CHAPTER 15- TRANSFER OF HEAT

KEYWORDS –
1. Convection
2. Radiation
3. Vacuum flask
4. Conduction
5. Insulators
6. Breeze
7. Absorption
8. Radiant energy
9. Vacuum
10. Metallic case

DEFINE –
Convection – It is the process of transfer of heat in which the heated
molecules of a fluid themselves move to carry heat from the hot to the
cold region.
Radiation – Process of transfer of heat in which a material medium is
not necessary and heat is directly transferred from the hot body to the
cold body.
Conduction – Process of transfer of heat in which heat is transferred
from hot end to cold end with the help of vibration of molecules. This
happens when two bodies are in contact with each other and without
the actual movement of molecules in them.
Thermal conductivity: The thermal conductivity of a material is the
measure of its ability to transfer heat within the object. The SI unit of
thermal conductivity is Watts/meter Kelvin (W/m.K).

DIFFERENTIATE –
Differentiate between two modes of transfer of heat, i.e. convection and
conduction.
Answer:
Difference between convection and conduction

Conduction Convection

The mode of transfer of heat from the

hotter part material to its colder part or
from a hot material to a cold material in
contact with it without the movement of
material as a whole. So, this phenomenon
is known as conduction
The mode of transfer of heat from the
hotter part of a fluid to its colder parts b
the movement of liquid itself. So, this
phenomenon is known as convection.

In all the solids, heat is transferred by the

In all the liquids and gases, heat is
process of conduction.
transferred by the process of convection
Eg: Heat from a stovetop transferring into
Eg: Cooking food in microwave oven.
a metal pot of water kept on it.

GIVE REASON -
(a)In places with hot climate, it is advised that the outer walls of houses
be painted white. Explain why?
Reason – In places with hot climate, it is advised that the outer walls of
houses be painted white because white colour absorbs less radiant heat
than any colour.

(b)In a room it is best to place a room heater on the floor but an air
conditioner near the ceiling.
Reason - In a room, it is best to place a room heater on the floor
because hot air is lighter and rises up. But an air conditioner is best
placed near the ceiling because cold air is heavier, thus comes down.

(c)The feathers of a bird protect it from the cold?

Reason – Feathers of a bird trap air which acts as insulator,
protecting its body from cold.

QUESTION AND ANSWER-

Q1. Explain in brief, why we wear dark-coloured clothes in winter and

light-coloured clothes in summer.
Answer:
We wear dark-coloured clothes in winter to keep us warm as they absorb
all the heat radiation coming from the sun whereas light-coloured
clothes reflect most of the heat radiation coming from the sun that falls
on them and therefore, we feel more comfortable wearing them in the
summer.
Q2. Draw a neat labelled diagram of a vacuum flask. How does it
prevent transfer of heat by conduction, convection or radiation?
Answer – Diagram –page no. 190 (Text book)
The vacuum between the two glass walls of the thermos flask
considerably reduces the flow of heat by conduction and convection.
This is because both conduction
And convection need molecules of a medium for transfer of heat.
The silvered surfaces reflect the heat back, thus reducing radiation.

Q3. What conditions are necessary for transfer of heat from one body
to another by conduction?
Answer –The conditions necessary for transfer of heat from one
body to another by conduction are –
(i)The two objects must be in contact.
(ii)Their temperatures should not be the same.

HOMEWORK QUESTIONS-
Q1. Explain why the freezer is located at the top of the refrigerator?

VALUES INSTILLED QUESTION:

Children will understand that heat is a divine energy which makes life
possible on earth. Heat is used to generate electricity at a thermal power
plant for our daily life. Temperature gives the measure of how hot and
cold each matter is.