETS

Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:

a. describe the factors that led to the extinction of language
b. identify six types of categorizing people/groups based on ethnicity.
c. compare and contrast the major religions of the world
d. create a one page flyer on any of the following topics : world languages, ethnicity
and major religion

MY WARM-UP

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 Pre-Assessment. Let us see if you have some background knowledge on the concepts
of race, ethnicity and religion.

Part I. Encircle the letter that best describes your answer.

1. Which of the following statements would best describe “ethnicity” ?

a. It is another word for minority.

b. It refers to cultural and sometimes physical characteristics used to classify people into groups or
categories considered to be significant different from others

c. All ethnic groups are coherent subcultures within a shared or common language and body of
tradition.

2. Which statements below best describe ethnic groups?

a. are biological subspecies, or varieties of a species, consisting of more or less distinct populations

of people with shared distinguishing anatomical traits

b. include Ilocanos, Ifugaos, Igorots, Bagobos but not the Negrenses or Ilonggos

c. neither of the above.

Part II. Identify what is asked. Write your answer on the space before the number.

________________ 1. Which religion registered the most number of followers based in

2015? (based on billions
A. Islam
B. Christianity
C. Hinduism
D. Buddhism
________________ 2. The Bodhi Tree Is the Main Sacred Object for this religion

A. Islam
B. Christianity
C. Hinduism
D. Buddhism
________________ 3. The Ultimate Goal of this religion is to reach Nirvana.

A. Islam
B. Christianity
C. Hinduism
D. Buddhism
________________ 4. This religion actually believes in only one god, but in many forms.

A. Islam
B. Christianity
C. Hinduism

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D. Buddhism
________________ 5. The goal of life in this religion is to attain salvation, or moksha
A. Islam
B. Christianity
C. Hinduism
D. Buddhism

Part III.
6-10. Rank the top 5 languages of the world with 1 as the language with the most number of
speakers

_______ Arabic
_______ Chinese Mandarin
_______ Hindi
_______ Spanish
_______ English

Part IV. Race, Ethnicity and Nationalism

11. A shared identity related to social and cultural heritage such as values, language,
geographical space and racial characteristics is known as
a. Race
b. Nationalism
c. Ethnicity
d. Ethnocentrism
12. A mythical race from whom many northern Europeans believed they had descended—
were at the top of the rankings 
a. Jews
b. Aryans
c. Arabs
d. Africans

MY READING TEXT

This time, please open your textbook and read pages 20-21 ( Human Geography)Likewise,
read also the text below.

Background:

What is the difference between race and ethnicity? Race refers to the sharing of a common
genetic ancestor and hence has a biological basis. Usually race is categorized by physical traits such
as skin color. Most scientists discount that there are any real differences between "races" because
the genetic variation within a race is much more diverse than any genetic variation between races.
However, human societies have differentiated between races on the basis of skin color-a distinction
which is really a social invention. But since it is a reality in today's world, social scientist must take
races into account as social groups.

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 Rubenstein describes ethnicity as "identity with a group of people who share the cultural
traditions of a particular homeland or hearth" The key here is the sharing of a culture, which can
include language, religion, food, dress, and music, just to name a few cultural characteristics.
Many people confuse the two terms, but there is a real difference. Here are some examples that
hopefully can make this distinction clearer.

Within the biological race categorization that some refer to as "black" (based on skin color)
there are thousands of different ethnicities, such as African-American, Jamaican, Zulu, Hutu, Tutsi,
and Haitian. Each of these ethnic groups has a distinct history and set of cultural traits. So the label
"black" tells us little about the distinct cultural traditions of each ethnicity, which is much more
informative.

Within the biological race categorization that some refer to as "white" there are also
thousands of different ethnicities, such as German, French, Indian (from India), and Iraqi (broken up
among different ethnicities themselves). Again, each ethnic group has a unique culture.

Within the biological race categorization that some refer to as "Native American" there are
also thousands of ethnic groups, such as Sioux, Inuit, Navajo, Hopi, and Mayan. These ethnic groups
speak different languages, eat different foods, hold different religious beliefs, and live in different
types of housing. However, ethnicities do not have to fall within one racial category (or any at all).
For example, Hispanic (or Latino) is considered by the U.S. census to be an ethnicity, but even this
label is misleading.

Racial categories are based more on how a person dresses, the language a person speaks,
and even the food a person eats than on physical appearance. These examples reveal that race is
really a social construction. The only reason it has importance to geographers is that many societies
choose to classify people based on skin color, and this classification is reflected spatially in terms
ofwhere people live, go to school, recreate, and congregate.

The study of ethnicity involves understanding the distribution of ethnicities and how
particular ethnic groups interact. Furthermore, given that many political systems were originally
based on the spaces occupied by ethnic groups, the interaction of ethnicity and politics is of
particular interest to geographers and historians .

Task # 1b. Let me engage you…

After having read the article above answer the following questions and self-check your
answer by going back to the text

1. Is race solely based on genetics?

My answer: ______________________________________
2. Is skin color one of the tests for classifying people?
My answer:_______________________________________
3. Is ethnicity is based on locality or coming from the same place though with differing
cultural traditions?
My answer:_______________________________________
4. Is race and ethnicity the same?
My answer: ______________________________________
5. Do ethnic groups share the same language?
My answer: ______________________________________

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 If all your answers are “NO” then you have completely understood what you have read above.

Race and ethnicity are social constructs. It is not based on genetics alone. It is not drawn from
skin color. One’s ethnicity is judged from coming from the same place of origin with the same
cultural traditions. Race is different from ethnicity. The former is categorized as a social group
while the latter is based on the same cultural traditions shared by a group of people.

Ethnic groups have varied languages.

Task # 1b. Let me engage you further…

Please open your flash drive on Week 3. Video 1. Watch this video on Top 10 Extinct
Languages from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Q4WMTeESW4 . Fill out the four
windows with what is asked. You need to listen well to the video being watched.

Formulate three 3 questions about the video?

What are these ten dead languages? Can you
enumerate them here?

How do we “cultivate” or develop the growth of After having watched the video, what is your
our language? positive or negative reaction to the video?

Task # 2 Let me engage you…

Very good! You are done with Task 1 and this task has given you idea why certain languages
have been considered dead but more importantly that activity has given you reasons why
they have become “extinct.” This time,let me bring you to how you become who you are
because of your ethnicity.
Open your USB and watch Week 3. Video 2 entitled: What is Ethnicity?
If you are online you can watch this video at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EnZU_Ox-zbE

Identify five words for each term in each quadrant based on what is discussed in the video.

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Task # 3. Explain

Wow! You are doing well! Doing task 2 has tested you to become a good listener and
note taker. You need to put your heart and mind into the video to understand the dynamics
of race, ethnicity, ethnic groups and nationality. It has given you the awareness and
knowledge that race is not equal to nationality or ethnicity. This time, recall the inputs on
page 22 of your textbook. You will remember that there are five dominant religions of the
world. This time. Identify where each symbol or sign belong : Is it Christianity (A) , Islam (B) ,
Hinduism (C) or Buddhism (D) ? Write the letter of your answer on the left column before
the image.

1.

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2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

This time, open your USB and watch Week 3- Video 3 entitled
Religion, faith and the role they play today

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=paVXPXoyDdo and
Week 3- Video 4 entitled: What is Religion?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SLbw-OfIewk .
Answer the following questions that follow.
What is the role of religion in society?
_____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________

Does religion make you a better person?

_____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________

Task # 4. Connecting to the Real World

Choose one project only.

A. Pretend that you are a member of an advocacy organization that is meant to preserve one
of the languages of your region. Your boss assigned you to prepare and design a one page
flyer to help spread the advocacy of preserving local dialects in your province. Come up with
a creative design for this one page flyer and add information related to this advocacy of
preserving your local dialect. Submit this output together with your module on the
designated date given by your teacher.

Criteria
A. Accuracy of Fact and Content --- 10 points
(Fidelity to theme/advocacy, accurate and reliable facts )
B. Design -- 5 points
(The design is suited and appropriate to the advocacy. Elements of Design and Visual Arts are
observed)
C. Proportion -- 5 points
(The design is not too big neither it is too small for the naked eye)
D. Clarity – 5 points
(The fonts are appropriate to the text , ideas are clear and observe correct grammar and
punctuation.

B. Pretend that you are a member of the Catholic youth group in your parish. Your parish
priest assigned you to prepare and design a one page flyer to help spread the devotion to
the rosary. Come up with a creative design for this one page flyer and add information

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related to the devotion to the rosary. Submit this output together with your module on the
designated date given by your teacher.

Criteria
A. Accuracy of Fact and Content --- 10 points
(Fidelity to theme/advocacy, accurate and reliable facts )
B. Design -- 5 points
(The design is suited and appropriate to the advocacy. Elements of Design and Visual Arts are
observed)
C. Proportion -- 5 points
(The design is not too big neither it is too small for the naked eye)
D. Clarity – 5 points
(The fonts are appropriate to the text , ideas are clear and observe correct grammar and
punctuation.

Reference and Links

Printed Materials

Celada, A.R. and Dela Cruz, E L. ( 2019) World History in Focus 8 Tetbook. Diwa Learning
Systems Inc. Makati City.

Electronic
C. Joybell C. Quotable Quotes . https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/362423-we-are-all-equal-in-the-
fact-that-we-are Retrieved July 7, 2020

“Religion, faith and the role they play today” https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=paVXPXoyDdo Retrieved July 7, 2020

“Top 10 Extinct languages” . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Q4WMTeESW4 Retrieved

July 7, 2020

“What is the difference between race and ethnicity?” https://www.livescience.com/difference-

between-race-ethnicity.html Retrieved July 7, 2020

“What is ethnicity?” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EnZU_Ox-zbE Retrieved July 7,

2020.

What is Religion? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SLbw-OfIewk. Retrieved July 7, 2020

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