INATEC

Tecnológico Nacional

STUDENT MANUAL

PROFESSIONAL VALUES

DISCIPLINE: LANGUAGE
LEVEL OF EDUCATION: SPECIALIST TECHNICIAN
PROFESSIONAL VALUES
 CREDITS
This is a National Technological Institute INATEC publication.

The contents used to create this manual come from different authors. We have put
a lot of effort to make sure that this study material provides students with accurate
and valuable information. In fact, this information is being constantly revised and
updated. Nevertheless, INATEC will not be responsible for the validation of this
material nor the outcomes achieved by its usage.

Reproduction and diffusion of this material for educational or any other non-
commercial usage is authorized without previous written authorization. However,
the information source must be emphasized.
 INTRODUCTION

The manual “Professional Values” is aimed to help English teachers to improve the teaching–learning
process in the primary, secondary and technical classroom.

The main purpose of this manual is providing teachers with technical foundations in order to
complement and strengthen the different skills.
This manual is composed by the following units:
1. Moral and Professional Values conceptual base
2. Teacher's Moral and Professional Values
3. Application of Moral Values Education in Academic Institutions
4. Emotional Education in Academic Institutions
5. Legal Framework in Nicaraguan Educational System

General, technical and scientific information you need to know in order to acquire the competence
unit and competences elements are provided by this unit contents.
This manual contains illustrations, drawings, and graphics intended to help you internalize target
information.

Unknown words and technical terms not commonly used are defined and placed along the text. You
can find them within the text as footnotes which are labeled with numbers.

At the end of the manual you will find the following information:
Annexes
Index and images
Bibliography

We hope that this information will help you to improve your language teaching skills.
 INDEX

UNIT I: MORAL AND PROFESSIONAL VALUES CONCEPTUAL BASE ............................................................................1

1. Moral and Professional values definition.................................................................................................................................................1
1.1. Essential Moral and Professional Values............................................................................................................................................................2
1.2. Importance of Moral Values .................................................................................................................................................................................. 3
UNIT II: TEACHER'S MORAL AND PROFESSIONAL VALUES........................................................................................... 5
1. Teacher's Moral Values.............................................................................................................................................................................. 5
1.1. Teacher's Professional Values............................................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.2. Moral values education...........................................................................................................................................................................................8
UNIT III: APPLICATION OF MORAL VALUES EDUCATION IN ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS........................................ 10
1. The role of schools in Moral Values Education..................................................................................................................................... 10
1.1. Role of Teachers Moral Values Education........................................................................................................................................................ 11
1.2. Strategies to teach Moral Values ....................................................................................................................................................................... 12
UNIT IV: EMOTIONAL EDUCATION IN ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS.............................................................................. 14
1. Emotional Intelligence Conceptual Base...............................................................................................................................................14
1.1. Social and emotional learning (SEL)................................................................................................................................................................... 16
UNIT V: LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN NICARAGUAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM.................................................................. 18
1. Legal Framework Conceptual Base........................................................................................................................................................18
1.1. The universal Declaration of Human Rights.................................................................................................................................................... 18
1.2. Nicaraguan Political constitution applied to education................................................................................................................................ 19

INDEX OF TABLE AND FIGURE...................................................................................................................................................................21

BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................................................................................................................................................................22
 Unit I: Moral and Professional Values Conceptual Base

UNIT I: MORAL AND PROFESSIONAL VALUES CONCEPTUAL BASE

In this unit you will learn about the moral and professional values definitions, Essential moral and
professional values and their importance in life.
1. Moral and Professional values definition
In today’s era of competition and survival we observe laxity
in moral values and professional ethics. Industrialization
has led to the emergence of high life style and raised
the standard of living of people. It has made man rich in
materialistic sense but deteriorated the ethical fiber in the
society. People crave for money, power and pelf. They are
ready to jeopardize the interest of other people in pursuit
of their selfish gains. Corruption in religious, economic,
social, educational field is rampant. We come across many
social evils in the society. People exposure to mass-media
is another factor that contributes to the unprecedented
lack of moral values and professional ethics. Figure 1. Moral and professional values
In this modern world scenario, it is fundamental for all
teachers around the world to include moral values and
professional ethics components into their day by day
teaching routine.

Moral and Professional Values definitions

MORAL AND PROFESSIONAL
VALUES DEFINITIONS

Moral Values are the worthy

principles that one follows Professional
to distinguish the right from Values are defined as the
the wrong. These virtues personal and corporate
are considered worthy in rules that govern behavior
building up the character of an within the context of a
individual.  particular profession. 

Figure 2. Moral Values and Professional Values Conceptual Base

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Professional Values
1.1. Essential Moral and Professional Values
Table 1. Moral and Professional Values
Moral Values
Humility is the quality of being humble. You
should know where you fit in with respect to the
bigger picture.
Empathy is the capacity to understand or feel
what another person is experiencing from within
their frame of reference, that is, the capacity to
place oneself in another’s position.
Integrity is the practice of being honest and
showing a consistent and uncompromising
adherence to strong moral and ethical principles
and values. Integrity is regarded as the honesty
and truthfulness or accuracy of one’s actions.
Discipline is the quality of being able to behave
and work in a controlled way which involves
obeying particular rules or standards.
Courage is the ability to challenge your own
convictions and societal norms such as traditions
& cultures. Do the right thing.
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Professional Values
Accountability is considered as the key
professional value that any employee must hold
onto. An employee needs to take responsibility
for his/her actions. If you are a leader, you are
accountable for the actions of your team.
Responsibility is a very relevant value all
employees should embrace. It can be defined
as a strong sense of commitment employees
have regarding the duties assigned to him/
her. Following the rules and regulations of the
company and diligently performing your duties
make you a responsible employee.
Professional attitude is linked with how an
employee deals with his/her duties. Displaying a
positive attitude at work might motivate your co-
workers. Also, employees must accept feedbacks
in a positive manner & should always be open to
communication. An employee must know how to
handle pressure and stress in adverse conditions.
Continuous learning is another great professional
value employees should have. An employee has
to learn from every opportunity provided. Accept
what you do not know and try to learn it from
others.
Teamwork is a professional value most employers
are looking for. To become successful, you need
to do teamwork & one day you may definitely be
the leader of a team. Taking the complete team
together is an important value for a team leader.
You must ensure that all the team members are
on the same page.
 Unit I: Moral and Professional Values Conceptual Base

1.2. Importance of Moral Values

Individuals who possess these qualities are considered to be an asset to society. Parents want their
children to bear a good moral character. Families around the world are very serious about imbibing
moral values. Moral values help people develop a strong and impressive personality. Also, they are
able to judge and differentiate between right and wrong if they are taught moral values. It definitely
changes how they perceive the world and behave.
Moral values guide people throughout their lives. From childhood to adulthood they keep on
transforming and so do their morals. They help in building good relationships in personal as well as
professional lives. They help in countering bad influences in society.
Moral values are important so that individuals can contribute to society and live within the established
rules. They can help you face difficult situations in life. Moral Values can boost self-confidence and be
a key to self-motivation. They help in eradicating dishonesty, violence, cheating, jealousy from one’s
life. Moral values give you balance in your life.

The importance of
Moral Values

Developing
Moral values help of an strong
in countering and impresive
bad influences in personality
society

Judge and
Moral values guide
diffirentiate
people throughout
between righy and
their lives
wrong

Afect how people

percive the world
and behave

Figure 3. The importance of Moral values

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Professional Values

1.3. Importance of professional values.

The professional values are at the core of the standards. The same values are reflected across the
standards and are relevant to all employees. Values are complex and they work to shape who we
are as professionals. The values are demonstrated through all our professional relationships and
practices. The connections between values and practices need to be regularly considered over the
course of an individual's career. This is an important part of being a critically reflective and enquiring
professional.
Professional values are key to establish healthy interpersonal relationships among co-workers which
contributes to achieve efficiency and effectiveness. Moreover, they are the foundation that rules the
ethic code employees should respect and embrace when engaging in his duties at work. Besides,
professional values help companies and institutions to create a great sense of belonging since all
employees adopt the same behavior code which make them feel that they are all part of the team.
These values can often be overlooked, and become platitudes or 'hurrah' words. After all, who would
not want to claim they are committed to 'social justice' or 'trust and respect'? They are all difficult areas
to 'measure' and 'evidence' in practice. Therefore, employers should put a lot of effort in promoting
activities concerned with the development of professional values in employees such as workshops,
meetings, discussion forums and dynamics.

The importance
of Professional
Values

Moral values are

Contribute to intrinsically linked
achieve eficiency to employees
and effectiveness practices

Establish healthy
interpersonal
relationships Core standards
among

Co-workers
Help to create a
great sense of
belonging

Figure 4. The importance of Professional Values

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 Unit II: Teacher's Moral and Professional Values

UNIT II: TEACHER'S MORAL AND PROFESSIONAL VALUES

In this unit you will learn about different Moral and Professional values teachers must embrace when
engaging in their daily duties. Besides, you will familiarize with moral values education and its benefits.

1. Teacher's Moral Values

Being a teacher is one of the most important
professions in the world since teachers are in
charge of forming students regarding both academic
knowledge and society moral values. Moreover,
Students are the reflections of a teacher. The way
teacher acts, behaves, talks, everything is followed
by his/her student. So, it is very necessary for a
teacher to be mindful about his/her actions. There are
some values teacher should always possess. Upon
possessing these values both inside and outside
classroom, he/she shall find the students getting in
proper path and eventually producing better results. Figure 5. Teacher's Moral Values

Here are some of the most remarkable moral values teachers should grasp.
Table 2. Teacher's Moral Values

Teacher's Moral Values

It's necessary for a teacher to be honest with his/her job role and responsibility.
Students always follow what teacher does and reflect on them. Teachers
should be careful about what he or she does and also make sure of fulfilling
commitments he/she makes. Once a student finds teacher not sticking to his/her
Integrity words then, the student shall also start ignoring the teacher. Pretending to know
everything might not be a good idea for teachers. Teachers could be doing so
to make sure students always follow him/her but should there be any confusion
to teacher himself/herself, he/she should have integrity to explain the situation.
The teacher can tell the student that he/she will get back with the solution.
Teachers should always possess a sense of hope that their students can do
better. Some students could be weak and might not be able to catch up along
with the pace. It's a major responsibility for a teacher to always stick with the
Sense of hope for
possibility of those students progressing in their academics and in their life as
students
well. All students don't have the same capacity of learning. They have different
learning styles so, teachers should exercise different ways of explaining core
concepts and have confidence in their students instead of giving up on them.

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Professional Values

Teacher's Moral Values

If something's to be done, just go for it with feeling and sense of urgency. Don't
just wait or linger as time is valuable and students invest a lot of time expecting
to learn something meaningful and important and you can't just procrastinate.
Sense of urgency
The more you linger, you shall find yourself with little time in the days to come
for your lesson plans, objectives and you could struggle in meeting academic as
well as non-academic goals you set for your students.
If you are thinking, teachers are meant to teach to students then you are missing
something. Teachers aren't just to teach but they are in continuous process of
learning too. Should they stop learning themselves, their teaching turns dull.
The world advances with technology, knowledge steadily and it is responsibility
Continuous self-
of a teacher to stay updated in order to prepare student for all the upcoming
learning
changes in the society and world. Moreover, teachers should be accountable
in learning from students as well. Classroom is a mini-society itself and teacher
can also learn a lot of things about different culture and beliefs in a classroom
from students.
Students aren't the only ones accountable to exhibit respect. Teachers also
need to have respect and responsibility towards students. In fact, a teacher who
Mutual respect doesn't respect his/her students cannot earn their respect. Teachers should
and responsibility always feel the responsibility towards students. Parents, society as well as the
children invest having faith in teachers and should teacher be willing to get rid of
the responsibility, the whole learning and teaching process turns meaningless.
It is important both when encountering individual learners and groups but also
Fairness in the work community. Fairness involves in particular promoting equality and
non-discrimination and avoiding favoritism.

Being a Teacher is one of the professions that has more morality attached to it along
with doctor, police officer and soldier. since teachers play such a remarkable role
in shaping students through their academic formation, it is essential for teachers to
have a great command of moral values.

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 Unit II: Teacher's Moral and Professional Values

1.1. Teacher's Professional Values

PROFESSIONAL ETHICS

The aim of Teachers’ Moral professional values is to

draw attention to the ethics involved in teaching. Good
professional ethics are among a teacher’s most important
resources. Teachers commit to the standards and ethics
of their work. Therefore, Teachers teach in a manner
that reflects the professional ethics embraced by the
educational institution they work for.

Figure 6. Teacher's Professional Values

Here are some of the most important teacher's professional values

Responsibility: Teachers should always be committed to the high demands and standards
intrinsically attached to the teaching field. Since Teachers are responsible for forming
students in both academic and life regards, there is a lot of pressure which teachers
should accept and embrace with great sense.

Respect: Teachers should always treat leaners as unique human beings respecting
their rights with a sense of humanity and fairness. Also, Teachers must respect student’s
personality and privacy. Besides, Teachers have to promote co-operation in the class
in order to help students build on confidence and contribute to create an appropriate
learning environment.
Co-operation: Teachers value their work and respect their colleagues. Teachers try to
pool their resources and find a balance between their autonomy and the work community.
Besides, Accepting the individuality of colleagues, understanding them and helping and
supporting each other.

Commitment with society: Teaching is one of the most important jobs in society. Teachers’
ability to be effective in their work and take care of their professional development are
dependent not only on their commitment, but also on the resources allocated to teaching
and education. Teachers promote the opportunities offered by education and growth.
Teachers represent, above all, learners’ rights and interests – even critically, if necessary.
In their work, they also teach learners to become responsible members of a democratic.

Plurality: Teachers need to ensure that all learners have the same rights and obligations
as members of society. They make sure that learners and their parents’ cultures and world
views are respected equally and that no one is discriminated against based on them.

According to Weis and Schank, professional values are standards for action that
are accepted by professional groups and individuals, and are used to evaluate the
integrity of the individual or organization.

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Professional Values

1.2. Moral values education

Moral education refers to helping individuals acquire those virtues or moral habits that will help them
live good lives and at the same time become productive, contributing members of their communities.
In this view, moral education should contribute not only to the students as individuals, but also to the
social cohesion of a community.

When most people talk about educational institution curriculum, they think about math, science, social
studies, and language courses. Seldom do I hear or read about moral values as being part of the
curriculum. The problem is that the neglect of teaching moral values in educational institutions is
hurting our students and causing problems in society. If a person has never learned any moral values,
how is she or he able to discern the difference between right and wrong? That is basically the essence
of moral values education.

There are plenty reasons to teach moral values at school, here are some of the most important ones:
Table 3. Reasons to teach Moral Values in Educational Institutions

The importance of moral value education

Knowledge gained in school is only one goal of education. The primary
goals of education should be enabling students to gain knowledge and
Preparing students for moral values. Our students will need both in preparing themselves to be
future roles in society good parents and citizens in society.

If all parents were teaching their children moral values at home, it would
not be necessary for the schools to do this work, the sad fact is that a
Many parents aren’t lot of kids are not learning from their parents the difference between
teaching moral values right and wrong. This is because most mothers and fathers in their busy
workdays spend only a few hours with their children. In many families,
there is only one parent and no other role models for kids to follow.
Every day students are exposed to violence, dishonesty, and other social
problems in the media and the real world. How many times have we
There is too much
heard about school shootings? What about other times when students
violence and dishonesty
are caught cheating on exams? Then, too, we read about bullying in
in society
school and fights between gangs. If moral values were taught in schools,
we would have fewer of these problems.
Unfortunately, many of the role models of young people are setting
Countering bad bad examples. These bad examples range from sexual promiscuity,
influences in society degrading of women, advocacy of violence, and the condoning of
dishonesty to succeed.
It's amazing the amount of math and science knowledge I have forgotten
since my school days. I haven't, however, forgotten moral value lessons
Moral values will stick
learned in school. Lack of learning of moral values in early stages of
with you for life
students formation might lead to adaptation problems in society since
moral values are the behavior code that keeps society together.

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 Unit II: Teacher's Moral and Professional Values

Benefits of Moral Value Education in academic institutions.

There are plenty benefits associated to the implementation of moral value education in academic
institutions. Here are some of the most remarkable ones.

Development of a more humanistic classroom environment

Improvement of a Human relations between Teacher-Teacher,Teacher-

Student, Student-Student.

Helping healthy emotional development in students.

Facilitation of socialization and participation in interactive learning

activities.

Improvement of students discipline and moral behavior.

Improvement ofthe standard of teaching and learning

Figure 7. Benefits of Moral Value education in academic institutions.

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Professional Values

APPLICATION OF MORAL VALUES EDUCATION IN ACADEMIC

UNIT III: INSTITUTIONS

In this unit you will learn about the roles of schools and teachers in Moral Values Education. Moreover,
you will familiarize with strategies used to teach Moral Values at school.

1. The role of schools in Moral Values Education

Hersh (1979) states that parents see schools as

being largely responsible for the moral behavior
of their children; a view supported by Cummings
et al. (1988), who refer to surveys carried out in
the United States of America which indicate that
parents are just as concerned that schools help
students to develop standards of morality as
to teach them the three Rs. Hersh (1979) sums
up the role of the school as that of transmitting
knowledge and skills and above all, the values
necessary for survival in an ever-changing
society. Certainly, there is no question as to the
importance of the school in preparing young Figure 8. The role of schools in Moral Values Education
people to fit into society and as a result great
emphasis has been placed on moral education in
schools in recent times.

Here are some of the most important roles of schools in Moral Values Education

Provide learners with teachers who display moral values for students to have good
role models to follow.

Work with Parents and the community to raise awareness about the importance of
good moral values.

Organize learning and extra-curricular activities that promotes moral values such as
formal discussions, sport events, etc.

Include Moral Values as lesson plans' regular components.

Figure 9. he role of schools in Moral value Education

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 Unit III: Application of Moral Values Education in Academic Institutions

Moral Value Education controversy

Here has been much controversy among educationalists over the question of indoctrination where
moral education is concerned. Wilson (1970 p. 71) views as inadequate any approach to moral education
which uses indoctrination. Moral education, he says, “is emphatically, not a matter of persuading
people to behave in certain ways laid down by others; it is rather a matter of helping the individual
to decide and act more reasonably for himself.” Kay (1969) expresses the opinion that indoctrination
has no place at all where moral education is concerned for indoctrination lies simply in the aim of
instruction and since the aim of moral education is to produce morally autonomous citizens, then
no method of teaching can be regarded as indoctrination. Bull (1973) does not speak out directly
against indoctrination, but he does suggest that whatever the approach used, moral education should
ultimately provide young people with practical experience of situations which would teach them the
basic principles necessary for living in society. He sums up moral education into three basic themes:
self, others and the relationship between self and others.
Generally, indoctrination does involve certain restrictions on the individual and it poses limitations on
his ability to integrate fully into society. It also gives rise to the problem of whose values should be
taught or indoctrinated - the individual teacher, a group, or the society? It seems logical to conclude
that exposing students to various situations which will help them form their own principles would
be far better that prescribing principles to them and this would preclude the problems posed by
indoctrination.

1.1. Role of Teachers Moral Values Education

Ordinary Teachers can bring about extraordinary

transformation in the society. A teacher should
practice what he preaches. Teachers are a role-model
for the students. Their actions convey more than their
words. Students learn values from what the teachers
are rather than from what they say. Teacher makes
a maximum impact on the personality of a student
in the formative years. Students imbibe virtues and
vices knowingly and unknowingly from theses role
Figure 10. Role of Teachers Moral Values Education
models. Teachers demonstrate the appropriate
behavior of their students by their actions.
Teachers must have healthy attitude and should possess rich values. Teaching is all about attitude
(positive/ negative) towards their job of imparting quality education. Teacher should act as a friend,
philosopher and guide. A teacher is not only a source of information but is also a mentor and guardian.
For this teacher must respect the teaching profession, love her subjects and students, Students will
seek inspiration from teachers who have high self-esteem.

A decade back or so the role of a teacher was limited to being a source of information. But today this
place is shared by books, coaching classes, multimedia technology etc. So the role of a teacher is
marginalized. Role of a teacher has increased manifold. In modern times we are experiencing transition.
A teacher can maintain values and nurture them. A teacher has an immense potential of bringing about
a great change in the society by demonstrating essential values of head and heart. Teacher can impart
values in students by giving them instructions through discussion, experimentation and lectures.

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Professional Values

The role of the teacher in Moral Value Education

Being a role model for students to follow.

Promoting a healthy class environment that promotes moral values.

Including moral values as a component of learning activities in the class.

Helping students to build good interpersonal relationships

Figure 11. Role of Teachers in Moral Values Education

1.2. Strategies to teach Moral Values

Nowadays, schools in Nicaragua are including moral

values as part of their curriculum. Nevertheless,
Teachers commonly struggle to find appropriate
learning strategies to convey moral values in the
classroom.

Here there are some of the easiest and most effective

strategies to teach moral values.

Figure 12. Strategies to teach Moral Values

Telling and Reading Stories that promotes moral values: Most students, enjoy reading
folktales, fairy tales, and stories where animals and heroes are the main characters. These
short stories often convey a message related to moral values such as honesty, integrity,
empathy and more.

Learning and Singing Songs: Students love learning and singing songs especially if they
can identify with the music. Songs are a great way to teach moral values and have fun at
the same time.

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 Unit III: Application of Moral Values Education in Academic Institutions

Role-playing a Story: The acting out of folktales and fairy tales provides students with the
chance of practicing both linguistic skills and moral values at the same time.

Playing educational games: Most students love playing games in the classroom which
gives teachers the chance to instill the moral value of co-operation.

Teaching Vocabulary with Associations: The moral values of good and bad can be
introduced when teaching new vocabulary to students. One successful way of doing this
is by teaching vocabulary with associations. For example, when teaching the meaning of
"good" to students, teachers could draw pictures or show the students pictures of a mother
holding a baby, Santa Claus, and a doctor. By seeing all of these pictures associated with
"good", the student gets a mental image and a real.

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Professional Values

UNIT IV: EMOTIONAL EDUCATION IN ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS

In this unit you will learn about Emotional intelligence conceptual base as well as emotional Intelligence
effects and attributes. Besides, you will familiarize with Social Emotional Learning commonly referred
to as SEL.

1. Emotional Intelligence Conceptual Base

Emotional intelligence is the quality that

enables us to negotiate with patience, insight
and temperance the central problems in our
relationships with others and with ourselves.
Therefore, it plays a great role in Teacher-
Teacher, Teacher-Student and Student-Student
relationships.

Why is emotional intelligence so important?

As we know, it’s not the smartest people who are the most successful or the most fulfilled in life. You
probably know people who are academically brilliant and yet are socially inept and unsuccessful at
work or in their personal relationships. Intellectual ability or your intelligence quotient (IQ) isn’t enough
on its own to achieve success in life. Yes, your IQ can help you get into college, but it’s your EQ that will
help you manage the stress and emotions when facing your final exams. IQ and EQ exist in tandem
and are most effective when they build off on another.

Your performance at
school or work. 

Your physical health Emotional intelligence Your mental health

effects

Your relationships

Figure 13. Emotional intelligence effects

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 Unit IV: Emotional Education in Academic Institutions

Emotional intelligence attributes

Self-awareness: The ability to accurately recognize one’s emotions and thoughts and their influence
on behavior. This includes accurately assessing one’s strengths and limitations and possessing a well-
grounded sense of confidence and optimism.

Self-management: The ability to regulate one’s emotions, thoughts, and behaviors effectively in
different situations. This includes managing stress, controlling impulses, motivating oneself, and
setting and working toward achieving personal and academic goals.

Social awareness: The ability to take the perspective of and empathize with others from diverse
backgrounds and cultures, to understand social and ethical norms for behavior, and to recognize
family, school, and community resources and supports.

Relationship skills: The ability to establish and maintain healthy and rewarding relationships with
diverse individuals and groups. This includes communicating clearly, listening actively, cooperating,
resisting inappropriate social pressure, negotiating conflict constructively, and seeking and offering
help when needed.

Responsible decision-making: The ability to make constructive and respectful choices about personal
behavior and social interactions based on consideration of ethical standards, safety concerns, social
norms, the realistic evaluation of consequences of various actions, and the well-being of self and
others.

Self awareness

Self
Management

Emotional Responsible
Intelligence decision making

Relationship
skills

Social
Awarenness

Figure 14. Emotional Intelligence attributes

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Professional Values

1.1. Social and emotional learning (SEL)

Traditionally, education focuses on three R’s: reading, writing, and arithmetic. But in order to become
happy and caring individuals, those skills are not enough. Increasingly, there’s also attention to ’soft
skills’, most often called social-emotional learning, or SEL.

Social and emotional learning (SEL) is the process through which children and adults understand and
manage emotions, set and achieve positive goals, feel and show empathy for others, establish and
maintain positive relationships, and make responsible decisions.

Emotional Competence

Emotional competence describes the ability a

person has to express his or her own emotions Intrapersonal Interpersonal
with complete freedom, and it is derived from
emotional intelligence, which is the ability to
identify emotions. Competence is the level of
skill with which someone interacts constructively Self-
with other people. Relationships
Responsability
This personal emotional competence is based
on a person’s recognition of individual emotions
and how emotions affect other people, and it is Reflection and
also based on the ability to maintain emotional Feelings
control and adapt. We must keep in mind that a
person has to be capable of understanding their
personal emotions before they evaluate the
emotions of other people. Self-Awareness

Emotional competence can be described as

having two sides:
Self-
intrapersonal (inside, self) and interpersonal Development
(relationships).
Figure 15. Emotional Competence (Intrapersonal &
Interpersonal)
Social competence

Another individual aspect of emotional competence is social competence, which refers to empathy
towards others. It encompasses the skills we need to be successful in a work atmosphere and in
relationships. It is very important to use effective communication and to know how to manage conflicts.

Through emotional competence, human beings have the ability to react to their personal emotions and
those experienced by other people. An individual can respond correctly when someone experiences
emotions like anger, fear, and pain.

Recognizing one’s own emotions opens up the possibility of responding properly to the emotions that
other people experience. Without knowing one’s own emotions, it is difficult to help or feel empathy
for another.

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 Unit IV: Emotional Education in Academic Institutions

Table 4. Social Competence

Recognition Regulation
•• Self-confidence
•• Awareness of your emotional •• Getting along well with others
state •• Handling conflicts effectively
Personal
competence •• Recognizing how your behavior •• Clearly expressing ideas and information
impacts others •• Using sensitivity to another person´s
•• Paying attention to how others feelings (empathy) to manage interactions
influence your
•• Picking up in the mood of the
room •• Getting along well with others
•• Caring what others are going •• Handling conflicts effectively
Social through.
competence •• Clearly expressing ideas /information
•• Hearing what the other person is •• Using sensitivity to another person´s
“really” saying feelings (empathy) to manage interactions

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UNIT V: LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN NICARAGUAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM

In this Unit you will learn about Legal framework conceptual base, The Universal Declaration of Human
Rights, and Nicaraguan Political constitution applied to education.
1. Legal Framework Conceptual Base

Legal Framework can be defined as a set of laws, regulations and decrees which governs the execution
of particular functions.

Legal frameworks are created when a situation requires legal support to be carried out. Legal
frameworks are composed by several important documents such as: Countries Political Constitution,
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, legislation, policy, regulations among others.

Political Constitution

General Laws

Regulations

Legal Acts

Court Ruling and

Admin
istrativ
e Reso
lutions

Figure 16. Kelsen’s Pyramid

1.1. The universal Declaration of Human Rights

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a milestone document

in the history of human rights. Drafted by representatives with different legal
and cultural backgrounds from all regions of the world, the Declaration was
proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in Paris on December
10th ,1 948 by General Assembly resolution 217 A (III) as a common standard
of achievements for all peoples and all nations. It sets out, for the first time,
fundamental human rights to be universally protected. Since its adoption in
1948, the UDHR has been translated into more than 500 languages - the
most translated document in the world - and has inspired the constitutions Figure 17. The universal
of many newly independent States and many new democracies. Declaration of Human
Rights

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 Unit V: Legal Framework in Nicaraguan Educational System

Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity,
language, religion, or any other status. Human rights include the right to life and liberty, freedom from
slavery and torture, freedom of opinion and expression, the right to work and education, and many
more. Everyone is entitled to these rights, without discrimination.

One of the most important human rights is having access to education since education plays a great
role in forming citizens around the world in both academic and life regards. We as teachers should
familiarize with articles that are related to education in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in
order to embrace and promote them.

Here are some articles from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights concerned with education:

Table 5. Universal Declaration of Human Rights articles

concerned with education

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Article. 26.1
Article 26.2
Article 26.3

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

https://www.un.org/en/udhrbook/pdf/udhr_booklet_en_web.
pdf

1.2. Nicaraguan Political constitution applied to education.

Nicaraguan Political Constitution

It is a set of laws that establishes how citizens in a country should behave

in order to achieve well-being and pace. It states all citizen’s rights and
obligations. It is the most important legal document since all other laws,
regulations and decrees are subordinated to it.

On January 09, 1987 The Nicaraguan National Assembly passed and

announced publically the new Political Constitution of the Republic of
Nicaragua.
Figure 18. Nicaraguan
Political Constitution

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Professional Values

Nicaraguan Political Constitution articles concerned with education

Table 6. Nicaraguan Political Constitution articles concerned

with education

Nicaraguan Political Constitution

Article .116
Article.117
Article. 119

Nicaraguan Political Constitution

https://www.asamblea.gob.ni/assets/constitucion.pdf

“Ley General de Education”

This law establishes all general regulations concerned with education and the national educational
system. Also, it dictates the state's obligations regarding educations as well as the rights and duties
of all citizens working in the education field. Besides, it regulates all activities related to education in
both public and private academic institutions.

“Ley de Carrera Docente”

It is a law that regulates the relationship between the educators, the state and society. This law states
the rights and duties educators working for both public and private institutions have.

“Ley de Carrera Docente” articles.

Table 7. Articles from " Ley de Carreta Docente"

“Ley de Carrera Docente”

Article.2
Article.3
Article.36
Aritcle.37

Ley de Carrera Docente

http://www.oas.org/juridico/spanish/mesicic2_nic_anexo6.pdf

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 Unit V: Legal Framework in Nicaraguan Educational System

INDEX OF TABLE AND FIGURE

TABLE
Table 1. Moral and Professional Values.......................................................................................................................................................................... 2
Table 2. Teacher's Moral Values...................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Table 3. Reasons to teach Moral Values in Educational Institutions...................................................................................................................... 8
Table 4. Social Competence............................................................................................................................................................................................ 17
Table 5. Universal Declaration of Human Rights articles concerned with education......................................................................................19
Table 6. Nicaraguan Political Constitution articles concerned with education.................................................................................................20
Table 7. Articles from " Ley de Carreta Docente"......................................................................................................................................................20

FIGURE
Figure 1. Moral and professional values......................................................................................................................................................................... 1
Figure 2. Moral Values and Professional Values Conceptual Base........................................................................................................................ 1
Figure 3. The importance of Moral values.................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Figure 4. The importance of Professional Values....................................................................................................................................................... 4
Figure 5. Teacher's Moral Values.................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Figure 6. Teacher's Professional Values.........................................................................................................................................................................7
Figure 7. Benefits of Moral Value education in academic institutions................................................................................................................... 9
Figure 9. he role of schools in Moral value Education..............................................................................................................................................10
Figure 8. The role of schools in Moral Values Education.........................................................................................................................................10
Figure 10. Role of Teachers Moral Values Education.................................................................................................................................................11
Figure 12. Strategies to teach Moral Values................................................................................................................................................................12
Figure 11. Role of Teachers in Moral Values Education.............................................................................................................................................12
Figure 13. Emotional intelligence effects......................................................................................................................................................................14
Figure 14. Emotional Intelligence attributes.................................................................................................................................................................15
Figure 15. Emotional Competence (Intrapersonal & Interpersonal).......................................................................................................................16
Figure 16. Kelsen’s Pyramid.............................................................................................................................................................................................18
Figure 17. The universal Declaration of Human Rights.............................................................................................................................................18
Figure 18. Nicaraguan Political Constitution................................................................................................................................................................19

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Professional Values

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Moral Values and Professional Values Conceptual Base
https://criticalthinkeracademy.com/courses/moral-arguments/lectures/659294
https://medium.com/@seo_47773/importance-of-moral-values-in-students-life-6458a3102a78

Teacher's Moral Values

https://www.educationtopia.net/blog/core-values-teacher-demonstrate
Teacher's Professional Ethics Principles
https://www.oaj.fi/en/education/ethical-principles-of-teaching/teachers-values-and-ethical-
principles/#teachers-and-relationship-with-work
Moral values education
https://soapboxie.com/social-issues/Teaching-Moral-Values-in-School-A-Necessary-Part-of-the-
Curriculum

Role of Teachers in Moral Values education

https://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jhss/papers/ICAET-2014/volume-1/4.pdf

Importance of moral values

https://allaboutkiids.com/values/importance-of-moral-values-for-kids/

Role of schools in Moral value education

https://www.grin.com/document/318375

Strategies to teach Moral Values

https://hubpages.com/politics/How-to-Teach-Moral-Values-in-Schools-Five-Useful-Classroom-
Activities

Emotional education
https://casel.org/what-is-sel/

Legal Framework Conceptual Base

https://portaltec.tecnacional.edu.ni/media/archivos_transversal/Manual_promoci%C3%B3n_de_
valores.pdf

The universal Declaration of Human Rights

https://www.un.org/en/udhrbook/pdf/udhr_booklet_en_web.pdf
Nicaraguan Political constitution applied to education.
https://www.asamblea.gob.ni/assets/constitucion.pdf

http://www.oas.org/juridico/spanish/mesicic2_nic_anexo6.pdf

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INATEC
Tecnológico Nacional

First Edition, March 2020

www.tecnacional.edu.ni
Tel: 2253-8888