BENG221 English Language and Composition-II

Digital Portfolio

Aman Husain
2133428
2ECOHB

School of Social Sciences, Christ (Deemed-to-be-University)

Under the Supervision of
Dr. Arya P.V.
 Table of Contents

Sl No. Content Page no.

1. Task 1- Identification of Different Types of Claim 1-2

2. Task 2- Providing Evidence to Claims 3

3. Task 3- Anecdotal Narrative Discrimination based on Food 4

 Identification of Different Types of Claims
Types of Claim Sentence
Claim of Value “We need to recognize the
fact that our education system
is NOT BROKEN but has
simply become OBSOLETE”
Claim of Fact “Our education system was
developed for an industrial
era where we could teach
certain skills to our children
and they were able to use
these skills for the rest of their
lives working productively in
an industry”
Claim of Policy “Rethinking education starts
with embracing our
individuality.”
Claim of Value “We need to allow children to
learn to be creative, learn to
reason, and to solve real
world problems using
collaborative and
interdisciplinary approaches”
Reason
It is a claim of value because
the author here is appealing to
the qualitative factors by
mentioning words such as
“NOT BROKEN” and
“OBSOLETE” which are
being put forward in the way
of being harmful to us.
It is a claim of fact based on
the premise that the
information presented here is
factual and has resulted in
producing outdated and
people that are totally
indistinguishable from each
other
It is a claim of policy because
it is arguing over the
existence of collective
mentality and is trying to tell
us that the way to a better
future would be individuality.
Hence in other terms it's also
a policy.
The author establishes a claim
of value by arguing that a new
idea is being proposed that is
or may be better than the old
one. This statement is
founded on the foundations of
Types of Claim Sentence
Claim of Policy “It is time we flipped the
model on its head and used
technology to focus on our
learners”
Claim of Policy To reinvent education or
solve any of the problems
facing our society today, we
need to think innovatively,
see the promise of education
outside the box and recognize
that failure is not an option.
Claim of Fact Our education system today
uses the mass production style
manufacturing process of
standardization.
Claim of Fact Just think of the opportunities
we can unlock by making
education as addictive as a
video game. This type of
experiential, addictive
learning improves decision-
making skills and increases
the processing speed and
spatial skills of the brain
Reason
a qualitative judgment,
thereby appealing to changing
societal ideals..
The author proposes a new
strategy for resolving current
difficulties in a novel way. It's
asking us to adapt, but it's less
important whether or not we
take action.
In this statement, the author
proposes a new policy and
argues for the necessity to fix
current difficulties with a
better way that lacks evidence
but is a specific notion with
certain quantitative aspects..
This is a factual assertion
because it bases its argument
on quantitative measures and
claims the existence of a
standardization procedure that
is based on data already in the
system, but it is also arguable.
The author asserts that
education may be
significantly improved by
making it more addictive in
nature. This claim is more
quantitative in nature, and it
can be contested.
 Providing Evidence to Claims

The Minister of State of Human Resource Development Satyapal Singh was caught up in a bit of
controversy when he claimed that the Darwin Theory is false.

The scientific community in response to his statements regarding the Darwin Theory said that “It
is factually incorrect to state that the evolutionary principle has been rejected by the scientific
community.” This claim can be backed up with evidence because according to a research
virtually almost all scientists agree with the Theory of evolution as stated by Darwin.It is backed
up by evidence from a range of scientific areas, including genetics, which demonstrates that
different species' DNA is identical. In paleontology and geology, there is also evidence that
supports the Theory of Evolution.

The scientists further went on to state that “every new discovery adds to Darwin's insights”. This
claim can be substantiated because According to a recent study, the most complete extinct-ape
skull yet discovered reveals what the last common ancestor of all surviving apes and humans
would have looked like. The 13-million-year-old child skull, dubbed "Alesi" by its discoverers,
was discovered in Kenya in 2014. The researchers believe it belonged to a fruit-eating, slow-
climbing ape that looked like a young gibbon hence just proving the point that we are related to
monkeys. Humans share over 90% of their DNA with their primate cousins making his statement
further from the truth.

The statement made by the Minister where in he says that humans haven't evolved from monkey
is very problematic claim and should be fact checked because according to the researches that
have been made there has been Strong evidence which suggests that between 6 and 7 million
years ago, the human lineage split from the one that produced big apes (orangutans, chimps,
bonobos, and gorillas) in Africa. Evidence is something which is not lacking in proving the
credibility of Darwin's theory and its applicability amongst the biologists and zoologists hence
the need for reeducation of the HR minister should be a must so that illogical reasoning like this
isn’t encouraged further in our society

The minister then went on to say that the Vedas contained more than enough knowledge about
how humans were created, and that they contained answers to queries that were 500 years old in
a book that was millions of years old, and that they were a collection of manuscripts that may
have been changed over time. This can’t be counted as a claim of fact and is a statement that
needs to be checked and corrected by the Minister himself.

In the end it would be a right to add that the Human Resource Development Minister needs to
retract his statements regarding Darwin's Theory due to empirical evidence that proves his claims
to be full of fallacies.
 Anecdotal Narrative Discrimination based on Food

So my Sunday started like any other Sunday, a very lazy one wherein I was just cooped up at my
house after waking up at around 12 ‘o’clock. I got freshened up and got ready to go have
breakfast and scroll through instagram in order to pass my time as I waited for my breakfast to
get ready in our hostel. As I was scrolling through my feed I noticed that most of my classmates
had been out the day before due to it being a weeknd and had gone to various Cafe’s, posting
pictures of the various kinds of food they had. I had been to a Hotel myself in the city of
Bangalore and I remembered what a scary night I had due to an issue related to the consumption
of food. So while we were traveling towards the restaurant which was approximately 10kms
from our hostel in a cab. Being keralites we are used to the concept that talking about eating
meat and especially beef is pretty common, so we started talking about it. Little did we realize
how much of an issue it actually was in other states besides our home state. So while traveling
and talking about random stuff we came across a cow that was on the road and wished that we
could get beef which led to a huge discussion of which beef curry was better in comparison to
the other. We were totally unaware of our surroundings and were not noticing how the driver
was giving us some menacing glances as we talked about the delicacy which we didn't realize
was a holy godlike figure according to his beliefs. So as the topic progressed the driver was
clearly not liking it because of which he stopped the vehicle on the side of the road and started
questioning us in his broken hindi as to what we were talking about that was related to beef. We
being the dumb kids we were made up some stories that we thought sounded believable and tried
to convince him that we were against the consumption of beef, but he didn't listen to a word we
said and called us some insults in kannada which went right over our heads and then told us to
get out of the car. We didn't want to cause a huge problem in a populated area and make trouble
for ourselves. So we paid him half of the fare and got out of the car all the while pondering why
this had occurred to us and why we were people of the same country with such opposing cultures
that were successfully being used by our political leaders for their so called vote banks in order
to win the elections and create a lasting division amongst people. Why is it so hard for us as
humans to accept differences in one's opinion? We shouldn't be fighting over issues like this but
instead maybe arrive at a solution instead of just glorifying the problem that persists in our
society. This whole issue had us shocked and scared over how some things weren’t received
kindly by the people and we had to monitor our freedom to speech according to the region we
were in. Beef has been a major issue in the country where people have argued a lot over whether
it should be consumable or not and according to people's liking it has been banned in certain
states. It is tough to imagine what would have happened if we had decided to stay and argue our
way through the cab ride or talk about how beef is consumable based upon our beliefs . This
incident makes us wonder who's right and who's wrong and makes us question the various
problems that exist in our society. We blame our society and our leaders but have we ever
stopped to think that we are part of society itself and to see the change that we wish to see in the
world we must change ourselves first….
References

References

Jain, N. (2013, May 18). Rethinking education: Why our education system is ripe for
disruption. Forbes. Retrieved March 11, 2022, from
https://www.forbes.com/sites/naveenjain/2013/03/24/disrupting-education/?
sh=65715efc23ef

Masci, D. (2019, February 11). For Darwin Day, 6 facts about the evolution debate. Pew
Research Center. Retrieved March 11, 2022, from
https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/02/11/darwin-day/

Garner T. (2021, November 30). What is Darwin's Theory of Evolution?. Live science. Retrieved
March 12, 2022, from https://www.livescience.com/474-controversy-evolution-
works.html

Tuttle, R.H. (n.d) Human Evolution. Britannica. Retrieved March 12, 2022, from
https://www.britannica.com/science/human-evolution#:~:text=Strong%20evidence%20supports
%20the%20branching,million%20years%20ago%20in%20Kenya.

Choi, C. (2017, August 2017). Fossil Reveals What Last Common Ancestor of Humans and Apes
Looked Liked. Scientific American. Retrieved March 12, 2022, from
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/fossil-reveals-what-last-common-ancestor-of-
humans-and-apes-looked-liked/#:~:text=The%20most%20complete%20extinct
%2Dape,unearthed%20in%20Kenya%20in%202014.

Peer - Edited Work (Tanushree Rajpurohit 2133446)

Task 1 -

Most of the claims made are appropriate with good reasoning . The second point where the claim
is “ claim of fact “ is that the evidence given is not accurate enough to prove it as a claim of fact .
The other reason is understandable and up to mark .

Task 2 -

The Minister of State of Human Resource Development Satyapal Singh was caught up in a bit of
controversy when he claimed that the Darwin Theory is false.

The scientific community in response to his statements regarding the Darwin Theory said that “It
is factually incorrect to state that the evolutionary principle has been rejected by the scientific
community.” This claim can be backed up with evidence because according to a research
virtually almost all scientists agree with the Theory of evolution as stated by Darwin.It is backed
up by evidence from a range of scientific areas, including genetics, which demonstrates that
different species' DNA is identical. In palaeontology and geology, there is also evidence that
supports the Theory of Evolution.

The scientists further went on to state that “every new discovery adds to Darwin's insights”. This
claim can be substantiated because According to a recent study, the most complete extinct-ape
skull yet discovered reveals what the last common ancestor of all surviving apes and humans
would have looked like. The 13-million-year-old child skull, dubbed "Alesi" by its discoverers,
was discovered in Kenya in 2014. The researchers believe it belonged to a fruit-eating, slow-
climbing ape that looked like a young gibbon hence just proving the point that we are related to
monkeys. Humans share over 90% of their DNA with their primate cousins making his statement
further from the truth.

The statement made by the Minister where in he says that humans haven't evolved from monkey
is very problematic claim and should be fact-checked because according to the research that have
been made there has been Strong evidence which suggests that between 6 and 7 million years
ago, the human lineage split from the one that produced big apes (orangutans, chimps, bonobos,
and gorillas) in Africa. Evidence is something which is not lacking in proving the credibility of
Darwin's theory and its applicability amongst the biologists and zoologists hence the need for
reeducation of the HR minister should be a must so that illogical reasoning like this isn’t
encouraged further in our society

The minister then went on to say that the Vedas contained more than enough knowledge about
how humans were created, and that they contained answers to queries that were 500 years old in
a book that was millions of years old, and that they were a collection of manuscripts that may
have been changed over time. This can’t be counted as a claim of fact and is a statement that
needs to be checked and corrected by the Minister himself.

In the end it would be a right to add that the Human Resource Development Minister needs to
retract his statements regarding Darwin's Theory due to empirical evidence that proves his claims
to be full of fallacies.

Comment -

● Not much editing needed

● Detailed information
● Clearly identified fallacies and claims

Task 3 -

So, my Sunday started like any other Sunday, a very lazy one wherein I was just cooped up at
my house after waking up at around 12 ‘o’clock. I got freshened up and got ready to go have
breakfast and scroll through Instagram in order to spend my time as I waited for my breakfast to
get ready in our hostel. As I was scrolling through my feed I noticed that most of my classmates
had been out the day before due to it being a weeknd and had gone to various Cafe’s, posting
pictures of the various kinds of food they had. I had been to a Hotel myself in the city of
Bangalore and I remembered what a scary night I had due to an issue related to the consumption
of food. So while we were traveling towards the restaurant which was approximately 10kms
from our hostel in a cab. Being keralites we are used to the concept that talking about eating
meat and beef in particular is common, so we started talking about it. Little did we realize how
much of an issue it actually was in other states besides our home state. While traveling and
talking about random stuff we came across a cow that was on the road and wished that we could
get beef which led to a huge discussion of which beef curry was better in comparison to the
other. We were totally unaware of our surroundings and were not noticing how the driver was
giving us some menacing glances as we talked about the delicacy which we didn't realize was a
holy godlike figure according to his beliefs. So as the topic progressed the driver was clearly not
liking it because of which he stopped the vehicle on the side of the road and started questioning
us in his broken hindi as to what we were talking about that was related to beef. We were being
the dumb kids we made up some stories that we thought sounded believable and tried to
convince him that we were against the consumption of beef, but he didn't listen to a word we said
and called us some insults in kannada which went right over our heads and then told us to get out
of the car. We didn't want to cause a huge problem in a populated area and make trouble for
ourselves. So we paid him half of the fare and got out of the car all the while pondering why this
had occurred to us and why we were people of the same country with such opposing cultures that
were successfully being used by our political leaders for their so called vote banks in order to
win the elections and create a lasting division amongst people. Why is it so hard for us as
humans to accept differences in one's opinion? We shouldn't be fighting over issues like this but
instead maybe arrive at a solution instead of just glorifying the problem that persists in our
society. This whole issue had us shocked and scared over how some things weren’t received
kindly by the people and we had to monitor our freedom to speech according to the region we
were in. Beef has been a major issue in the country where people have argued a lot over whether
it should be consumable or not and according to people's liking it has been banned in certain
states. It is tough to imagine what would have happened if we had decided to stay and argue our
way through the cab ride or talk about how beef is consumable based upon our beliefs . This
incident makes us wonder who's right and who's wrong and makes us question the various
problems that exist in our society. We blame our society and our leaders but have we ever
stopped to think that we are part of society itself and to see the change that we wish to see in the
world we must change ourselves first….

Comment -

● Pretty much a good narrative

● some minor grammatical errors
● Can add a statement of political leader using beef as vote banks to make it evident
enough