€What is Elevator ?

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€ Maintenance Control Program (MCP) shall be in
compliance with ASME A 17.1b-2003 Section 8.6.1.2:
€ • Examination, maintenance and tests at schedule interval
€ • Equipment age, condition, and accumulated wear
€ • Design and inherent quality of the equipment
€ • Usage, Environmental condition
€ • Improved technology
€ • Cleaning, lubricating, adjusting applicable components
at regular intervals
€ • Repair or replace all worn or defective component
where necessary to maintain installation as per codes and
manufacturer requirements
€ • Available at site to elevator personnel
€ • As required by Manufacturer manual
€ When waiting for elevators:
€ Know your destination
€ Push the elevator call button once for the direction you
want to go in
€ Look and listen for the signal announcing your car's arrival
€ Be aware of health conditions that could contribute to
falls or accidents
€ Stand clear of the elevator doors and stand aside for
exiting passengers
€ If the arriving car is full, wait for the next car
€ Don't attempt to maneuver in or stop closing doors, wait
for the next car
€ In the event of a fire or other situation that could lead to a
disruption in electrical services, take the stairs
€ Allow passengers exiting the elevator to clear before
boarding
€ Watch your step - the elevator car may not be perfectly
level with the floor
€ Stand clear of the doors - keep clothes and carry-ons
away from the opening
€ Hold children and pets firmly
€ Passengers nearest to the doors should move first when
the car arrives
€ Push and hold the DOOR OPEN button if doors need to be
held open, or ask someone to push the button for you
€ Never try to stop a closing door, wait for the next car
€ Once on board, quickly press the button for your floor (not
required on destination dispatch elevators) and move to
the back of the car to make room for other passengers
€ If the elevator should ever stop between
floors, do not panic, there is plenty of air in
the elevator
€ Never climb out of a stalled elevator
€ Use the ALARM or HELP button, the
telephone or the intercom to call for
assistance
€ Above all, wait for qualified help to arrive
and never try to leave an elevator that has
not stopped normally
€ Emergency lighting will come on in the
event of a power failure
ESCALATORS
• An escalator is a DEFINITION
conveyor type
transport device that
moves people. It is a
moving staircase with
steps that move up
or down using a
conveyor belt and
tracks keeping each
step horizontal for
the passenger.
Components of an Escalator
 Types of an Escalator
1.) Moving Walkways
-Moving walkways are
often used in airports,
where there is a long
distance to walk between
terminals, and in metro
stations
 Types of an Escalator
2.) Inclined Moving
Sidewalks
-used in airports and
supermarkets to move
people to another floor with
the convenience of an
elevator (people can take
along their suitcase trolley
or shopping cart) and the
capacity of an escalator.
 Types of an Escalator
3.) Spiral Escalators
-Spiral escalators take up
much less horizontal space
than straight escalators.
 Application of an Escalator
• Escalators are used to
move pedestrian traffic
in places where
elevators would be
impractical.

• They have the capacity

to move large numbers
of people.
 Application of an Escalator (cont)
• They can be placed in the
same physical space as one
might install a staircase. They
have no waiting interval
(except during very heavy
traffic).

• They may be weatherproofed

for outdoor use.
 Application of an Escalator (cont)
• A non-functioning
escalator can function
as a normal staircase,
whereas many other
conveyances become
useless when they break
down.
Safety and Maintenance of the machine

• Safety is a major concern in escalator design. In

India, where women wear saris, there are heavy
chances of getting the pallu entangled in the
escalator. As a result, a special sari guard is built
into most escalators.

• There is a risk of foot injuries for children wearing

footwear such as Crocs and flip-flops that might get
caught in escalator mechanisms.This was due to
the softness of the shoe's material combined with
the smaller size of children's feet
Safety and Maintenance of the machine

• Fire protection of an escalator may be provided by

adding automatic fire detection and suppression
systems inside the dust collection and engineer pit.

• To limit the danger caused by overheating,

ventilation for the spaces that contain the motors
and gears must be provided
Safety and Maintenance of the machine

Safety tips:

9 Provide emergency stopping devices at or near

escalator landings.
9 Keep records of the inspection and maintenance
programme for each escalator.
9 A thorough examination must be carried out at least
once every six months by a competent person.
Safety and Maintenance of the machine

Safety tips:
9 Appoint an adequately trained person to carry out visual
checks of the major safety aspects of each escalator
daily,e.g. visual damage to combplates and stair treads,
correct operation of emergency stops and condition and
speed of hand rails.
9 Post conspicuous warning/advisory signs at the upper
and lower approaches to each escalator - illustrated
with pictograms advising passengers to: “hold the hand
rail”, “hold small children firmly”, “no pushchairs”, “keep
feet away from sides”, etc
› A horizontal, inclined, or vertical
device for moving or transporting
bulk material, packages, or
objects, in a path predetermined
by the design of the device and
having points of loading and
discharge.
™Belt conveyor ™Trolley conveyor
™Roller conveyor ™Wheel conveyor
™Chute conveyor ™Tow conveyor
™Slat conveyor ™Bucket conveyor
™Screw conveyor ™Cart-on-track
™Chain conveyor conveyor
™Overhead ™Pneumatic tube
monorail conveyor
conveyor
Belt conveyor
Roller conveyor
Chute conveyor
Slat conveyor
Screw conveyor
Chain conveyor
Overhead monorail conveyor
Trolley conveyor
Wheel conveyor
Tow conveyor
Bucket conveyor
Cart-on-track conveyor
Pneumatic tube conveyor
€ Assembly € Central
€ Filtration Systems
€ Machine Tool € Heat Treating
€ Parts Handling € Metal Stamping
€ Automation € Recycling
€ Forging € Die Casting
€ Metal Chip € Inspection
Removal € Packaging
€ Quenching
Conveyors provide € Food
internal material € Hardware
movement for facilities in € Hospital
nearly every industry,
including: € Manufacturing
€ Aerospace € Materials processing
€ Appliance € Paper
€ Automotive € Pharmaceutical
€ Beverage € Plastics
€ Chemicals € Retail
€ Construction € Warehousing and
€ Consumer goods
distribution
€ E-Commerce
› Must be locked out if not used.
› Worker should carry the only key to the lock.
› Maintenance personnel should have access
to change positions of pulleys, sprockets, or
sheaves
› Provide guards
› Use fixed scrapers and revolving brushes for
cleaning
› Lubrications for friction reduction
› Regular inspection
€ General precautions:
› Signed for loading points and safe load limit.
› Must be protected by guards.
› Underpasses should have sheet metal ceilings.
› Special fire protection devices must be utilized
› Guard conveyors for handrails and toe boards.
› Protect workers from falling materials.
› Provide crossovers or underpasses
€ Operation precautions:
› The start button should be easy to spot
› Start-stop devices must be clearly labeled.
› If conveyor passes through a wall or floor, equip
each side with starting and stopping devices.
› Place emergency stopping devices
› Provide anti-run-away and backstop devices.
› Wear appropriate clothes
› Proper ventilation
› Use proper electrical rated fixtures.
€ Frequent causes of injuries:
› attempting repairs on moving conveyors
› attempting to cross over moving belts
› attempting to ride moving belts
€ Unique hazards:
› Dust explosions are a major concern in conveyor
systems used for transporting grain or similar
products
› Portable conveyors must be equipped with
locking devices to keep the belt and conveyor
stable
€A hoisting apparatus is a device
used to raise and lower
materials.
€ The lifting force is provided by a
drum (or wheel) on which
wraps a rope (wire or fibre) or a
chain.
Hoisting equipment printing
assists in the lifting € Manufacturing
and positioning of € Newspaper
large, heavy loads in
€ Steel
a variety of industries,
including: € Paper

€ Automotive € Warehousing and

€ Chemicals
distribution
€ Commercial
€ Inspect hooks, ropes, brakes and limit
switches
€ Check the upper and lower hooks to see
that they swivel.
€ Replace any worn chain or wire rope
immediately.
€ Schedule a detailed inspection
€ Replace items not operating properly.
€ Post the safe load limit on the hoist.
€ Keep wire ropes and chains lubricated.
€ Know the safe load limit of the hoist. Do not
exceed.
€ Hoist from directly over the load.
€ Hang hoists solidly in the highest part of the
hook area.
€ Side pulling or lifting increases wear and sets
up dangerous stress levels on hoist parts.
€ Only one person should pull on hand, chain
and lever hoists.
€ Place the load directly in line with the hook
shank.
€ Stand completely clear of the load.
€ Seat the load properly in the hook.
€ Move hoist controls smoothly. Avoid abrupt,
jerky movements of the load. Remove slack
from the sling and hoisting ropes before
lifting the load.
€ Remove all loose materials, parts, blocking
and packing
€ Make sure everyone is away from the load
before starting to hoist.
€ Use equipment for lifting people.
€ Pass a load over workers.
€ Tip a load.
€ Insert the point of the hook in a link of the
chain.
€ Hammer a sling into place.
€ Leave slings dangling from the load hook.
€ Raise loads higher than necessary to clear
objects.
€ Exceed a hoist load limit.
€ Leave suspended loads unattended.