NAZARET, SHIELA MARIE E.

DTS-1

PARALLEL TEST REVIEWER

PART I (1-30)

1. ANSWER: B. USE DIFFERENT SITUATIONS IN THE LEARNING PROCESS

EXPLANATION: It has shown that an engaged learning environment increases
students' attention and focus, promotes meaningful learning
experiences, encourages higher levels of student performance, and
motivates students to practice higher-level critical thinking skills.

2. ANSWER: D. EVALUATION IS MADE AN INTEGRAL PART OF TEACHING

PROCEDURES
EXPLANATION: Disadvantages include the possibility that the evaluator has too little
knowledge and understanding of the normative environment,
personalities, and decision-making structures of the institution.
Whenever possible, evaluation should be comparative.

3. ANSWER: B. MAKE IT POSSIBLE FOR LESSONS TO BE CHECKED FOR

COMPLETENESS AND ADEQUACY

EXPLANATION: This is important because it helps educators make the most of

instructional time. It's a daily basis activity, not one reserved for
observation days. If we want students to retain the subject matter, we
need to incorporate these checks into every lesson.

4. ANSWER: C. IT GIVES TEACHERS AND STUDENTS TIME TO DO MORE

IMPORTANT TASKS

EXPLANATION: With this, it can increase student confidence and comfort

levels since learners know what is expected of them in different
situations. Set routines are especially helpful when working with young
learners and teens that need extra support in regulating their behavior.
5. ANSWER: C. Determine the extent of the learner’s acquired knowledge and
skills
EXPLANATION: The primary purpose of questioning is to promote thinking. It is
crucial that teachers use good questioning technique to promote
student thinking because thinking facilitates learning.

6. ANSWER: B. Intelligence is measured in Multiple forms

EXPLANATION: Multiple intelligences refers to a theory describing the different ways
students learn and acquire information. The multiple intelligence theory can
draw students back into learning. Using the different intelligences to teach a
concept allows each of your diverse learners a chance to succeed at
learning. 

7. ANSWER: C. It encourages the learner to interact with the text

EXPLANATION: The KWL Method. KWL, an acronym for Know, Want-to-know,

and Learned, is an effective way to read with purpose. KWL is easy to
apply and can lead to significant improvement in your ability to learn
efficiently and to retain what you have learned. 

8. ANSWER: A. Multiple intelligences

EXPLANATION: The multiple intelligence theory can draw students back into
learning. Using the different intelligences to teach a concept allows
each of your diverse learners a chance to succeed at learning. The
learner with strength in the visual-spatial intelligence will do well with
drawing and puzzles.

9. ANSWER: A. Diagnostic test

EXPLANATION: Diagnostic tests are variety of procedures done by physicians to
screen for, detect and monitor diseases and conditions. It is used to
gather clinical information necessary for making a diagnosis.

10. ANSWER: B. The normal curve is sacred. Teachers must adhere to it no matter what
EXPLANATION: The normal curve may not necessarily apply to homogeneous class,
it may not be achieved when every pupil acquires targeted competencies, and
 when all pupils achieve as expected, their learning curve may deviate from the
normal curve.

11. ANSWER: A. Pupils formerly enrolled in special education classes are

now integrated into regular classes
EXPLANATION: Mainstreaming is the inclusion 'of learners with special needs
into general educational settings or regular schools' (IBE-UNESCO, n.d.).
Mainstream education settings should ensure that the needs of all
students are addressed and that all barriers which can potentially hinder
their participation be removed.

12. ANSWER: C. Early development is more critical than later development

EXPLANATION: Developmental principle follows an orderly, predictable

sequence. Development is Continuous, Development is Gradual,
Development is Sequential, Rate of Development Varies Person to
Person, Development Proceeds from General to Specific and Most Traits
are Correlated in Development and Others.

13. ANSWER: C. Student achievement is easily measured

EXPLANATION: Performance objectives create a vision of what learners should

be doing after they master the instruction. They are descriptions of what
you want learners to be able to exhibit before you consider them
competent.

14. ANSWER: C. Using questions requiring only memory responses

EXPLANATION: The learner-centered nature of inductive teaching is often seen

as advantageous as the learner is more active in the learning process
rather than being a passive recipient. This increased engagement may
help the learner to develop deeper understanding and help fix the
language being learned.

15. ANSWER: B. METACOGNITION

EXPLANATION: The use of metacognitive thinking and strategies enables
students to become flexible, creative, and self-directed learners.
Metacognition particularly assists students with additional educational
 needs in understanding learning tasks, in self-organizing and in
regulating their own learning.

16. ANSWER: B. RETENTION

EXPLANATION: The benefits of the learning retention process involve not

only strengthened knowledge but also increase likelihood that
participants will apply new knowledge and skills, understand the results
that can be achieved, and reflect and document progress toward a broad
goal.

17. ANSWER: D. Assistance to each student to attain goals

EXPLANATION: Goal setting helps students to be more aware of the learning

that they are expected to experience. This awareness helps students to
be engaged in the learning process. Mastery-oriented goals give
students the opportunity to focus on learning standards and their own
growth.

18. ANSWER: C. Understanding the causes of students’ behavior

EXPLANATION: A student's behavior can affect her ability to learn as well as

other students' learning environment. Students who behave disruptively
by bullying other students, talking during lectures or by requiring the
teacher to interrupt lessons to discipline them can have a negative effect
on an entire classroom.

19. ANSWER: B. GOAL-SETTING

EXPLANATION: Teacher Goal Setting is an important component of a

teacher's development. Goal setting is designed to focus teachers and
coaches on developing and mastering discrete skills that will impact a
teacher's overall performance, and in-turn, student achievement.

20. ANSWER: A. Criterion interest

EXPLANATION: Criterion interest compare a person's knowledge or skills against a
predetermined standard, learning goal, performance level, or other
criterion. With criterion-referenced tests, each person's performance is
compared directly to the standard, without considering how other
students perform on the test.

21. ANSWER: C. Necessary directions to perform tasks successfully

EXPLANATION: All in all, being clear is the best way to reduce the possibilities
of interruptions and misunderstandings. Producing well delivered
instructions/directions will help all sorts of students – from attentive to
more dispersive ones.

22. ANSWER: B. Grading the students “Pass” or “Fail” on their work and
requesting those who failed to repeat their work
EXPLANATION: With the instructional feedback of the teacher, this allows
students to make their own discoveries, which leads to better retention of
concepts. The advantages of a pass/fail grading system include the fact
that students perceive less pressure because they are not actively
competing with their peers or worrying about letters and numbers.
Instead, they can focus on comprehending and using the information they
learn.

23. ANSWER: B. PRINCIPLE OF BALANCE

EXPLANATION: In balanced instruction, students are taught sometimes in ways

that match their preferences and sometimes in ways that don't. This
allows children to have better control over their bodies. Once balance is
mastered it occurs naturally; allowing children to move their attention and
focus onto other things.

24. ANSWER: A. Know the objectives

EXPLANATION: Objective tests are useful to check that learners are coming to
terms with the basics of the subject in order that they have a firm
foundation and knowledge. They are useful because: can test a wide
sample of the curriculum in a short time.
25. ANSWER: C. Specification of objectives, pre-assessment, instruction,
evaluation
EXPLANATION: This helps students to develop the skills to set a goal by
themselves which is prior to research. Basically, thinking processes to
generate research questions are the main target. they can compare their
own study materials with teaching materials provided in classes.

26. ANSWER: C. Hand out a step-by-step outline of the lesson

EXPLANATION: In presenting a new lesson, the best objectives are action-
oriented and focus on the most important and essential learning needs of
the class. They should be measurable, so teachers can track student
progress and ensure that new concepts are understood before moving
on, and achievable considering the time available.

27. ANSWER: D. Penalty should be retributive and based solely upon the
offense
EXPLANATION: Penalties is used to discourage the wrongdoer from repeating
the offending behavior, and thereby it aims to restore order and control.
When we're in that desirable middle ground, consequences help a
classroom feel safe, orderly, and predictable. Students understand that
mistakes, both academic and behavioral ones, are part of the learning
process, and that their teacher is there to support them.

28. ANSWER: D. Course objectives are defined as intended learning outcomes

EXPLANATION: Grades are an approximate measure of academic
performance. Since grades are a composite measurement of student
performance, they can be a better predictor of success than other narrow
measures, such as IQ. 

29. ANSWER: B. Provision for more opportunities to repeat what was taught
to enhance better mastery
EXPLANATION: The basic premise of remedial instruction is to help students to
'catch-up' to their peers and thus prevent ongoing academic issues. When
students fall behind, a gap opens between their abilities and that of their
 peers. Over time, this gap gathers pace and widens to the point where
learning in other areas is affected.

30. ANSWER: C. ADAPTIVE INSTRUCTION

EXPLANATION: This seeks to understand pupils' differences, including their
different levels of prior knowledge and potential barriers to learning, is an
essential part of teaching. Adapting teaching in a responsive way, including by
providing targeted support to pupils who are struggling, is likely to increase pupil
success.

PARALLEL TEST REVIEWER

PART II (1-65)

1. ANSWER: B. LESSON PLAN

EXPLANATION: A lesson plan provides you with a general outline of your

teaching goals, learning objectives, and means to accomplish them,
and is by no means exhaustive. A productive lesson is not one in which
everything goes exactly as planned, but one in which both students and
instructor learn from each other.

2. ANSWER: A. DEVICE
EXPLANATION: A device is an incentive introduced into the method of teaching
for the purpose of stimulating the pupil and developing understanding
through experiencing. Because of technology, education is becoming
more flexible and accessible. Today, differentiated instruction is used to
meet the needs of all types of learners.

3. ANSWER: A. INDUCTIVE
EXPLANATION: The inductive method of teaching allows a teacher to use open-
ended questions and activities to guide students towards their
understanding. In inductive teaching strategies, learners must analyze
information in front of them, come up with logical conclusions, and even if
they're wrong, the process helps them engage better with the
 information. It helps them understand the underlying logic in a way that's
more memorable.

4. ANSWER: B. DEDUCTIVE
EXPLANATION: A deductive approach to instruction is a more teacher-centered
approach. This means that the teacher gives the students a new
concept, explains it, and then has the students practice using the
concept.

5. ANSWER: A. DISCOVERY (INDUCTIVE)

EXPLANATION: Discovery learning approach is a teaching approach that requires
mental processes, such as observing, measuring, classifying, guessing,
explaining, and drawing conclusions. This approach puts students in their
own learning, developing creativity in solving problems.

6. ANSWER: B. LABORATORY
EXPLANATION: A laboratory is always considered as a relevant and essential
part so far as the teaching of Science and Computer is concerned.” Every
school has laboratories where students can perform research,
experiments or even learn new things with the help of internet facility.

7. ANSWER: C. DEVELOPMENT
EXPLANATION: In education, the term development may be used in reference
to a wide variety of specialized training, formal education, or advanced
professional learning intended to help administrators, teachers, and other
educators improve their professional knowledge, competence, skill, and
effectiveness

8. ANSWER: C. REVIEW
EXPLANATION: Review gives learners a chance to apply their knowledge. When
done well, gives the child a chance to take what he's learned, make it his
own, and apply it. The review is a focused and purposeful inquiry into
 observable individual and group behaviors in a specific class to help both
instructor and observer “see” teaching and learning from a different
perspective.

9. ANSWER: C. REVIEW
EXPLANATION: Review is also used to mean to go over a subject again to
master it or to remember the material better. Your schoolteachers likely
reviewed previous lessons with your class more than once before a test.
When studying a new language, you will review words and grammar rules
many times to help commit them to memory.

10. ANSWER: C. DRILL LESSON

EXPLANATION: A drill is a classroom technique to aid memorization by way of
spaced repetition. Drills promote the acquisition of knowledge or skills
through repetitive practice. Drill is a useful technique to introduce a new
lesson and to familiarize learners with new concepts.

11. ANSWER: B. CUMULATIVE

EXPLANATION: Cumulative review allows students to repeatedly practice math
concepts, both overall math skills, such as Arithmetic Fact Retrieval, as
well as targeted math skills, such as Place Value. This also allows
students to repeatedly practice math concepts, both overall math skills,
such as Arithmetic Fact Retrieval, as well as targeted math skills, such as
Place Value.

12. ANSWER: C. ROLE PLAYING

EXPLANATION: Role playing exercises encourage students to think more
critically about complex and controversial subjects and to see situations
from a different perspective. When properly employed, role plays can
motivate students in a fun and engaging way.

13. ANSWER: C. SEMINAR

 EXPLANATION: Seminars are an important part of many academic programs
and provide an opportunity for a group of students to discuss and
analyses a range of new material, ideas, and concepts together with the
tutor

14. ANSWER: B. Classrooms techniques

EXPLANATION: One of the most important needs of the classroom techniques
of teaching is that it helps to attract the students' attention in the
classroom. Proper use of techniques in teaching makes the students
interested in the subject and creates eagerness to learn more. They
stimulate the mind of the students to learn.

15. ANSWER: A. POSTERS

EXPLANATION: Posters are designed to be both eye-catching and informative.
Posters may be used for many purposes. Posters can motivate students
to learn a specific topic. They can help learners to focus on a certain
idea, fact, event, or process. They are convenient both for pupils and
teachers as they help students to absorb the material faster.

16. ANSWER: A. Programmed instruction

EXPLANATION: Programmed instruction is a method of presenting new subject
matters to students in a graded sequence of controlled steps. Students
work through the programmed material by themselves at their own speed
and after each step test their comprehension by answering an
examination question or filling in a diagram.

17. ANSWER: B.   Ivan Pavlov

EXPLANATION: Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physiologist best known in
psychology for his discovery of classical conditioning. Classical
conditioning is a learning process governed by associations between an
environmental stimulus and another stimulus which occurs naturally.

18. ANSWER: A. Non-graded scheme

 EXPLANATION: Nongraded scheme is the practice of teaching children of
different ages and ability levels together, without dividing them (or the
curriculum) into steps labeled by grade designations. It said that non-
graded system causes less academic pressure but gives opportunities to
correct mistakes; provides more engaging learning experiences;
strengthens independent and individualized learning.

19. ANSWER: B. NO
EXPLANATION: Differentiated assignments, tutorial and remedial work to
would-be-failures are considered in the Individualized Instruction
Scheme.

20. ANSWER: A. REVIEW

EXPLANATION: Reviewing can encourage observation, perception, and general
awareness both during and after experiences. By reviewing activities, we
show that we care about what people experience, that we value what
they have to say, and that we are interested in the progress of each
individual's learning and development.

21. ANSWER: A.  Free from distractions

EXPLANATION: The more focused you are while studying, the more likely you
can retain information. So, reducing distractions in the study environment
can help you remember more of the stuff you have just learned.

22. ANSWER: B. CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT

EXPLANATION: Classroom management systems are effective because
they increase student success by creating an orderly learning
environment that enhances students' academic skills and competencies,
as well as their social and emotional development.

23. ANSWER: C. SUPERVISION

 EXPLANATION: Supervision provides equal importance to students, and
teachers by having constant interaction between the supervisor and the
teacher to improve teaching and learning processes. Teachers'
continuous learning assists them to be more efficient and effective.

24. ANSWER: C. INHIBITED

EXPLANATION: This refers to the rules and strategies applied in school to
manage student behavior and practices used to encourage self-
discipline.

25. ANSWER: A. MASTERY OF THE SUBJECT MATTER

EXPLANATION: The mastery of subject matter is the foundation upon which the
education of a teacher is based. The teacher requires among other
things the skill of mastering the subject matter and being able to
establish the interrelationships between different subjects.

26. ANSWER: A. RESOURCEFUL, CREATIVE, AND INTELLIGENT

EXPLANATION: Teacher quality is the most influential factor that determines
student success. Well-qualified teachers have the ability to connect with
their students on a personal level. They know how each child learns
best, which is an important skill as a teacher. children feel comfortable in
sharing their thoughts and opinions.

27. ANSWER: B. INTEGRITY

EXPLANATION: Academic integrity allows students and staff the freedom to
build new ideas, knowledge and creative works while respecting and
acknowledging the work of others. 

28. ANSWER: B. PROCESS APPROACH

EXPLANATION: In essence, process approach to teaching writing focuses on the
writing process rather than the final product. It is a method of thinking
applying to understand and plan the sequence and interactions of
processes in the system. Saying that again, it's a method to plan the
processes and the interactions of these processes as part of the
management system.
29. ANSWER: B. SOCIAL STUDIES
EXPLANATION: Although the term “social studies” includes primarily history,
geography, civics, economics, and sociology, it also deals with materials
from other subjects. The primary purpose of social studies is to help
young people make informed and reasoned decisions for the public
good as citizens of a culturally diverse, democratic society in an
interdependent world.

30. ANSWER: A. OBSERVING AND INFERRING

EXPLANATION: Understanding that observations are based only on what one
can detect firsthand can help students learn how scientists make
inferences. Distinguishing between observations and inferences
can help students better understand how scientists use evidence to
answer questions.

31. ANSWER: D. NONE OF THESE

EXPLANATION: Measurement, communication skills and controlling variables
are processes in science teaching. Each activity is expected to facilitate
students to develop science process skills such as observing, inferring,
predicting, asking questions, constructing hypotheses, designing
experiments, applying concepts, and communicating.

32. ANSWER: B. EXPERIMENTATION

EXPLANATION: Experimentation is a research method in which one or more
variables are consciously manipulated and the outcome or effect of that
manipulation on other variables is observed. Basically, since we will
never learn from the experience of others. Only through our
experiences, making and accepting mistakes, we can draw our own
conclusions to move forward.

33. ANSWER: A. JOHN LOCKE

EXPLANATION: Locke believes that we can notice or experience our mind
performing these actions and when we do we receive ideas of reflection.
These are ideas such as memory, imagination, desire, doubt, judgment,
 and choice. Locke's view is that experience (sensation and
reflection) issues us with simple ideas.

34. ANSWER: B. JEAN J. ROSSEAU

EXPLANATION: Rousseau believed modern man's enslavement to his own
needs was responsible for all sorts of societal ills, from exploitation and
domination of others to poor self-esteem and depression. Rousseau
believed that good government must have the freedom of all its citizens
as its most fundamental objective.

35. ANSWER: B. EXISTENTIALISM

EXPLANATION: Existentialism advocates an education that helps the individual
living an existential life. Existentialistic aims of education include
development of authenticity, self-realization, choice making power,
responsibility, ability to face tragic situations, social adjustability and
uniqueness in child.

36. ANSWER: C. MORALISM

EXPLANATION: Moral education may be defined as helping children and young
people to acquire a set of beliefs and values regarding what is right and
wrong. This set of beliefs guides their intentions, attitudes and behaviors
towards others and their environment.

37. ANSWER: B. JOHN DEWEY

EXPLANATION: John Dewey believed that a democratic society of informed and
engaged inquirers was the best means of promoting human
interests. Dewey was a proponent of making learning experiences
centered around student interests and developing socially responsible
citizens; all of these real-world, meaningful connections that occur in
place-based education, contribute to creating educational experiences
that result in socially responsible citizens.

38. ANSWER: D. MONTESSORI APPROACH

EXPLANATION: Montessori is a method of education that is based on self-
directed activity, hands-on learning, and collaborative play. In Montessori
classrooms children make creative choices in their learning, while the
 classroom and the highly trained teacher offer age-appropriate activities
to guide the process.

39. ANSWER: A. HINDUISM

EXPLANATION: Hindus believe that yoga is an important practice that helps
them to be close to Brahman. The idea is that, through yoga, Hindus can
reach God either as a personal god (called vaikuntha) or as the God
within humans (called antaryami).

40. ANSWER: A. CONFUCIUS

EXPLANATION: Confucius' social philosophy was based primarily on the
principle of "ren" or "loving others" while exercising self-discipline. He
believed that ren could be put into action using the Golden Rule, "What
you do not wish for yourself, do not do to others."

41. ANSWER: C. INSTITUTE A SYSTEMATICALLY PLAN

EXPLANATION: The main purpose of Institutional Planning is to improve the
school program and school practices. It is based on the principle of
optimum utilization of the resources available in the school and
community. To provide equal opportunities to all the pupils to get
education. Planning makes clear what employees have to do, how to do,
etc. By stating in advance how work has to be done, planning provides
direction for action

42. ANSWER: A. MOTIVATION

EXPLANATION: Motivation is not only important in its own right; it is also an
important predictor of learning and achievement. Students who are more
motivated to learn persist longer, produce higher quality effort, learn more
deeply, and perform better in classes and on standardized tests.

43. ANSWER: C. REINFORCEMENT

EXPLANATION: Reinforcement can be used to teach new skills, teach a
replacement behavior for an interfering behavior, increase appropriate
behaviors, or increase on-task behavior. Positive reinforcers help
students learn behaviors necessary to be successful academically and
 socially. These techniques increase a student's targeted behaviors.
These reinforcers are similar to rewards, but they are also intended to
increase behaviors over time rather than a one-time reward for good
behavior.

44. ANSWER: C. FOCUSING

EXPLANATION: Environment-focused education urges learners to explore,
examine how and why things occur, and settle on their own realizations
about complex natural issues. It urges learners to examine fluctuating
sides of issues to comprehend the full picture. It stops radicalism of
opinions from developing and instead reinforces the pluralism of ideas.

45. ANSWER: B. MEDIA

EXPLANATION: Media in the classroom engage students in learning and
provide a richer experience. Media are useful tools for illustrating a
lesson, allowing students to see examples of what they are learning.
Interactive media such as Smart Boards allow students to move items on
a screen for illustrative purposes.

46. ANSWER: A. COMPETENCE

EXPLANATION: Competencies are critical for equipping students with the
knowledge, skills, and attitudes that they will need to successfully navigate
their personal journeys in learning, living and working. Students use and
develop competencies when they encounter unfamiliar or challenging
situations.

47. ANSWER: B. PROPOSITION

EXPLANATION: A value proposition is a statement that describes the benefits
students and families can expect from attending your school, why your
school is a better choice than the alternatives, and how your school helps
a student or family solve a pain problem or fulfill their utmost desire,
through your school's unique solutions.

48. ANSWER: D. BUZZ SESSION

EXPLANATION: Buzz groups is a cooperative learning technique consisting in
the formation of small discussion groups with the objective of developing a
 specific task (idea generation, problem solving and so on) or facilitating
that a group of people reach a consensus on their ideas about a topic in a
specific period.

49. ANSWER: D. INTEREST

EXPLANATION: Interest is a powerful motivational process that energizes
learning, guides academic and career trajectories, and is essential to
academic success. Interest is both a psychological state of attention and
affect toward a particular object or topic, and an enduring predisposition to
reengage over time.

50. ANSWER: A. STRATEGIES

EXPLANATION: Strategies help students begin to understand the process of
learning. Strategies help students to bypass their areas of weakness and
to perform at the level at which they are capable and promote flexible
thinking and teach students the importance of shifting their approaches to
different tasks.

51. ANSWER: D. RESOURCE MATERIALS

EXPLANATION: The importance of Instructional Materials or Educational
resources is to improve students' knowledge, abilities, and skills, to
monitor their assimilation of information, and to contribute to their overall
development and upbringing.

52. ANSWER: D. METHODS OF TEACHING

EXPLANATION: The term teaching method refers to the general principles,
pedagogy and management strategies used for classroom instruction
Teaching methods are the broader techniques used to help students
achieve learning outcomes, while activities are the different ways of
implementing these methods. Teaching methods help students: master the
content of the course. learn how to apply the content in particular contexts.

53. ANSWER: A. FORMAL

EXPLANATION: It is the attention gained through proper stimulation and
motivation as well as individual effort.
54. ANSWER: D. DRILL
EXPLANATION: Drills are effective as a way of helping students to memorize
and adapt concepts. For instance, when teaching wants to teach students
the multiplication table learning, drills are used on each number to help
students to memorize. They can be used to build confidence as more
answers are correctly provided. They also help to reinforce important
materials. Learners are also provided an opportunity to practice critical
skills and knowledge sets.

55. ANSWER: C. TERMINAL BEHAVIOR

EXPLANATION: terminal behavior comprises the activities/responses displayed
by learners after the completion of the teaching-learning process. Thus,
the change in behavior after the teaching-learning process will make up
the terminal behavior.

56. ANSWER: D. GROUP DYNAMIC

EXPLANATION: “Group dynamics” elaborates the effects of the roles and
behaviors being played by an individual as they maintained
membership within a group. When a good dynamic exists within a
group working toward a common goal, each individual member will
perform effectively and achieve goals set by the group.

57. ANSWER: C. ROLE PLAYING

EXPLANATION: Role play is an important part of child development, as it builds
confidence, creativity communication, physical development and
problem solving. Along with being a fun activity, it also allows children
to get into character and act out real life roles or fictional performances

58. ANSWER: C. PROVIDE READING MATERIALS

EXPLANATION: Reading is one of the most important skills that young children
learn. In order to be successful in the world they must learn to read.
The goal of reading is comprehension. Reading instruction should
 revolve around making students proficient readers who comprehend
what they are reading.

59. ANSWER: A. PREPARE ALTERNATIVE ACTIVITIES

EXPLANATION: When students fail to accomplish assignments, we should
prepare alternative activities instead. This encourages learners to step
out of their comfort zones and think outside the box. Students learn to
think, analyze, apply their knowledge to create solutions to different
problems. It is a fair and transparent process of determining student
proficiency levels.

60. ANSWER: C. PRAISE THE STUDENT SINCERELY

EXPLANATION: When used effectively, praise can turn around behavior
challenges and improve students' attitudes about learning. Students who
learn and think differently often receive negative feedback as a result of their
struggles.  It directly affects students' beliefs about why they succeed or fail. It
leads to increased persistence, self-evaluation, intrinsic motivation, and
resilience when students encounter obstacles and setbacks and also leads to
increased learning and higher achievement.

61. ANSWER: A. ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE AIM AT THE START OF EACH PERIOD

EXPLANATION: Aims are what teachers and learners want to achieve in a
lesson or a course. Different classroom activities are planned in order to
achieve these aims. It also serves as a statement of introduction to a
course and help potential participants decide if the course is right for them.
It might also give an indication of prior experience necessary to participate
for the requirement of a professional or academic qualification.

62. ANSWER: D. GIVEN IN SAME FORM FROM EACH TIME

EXPLANATION: Repetition is a key learning aid because it helps transition a skill
from the conscious to the subconscious. Through repetition, a skill is
practiced and rehearsed over time and gradually becomes easier.

63. ANSWER: C. IDENTIFY THE ABILITIES OF THE LEARNER

EXPLANATION: Identifying high-ability students helps teachers and schools to
meet their learning needs. When students are not identified, they may find
school unchallenging. This could lead to them becoming bored and/or
 disengaged. Identifying high-ability students is particularly tricky when their
abilities might be hidden.

64. ANSWER: C. CAPABILITY TO DEAL WITH REALITY

EXPLANATION: Child’s mental development is clearly revealed bi his capability
to deal with reality. Accepting reality includes everything that you're feeling,
too. When you accept these feelings and let yourself experience them
without any judgment, you can work through them in a healthy way.
Pretend that you're accepting reality.

65. ANSWER: B. DEVELOPMENT

EXPLANATION: Development education in youth work aims to support young
people to increase their awareness and understanding of the
interdependent and unequal world in which we live, through a process of
interactive learning, debate, action, and reflection