CHAPTER 4:

Synchronous Generator
& Motor

TUTORIAL
 Q1

A 480-V, 250-kVA, 0.8-PF-lagging, two-pole, three-phase, 60-Hz synchronous

generator’s prime mover has a no-load speed of 3650 r/min and a full-load
speed of 3570 r/min. It is operating in parallel with a 480-V, 250-kVA, 0.85-
PF-lagging, four-pole 60-Hz synchronous generator whose prime mover has a
no-load speed of 1800 r/min and a full-load speed of 1780 r/min. The loads
supplied by the two generators consist of 300 kW at 0.8 PF lagging.
a) Calculate the speed droops of generator 1 and generator 2. [Ans:
SD1=2.24%, SD2 =1.12%]
b) Find the operating frequency of the power system [Ans: fsys = 59.627 Hz]
c) Find the power being supplied by each of the generators in this system
[Ans: P1 =181 kW & P2= 191kW]
d) What must the generator’s operators do to adjust the operating
frequency to 60 Hz? [Ans:
e) If the current line voltage is 460 V, what must the generator’s operators
do to correct for the low terminal voltage?[Ans]
 

Question: Electric Machinery Fundamentals-Solution Manual [EXP-4736]

A 480-V, 250-kVA, 0.8-PF-lagging, two-pole, three-phase, 60-Hz synchronous generator’s

prime mover
has a no-load speed of 3650 r/min and a full-load speed of 3570 r/min. It is operating in
parallel with a
480-V, 250-kVA, 0.85-PF-lagging, four-pole 60-Hz synchronous generator whose prime
mover has a noload speed of 1800 r/min and a full-load speed of 1780 r/min. The loads

supplied by the two generators

consist of 300 kW at 0.8 PF lagging.

(a) Calculate the speed droops of generator 1 and generator 2.

(b) Find the operating frequency of the power system.

(c) Find the power being supplied by each of the generators in this system.

(d) What must the generator’s operators do to adjust the operating frequency to 60 Hz?

(e) If the current line voltage is 460 V, what must the generator’s operators do to correct
for the low

terminal voltage?

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 Q2
A generating station for a power system consists of four 300-MVA, 15-kV, 0.85-PF- lagging
synchronous generators with identical speed droop characteristics operating in parallel. The
governors on the generators’ prime movers are adjusted to produce a 3-Hz drop from no load
to full load. Three of these generators are each supplying a steady 200 MW at a frequency of
60 Hz, while the fourth generator (called the swing generator) handles all incremental load
changes on the system while maintaining the system’s frequency at 60 Hz.

a) At a given instant, the total system loads are 650 MW at a frequency of 60 Hz. What are
the no-load frequencies of each of the system’s generators? [Ans: fnl1=62.35Hz, fnl1 at 4th
gen= 60.59 Hz)
b) If the system load rises to 725 MW and the generator’s governor set points do not change,
what will the new system frequency be? [Ans: fsys = 59.78 Hz)
c) To what frequency must the no-load frequency of the swing generator be adjusted in order
to restore the system frequency to 60 Hz? [Ans: fnl1 = 61.47 Hz)
d) If the system is operating at the conditions described in part (c), what would happen if
the swing generator were tripped off the line (disconnected from the power line)?
[Ans: fsys = 59.51 Hz)
 

Question: Electric Machinery Fundamentals-Solution Manual [EXP-4736]

A generating station for a power system consists of four 300-MVA, 15-kV, 0.85-PF-lagging

synchronous
generators with identical speed droop characteristics operating in parallel. The governors
on the
generators’ prime movers are adjusted to produce a 3-Hz drop from no load to full load.
Three of these

generators are each supplying a steady 200 MW at a frequency of 60 Hz, while the fourth
generator

(called the swing generator) handles all incremental load changes on the system while

maintaining the
system’s frequency at 60 Hz.

(a) At a given instant, the total system loads are 650 MW at a frequency of 60 Hz. What are

the noload frequencies of each of the system’s generators?

(b) If the system load rises to 725 MW and the generator’s governor set points do not

change, what
will the new system frequency be?

(c) To what frequency must the no-load frequency of the swing generator be adjusted in

order to
restore the system frequency to 60 Hz?
(d) If the system is operating at the conditions described in part (c), what would happen if

the swing

generator were tripped off the line (disconnected from the power line)?

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Q3
A 3300 V, 3 – phase star-connected synchronous motor, 4 pole, draws a full load current of
50A at 0.8
Power factor leading. The armature resistance is 2.2 Ω and the synchronous reactance of
25 Ω per phase. If the stray losses of the machine are 3500 W, calculate :-

(i) Draw the equivalent circuit.

(ii) The induced emf [2187.56<-34.86º]
(iii) The output power [208.93 kW]
(iv) The efficiency [0.91%]
(v) Determine the frequency to be varied to achieve the speed control from 400 to 1600 rpm
[13.33 hz – 53.33 Hz]
Q4 A 100-hp 440-V 0.85-PF-leading ∆-connected synchronous motor has an
armature resistance of 0.3 Ω and a synchronous reactance of 4.0 Ω. Its
efficiency at full load is 96 percent.
(a) What is the input power to the motor at rated conditions? [77.7
kW]
(b) What is the line current of the motor at rated conditions? What is
the phase current of the motor at rated conditions? [120 A, 69.3 A]
(c) What is the internal generated voltage, EA of this motor at rated
conditions? [634 <-21.7⁰ V]
(d) What are the stator copper losses in the motor at rated conditions?
[4.3 kW]
(e) What is Pconv at rated conditions? [73.4 kW]