MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARDE OF TECHANICAL

EDUCATION,

MUMBAI

T. B. GIRWALKAR POLYTHECHNIC

AMBAJOGAI

MICRO-PROJECT REPORT ON

"Android Operating System at Mobile search engine"

SUBMITTED BY

MISS. Pawar Pranita

MISS. Savji Samiksha

UNDER THE NOBLE GUIDANSE BY

Prof.Syed Ruhina

DEPARTMENT OF

COMPUTER ENGGINERING
YEAR 2021-2022

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 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARDE OF TECHANICAL EDUCATION,

MUMBAI

M. B. E SOCIETY'S T. B. GIRWALKAR POLYTHECHNIC

AMBAJOGAI

DEPARTMENT OF

COMPUTER ENGGINERING

Certificate
This is to Certify that MISS. Pawar Pranita , MISS. Savji Samiksha
Student of Diploma Third Year In Computer Engginering has submitted project
report of "Android operating system at mobile search engine" For fullfilament
for the award of the cource in Computer Engineering. This volume has submitted
a satisfactory report about the subject in "Operating System" the academic year
2021-2022.

GUIDE H.O.D Principal

PROF.Syed Ruhina PROF. Abdul Halim PROF. M. B. Shetti

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 Acknowledgement
I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my teacher
Prof.Syed Ruhina as well as our principal Prof.M.B.Shetti who gave me
the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on the topic
"Androide Operating Syetm at Mobile search engine" , which also
helped me in doing a lot of Research and i came to know about so many
new things

I am really thankful to them.Secondly i would also like to thank my

parents and friends who helped me a lot in finishing this project within
the limited time.I am making this project not only for marks but to also
increase my knowledge.

THANKS AGAIN TO ALL WHO HELPED ME.

Date: Group member:

10 December 2021 Miss. Pranita Pawar

Enrollment No. 1900880003

Miss. Samiksha Savji

Enrollment No. 1900880002

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Android Operating
System at mobile
based search engine

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Index
Sr. No Title Page no

1. Introduction 6

2. Project environmenting operating System 7

3. Type of operating system 8-18

4. Search engine optimization 19

5. Mobile search engine 20

6. Type of mobile search engine 21

7. Top 5 mobile search engine 22

8. Androide linux kernel 23

9. Feuture of Android operating system at mobile search 24-25

engine

10. Advantages of Android operating systm at mobile search 26

engine

11. Disadvantages of Android operating System at mobile 27

search engine

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Sr. No Title Page no

12. Software and Hardware Requirement 28

13. Feuture Enhancement 29

15. Conclosion 30

15. Referances 31

1.Introduction
Android is an software platform and operating system for
mobile devices. It is based onthe Linux kernel. It was developed by
Google and later the Open Handset Alliance(OHA). It allows writing
managed code in the Java language. Due to Android here isthe
possibility to write applications in other languages and compiling it to
ARM nativecode. Unveiling of the Android platform was announced on
5 November 2007 with thefounding of OHA.

It's a consortium of several companies The android operating

system is basically an operating system for mobiles and is rapidly
gaining market share, with dozens of smart phones and tablets either
released or set to be released. It is mobile operating system that uses a
modified version of the Linux kernel 2.6. Google developed Android as
part of the Open Handset Alliance, a group of more than 30 mobile and
technology companies working to open up the mobile handset
environment. Android's development kit supports many of the
standard packages used by Jetty, due to that fact and Jetty's modularity
and lightweight foot print, it was possible to port Jetty to it so that it
will be able to run on the Android platform.

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2.Project Environmentnig operating
System
An operating system (OS) is software consisting of programs
and data that runson computers and manages computer hardware
resources and provides commonservices for efficient execution of
various application software.For hardware functions such as input and
output and memory allocation, theoperating system acts as an
intermediary between application programs and thecomputer
hardware, although the application code is usually executed directly by
the hardware and will frequently call the os or be intrupted by it.

Operating System

.User

Application

Operating system

Hardware

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3.Types of Operating Systems
1.Batch Operating System:
Batch Operating system is one of the important type of
operating system. The users who using a batch operating system do not
interact with the computer directly. Each user prepares its job on an
off-line device like punch cards and submits it to the computer

operator.There is an operator which takes similar jobs having the

samerequirement and group them into batches. It is the responsibility
of the operator to sort jobs with similar needs.

Digram:Batch operating system

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Advantages of Batch Operating System:
1.It is very difficult to guess or know the time required for any job to
complete. Processors of the batch systems know how long the job
would be when it is in queue

2.Multiple users can share the batch systems

3.The idle time for the batch system is very less

4.It is easy to manage large work repeatedly in batch systems

Disadvantages of Batch Operating System:

1.The computer operators should be well known with batch systems

2.Batch systems are hard to debug

3.It is sometimes costly

4.The other jobs will have to wait for an unknown time if any job fails

Examples of Batch based Operating System: Payroll System,

Bank Statements, etc.

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2..Time Shared Operating System:
A time shared operating system allows multiple users to share
computers simultaneously. Each action or order at a time the shared
system becomes smaller, so only a little CPU time is required for each
user. As the system rapidly switches from one user to another, each
user is given the impression that the entire computer system is
dedicated to its use, although it is being shared among multiple users.

Digram:Time shared operating system

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Advantages of Time-Sharing OS:
1.Each task gets an equal opportunity

2.Fewer chances of duplication of software

3.CPU idle time can be reduced

Disadvantages of Time-Sharing OS:

1.Reliability problem

2.One must have to take care of the security and integrity of user
programs and data

3.Data communication problem

Examples of Time-Sharing OSs are: Multics, Unix, etc.

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3..Distributed Operating System:
An operating system that manages a group of independent
computers and makesthem appear to be a single computer is known as
a distributed operating system. Thedevelopment of networked
computers that could be linked and communicate with eachother, gave
rise to distributed computing.

Digram:Distributed operating system

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Advantages of Distributed Operating System:
1.Failure of one will not affect the other network communication, as all
systems are independent from each other

2.Electronic mail increases the data exchange speed

3.Since resources are being shared, computation is highly fast and

durable

4.Load on host computer reduces

5.These systems are easily scalable as many systems can be easily

added to the network

Disadvantages of Distributed Operating System:

1.Failure of the main network will stop the entire communication

2.To establish distributed systems the language which is used are not
well defined yet

3.These types of systems are not readily available as they are very
expensive. Not only that the underlying software is highly complex and
not understood well yet

Examples of Distributed Operating System are- LOCUS, etc.

4.Real-time Operating System:

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 It is a multitasking operating system that aims at executing
real-timeapplications. Real-time operating systems often use
specialized scheduling algorithmsso that they can achieve a
deterministic nature ofbehaviour. The main object of real-time
operating systems is their quick and predictable response to events.

Digram:Real
time operating
system

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Two types of Real-Time Operating System which are as
follows:
1)Hard Real-Time Systems:
These OSs are meant for applications where time constraints
are very strict and even the shortest possible delay is not acceptable.
These systems are built for saving life like automatic parachutes or
airbags which are required to be readily available in case of any
accident. Virtual memory is rarely found in these systems.

2)Soft Real-Time Systems:

These OSs are for applications where for time-constraint is less
strict.

Advantages of Real-Time Operating Syatem:

1.Maximum Consumption: Maximum utilization of devices and system,
thus more output from all the resources

2.Task Shifting: The time assigned for shifting tasks in these systems are
very less. For example, in older systems, it takes about 10 microseconds
in shifting one task to another, and in the latest systems, it takes 3
microseconds.

3.Focus on Application: Focus on running applications and less

importance to applications which are in the queue.

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4.Real-time operating system in the embedded system: Since the size of
programs are small, RTOS can also be used in embedded systems like in
transport and others.

5.Error Free: These types of systems are error-free.

Disadvantages of Real-Time Operating System:

1.Limited Tasks: Very few tasks run at the same time and their
concentration is very less on few applications to avoid errors.

2.Use heavy system resources: Sometimes the system resources are not
so good and they are expensive as well.

3.Complex Algorithms: The algorithms are very complex and difficult for
the designer to write on.

4.Device driver and interrupt signals: It needs specific device drivers

and interrupts signals to respond earliest to interrupts.

5.Thread Priority: It is not good to set thread priority as these systems

are very less prone to switching tasks.

Examples of Real-Time Operating Systems are: Scientific

experiments, medical imaging systems, industrial control systems,
weapon systems, robots, air traffic control systems, etc

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5.Network Operating System:-
These systems run on a server and provide the capability to
manage data, users, groups, security, applications, and other
networking functions. These types of operating systems allow shared
access of files, printers, security, applications, and other networking
functions over a small private network. One more important aspect of
Network Operating Systems is that all the users are well aware of the
underlying configuration, of all other users within the network, their
individual connections, etc. and that’s why these computers are
popularly known as tightly coupled systems.

Digram:Network operating system

Advantages of Network Operating System:

1.Highly stable centralized servers

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2.Security concerns are handled through servers

3.New technologies and hardware up-gradation are easily integrated

into the system

4.Server access is possible remotely from different locations and types

of systems

Disadvantages of Network Operating System:

1.Servers are costly

2.User has to depend on a central location for most operations

3.Maintenance and updates are required regularly

Examples of Network Operating System are: Microsoft

Windows Server 2003, Microsoft Windows Server 2008, UNIX, Linux,
Mac OS X, Novell NetWare, and BSD, etc.

4.Search Engine Optimization

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 Search engine optimization (SEO) is the process of improving
the visibility of a website or a web page in search engines via the
"natural" or Un-paid ("organic" or "algorithmic") search results. Other
forms of search engine marketing (SEM) target paid listings.In general,
the earlier (or higher on page), and frequently a appears in the search
results list, the more visitors it will receive from the searchengine's
users. SEO may target different kinds of search, including image search,
local search, video search, news search and industry-specific vertical
search engines.

This gives a website web presence. As an Internet marketing

strategy, SEO considers how search engines work, what people search
for, the actual search terms typed into search engines and which search
engines are preferred by their targeted audience. Optimizing a website
may involve editing its content and HTML and associated coding to
both increase its relevance to specific keywords and to remove barriers
to the indexing activities of search engines. Promoting a site to increase
the number of backlinks, or inbound links, is another SEO tactic.

5.Mobile Search Engine

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 Mobile search is an evolving branch of information retrieval
services that is centered on the convergence of mobile platforms and
mobile phones and other mobile devices. Web search engine ability in a
mobile form allows users to find mobile content web which are mobile
devices mobile

Digram:Mobile search engine

As this happens mobile content shows a media shift toward

mobile multimedia. Simply put, mobile search is not just a spatial shift
of PC web search to mobile equipment, but is witnessing more of
treelike branching into specialized segments of mobile broadband and
mobile content, both of which show a fast paced evolution.

6.Types of mobile search

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1)Mobile optimized search engines - Most major search
engines have implemented a mobile optimized version of their
products that take into consideration bandwidth and form factor
limitations of the mobile platform.

2)Mobile question and answer services - These services

allow a user to text a questionto a central database and receive a reply
using text. A usage example would be a user that wants to know the
answer to a very specific question but is not in front of his/her
computer.

3)Mobile navigation services - These services provide the

indexing structure to the portals provided by mobile operators. They
index the content already on the operators portal but alsoprovideusers
access to mobile specific content that is available outside the confines
of the portal.

4)Mobile directory search-This service is known by different

names dependent on country and operator. It can also be known as
Find My Nearest' or 'Mobile Yellow Pages' services. The basics of the
services allow users to find local services in the vicinity of their current
location.

5)Dynamic Mobile Selection Interface Services - A new

category of mobile search tool that is emerging is one in which a pre-
selected set of possible search content is downloaded in advance by a

mobile user and then allows for a 7.Top 5 mobile search

engines:

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1)Google Mobile:It starts out a bit confusing: When you first come
to Google Mobile, you find no search box. Instead, Google pushes apps
and a huge number of services. Click "Web" for web search. The search
results are based on the principle of universal search: You get images,
news, maps and more, depending on your query.

2)Taptu:Taptu is not as advanced as Google, but in most cases, it will

provide just what you need. This is a service that is tailored specifically
for touch screens and it does a great job at simplifying web search on
touch phones.

3)Yahoo! Mobile:Yahoo! Mobile offers much of the tools Google

Mobile does (there is no speech search. though). In addition, there is a
list of hot topics on the front page and easy access to turn on and off
safe search.

4)Bing Mobile:Bing Mobile has a smart design which makes

searching easy: There are quick links to directions, maps, weather and
movies on the front page. The search results are not universal (like
Google and Taptu), but tabs provide easy access to results in the
categories videos, images and news.

5)Ask Mobile:I am generally a big fan of Ask, but Ask Mobile is not
too impressive. The front page has convenient quick links to web,
images, news, local and maps & directions. The search results are easy
to navigate.

8.Android Linux Kernel

1.Linux version 2.6.x for core system services.

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2.Provides proven driver model to build the software stack from scratch
or customize it from the available software.

3.Provides memory management ,process management ,security

model, networking and lot of core OS infrastructure.

4.Android using Java over Linux is a smart move. Both Java and Linux
are proven technology, and provide portability for mobile application
on Android platform.

5.Android uses Linux for its device drivers, memory management,

process management,and networking.The next level up contains the
Android native libraries.

6.internally, but you‘ll be calling them through Java interfaces. In this

layer you can find

7.the Surface Manager, 2D and 3D graphics, Media codecs, the SQL

database (SQLite),and a native web browser engine (WebKit).Dalvik
Virtual Machine.Dalvik runs dex files, which are coverted at compile
time fromstandard class and jar files.

9.Features of Android Operating System at

mobile search engine

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1)Video calling: Android does not support native video calling,
but some handsets have a customized version ofthe operating
system that supports it, either via the UMTS network (like the
Samsung Galaxy S) or over IP. Video calling through Google Talk is
available in Android 2.3.4 (Gingerbread) and later.

2)Messaging: SMS and MMS are available forms of messaging,

including threaded text messaging and Android Cloud to Device
Messaging (C2DM) and now enhanced version of C2DM, Android
Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) is also a part of Android Push
Messaging service.

3) Multiple language support: Android supports multiple

languages.

4) Web browser: The web browser available in Android is

based on the open- source Web Kit layout engine, coupled with
Chrome’s V8 JavaScript engine. The browser scores 100/100 on the
Acid3 test on Android 4.0.

5) Multi-touch: Android has native support for multi-touch which

was initially made available in handsets such as the HTC Hero. The
feature was originally disabled at the kernel level .Google has since
released an update for the Nexus One and the Motorola Droid
which enables multi-touch natively.

6) Screen capture: Android supports capturing a screenshot

by pressing the power and volume-down buttons at the same time.
Prior to Android 4.0, the only methods of capturing a screenshot
were through

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7) Bluetooth: Supports A2DP, AVRCP, sending files (OPP), accessing
the phone book (PBAP), voice dialing and sending contacts between
phones. Keyboard, mouse and joystick (HID) support is available in
Android 3.1+, and in earlier versions through manufacturer
customizations and third-party applications.

8) Tethering: Android supports tethering, which allows a phone to

be used as wireless/wired Wi-Fi hotspot. Before Android 2.2 this was
supported by third- party applications or manufacturer customizations.

10.Advantages of android operating

system at mobile based search engine
1.Android Is More Customizable Can change almost anything.

2.In Android, any new publication can be done easily and without any
review process

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3.Use a Different Messaging App for SMS

4.Android Offers an Open Platform

5.Easy access to the Android App Market

6.Cost Effective

7.Upcoming versions have a support to save RAW images

8.Built in Beta Testing and staged rollout

9.Native integration with Google cloud storage. 15GB free, $2/mo for
100GB, 1TB for $10. Apps available for Amazon Photos, OneDrive and
Dropbox.

11.Disadvantages of Operating Sysyem

at mobile based search engine
1.Usually you need more code on Java than Objective-C.

2.Complex layouts and animations are harder to code in Android.

3.Applications contains virus also present in Android Market

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4.A lot of “process” in the background that lead to the battery quickly
drains.

5.Advertise , will always be ads on display, either the top or bottom of

the application.

6.Low security and fake apps can be installed to steal your info from
unknown resources

7.High device fragmentation

12.Software reqirement
1.Integrated browser based on the open source Web Kit engine

2.SQLite for relational data storage

3.Media support for common audio, video, and still image formats

4.Dalvik Virtual Machine optimized for mobile devices

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Hardware requirement
1.Cellular networking : GSM, EDGE, 3G

2.LAN : Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi

3.Graphics Hardware Acceleration

4.Camera, GPS and Compass

5.Touch screen and accelerometer for motion sensing

13.Future Enhancements
Google Android Sales to Overtake iPhone in 2012 .The OHA
is committed to make their vision a reality: to deploy the Android
platformfor every mobile operator, handset manufacturers and
developers to build innovative devices.Intel doesn‘t want to lose
ownership of the netbook market, so they need to prepare for
anything, including Android .Fujitsu launched an initiative to offer
consulting and engineering expertise tohelp run Android on embedded
hardware, which aside from cellphones, mobile internetdevices, and

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portable media players, could include GPS devices, thin-client
computersand set-top boxes. More Android devices are coming and
some will push the envelopeeven further With the help of Fujitsu
android is moving step forward by implementing android on embedded
hardware, with this collaboration Google can move forward in to
markets like GPS devices,Cellphones,Mobile internet devices and media
players,notebooks and set top boxes.

14.Conclusion
By this project, a unique search engine was presented for
effective searching Of information through mobile interface. The engine
adopts three methods for retrieval:two autonomousand one
combinational. The ontology-based method makes use of thesemantic
mark-up metadata accompanying each collection where an illustrative
user interface is used for graphical query formulation. The content-
based method makes useof the low-level visual characteristics of the
multimedia material while the hybridmethod, which is the main
contribution of this work, makes a combined use of the previous two
methods for offering a more complete result set to the user.Easy access

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and portability of the system also helps to increase the performance of
thesystem in a better manner.Future work includes the extension of the
hybrid search engine and the integration of additional cultural content.
Finally we are investigating the addition of a semanticrecommendation
engine to be able to make additional query suggestions to the user inan
automatic manner

15.References
[1]http://www2.dcsec.uni

[2]http://digitalforensicssolutions.com/papers/android-memory-
analysis-DI.pdf

[3]http://www.uandistar.org/2011/ 06/paper-presentatio n-on-

android.html

[4] http://www.studymode.com/ essays/Android-Research-Paper-

1068648.html

[5] http://www.4shared.com/ office/0RX_5-iE/file.html

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[6] http://www.immagic.com/ e L i b r a r y / a r c h i v e s / g e n e r a l /
w i k i p e d i / w110410o.pdf
[7]http://students.mint.ua.edu/~pmkilgo/etc/androidos.pdf

[8] http://www.acumin.co.uk/ download_files/ WhitePaper/

android_white_paper_2.pdf

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