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  • Turning Effects of Forces: When You Bend Your Arm, The Arm Acts As A Lever. Your Elbow Is The Pivot

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    Forces can cause objects to turn if they are applied at a distance from a fixed pivot point. This turning effect is called a moment. The moment depends on both the size of the force and the perpendicular distance between the force and the pivot. For example, a door handle turns because a downward force is applied at a distance from the hinges. A seesaw will balance when the moments on both sides are equal, such as when a 800N person sits 1.5m from the pivot to counterbalance a 600N person sitting 2m from the pivot.

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    Forces can cause objects to turn if they are applied at a distance from a fixed pivot point. This turning effect is called a moment. The moment depends on both the size of the force and the perpendicular distance between the force and the pivot. For example, a door handle turns because a downward force is applied at a distance from the hinges. A seesaw will balance when the moments on both sides are equal, such as when a 800N person sits 1.5m from the pivot to counterbalance a 600N person sitting 2m from the pivot.

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    Turning Effects of Forces: When You Bend Your Arm, The Arm Acts As A Lever. Your Elbow Is The Pivot

    Uploaded by

    Zain Farhan
    Forces can cause objects to turn if they are applied at a distance from a fixed pivot point. This turning effect is called a moment. The moment depends on both the size of the force and the perpendicular distance between the force and the pivot. For example, a door handle turns because a downward force is applied at a distance from the hinges. A seesaw will balance when the moments on both sides are equal, such as when a 800N person sits 1.5m from the pivot to counterbalance a 600N person sitting 2m from the pivot.

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    Physics VIII

    Notes - Turning forces

    Turning effects of forces

    When you push down on a door handle, the handle turns. When you push down on the pedal of a bicycle, the pedal
    turns. When you pull on a door, the door turns toward you. These are all examples of forces that cause an object to turn.

    The object that turns is called a lever.

    The fixed point around which the lever turns is called the pivot. Pivot is represented by a small triangle “ ”

    When you bend your arm, the arm acts as a lever. Your elbow is the pivot.

    The lever and pivot are shown in the picture of the bicycle pedals in Figure 3.4.1.

    Calculating moments

    The moment of a force describes it’s the turning effect of a force.

    The moment of a force depends on two factors:

    • the size of the applied force (the bigger the force, the bigger the moment)

    • the perpendicular distance between the applied force acts and the pivot. (the greater the distance, the greater the
    moment).

    Formula :

    moment = force × distance

    S.I Unit: Nm

    Remember to use an upper case N and a lower case m when writing Nm.
    Question

    A pulling force of 35 N is needed to open a door. The distance from the door handle to the door hinges (the pivot) is
    0.8m. What is the moment caused by the pull on the door?

    Formula/ Equation : moment = force × distance

    Working : moment = 35 × 0.8

    moment = 28 N m

    Balancing

    A seesaw is a type of lever. People sit on either side of the pivot of a seesaw and make the lever turn one way and then
    the other. The result is that each person moves up and down.

    A seesaw will be balanced when the moments on both sides of the pivot are equal and opposite.

    Question

    Marcus, with a weight of  sits at a distance of  from the pivot of a seesaw. Arun, has a weight of 800 N. Where
    should Arun sit to make sure the seesaw is balanced?

    Marcus will exert a moment of 600 × 2 = 1200 Nm

    For the seesaw to be balanced, the moment on the other side must also be 1200 Nm.

    Formula : moment = force × distance

    So, distance = moment / force

    Working: distance = 1200 Nm/800 N

    distance = = 1.5 m

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